Its unit is called Lu Niu, and each Lu Niu has 300 people. In principle, each national flag should have 25 Lu Niu. But in fact, the number of cattle recorded in each flag is different and will be adjusted at any time. During the reign of Nurhachi, the number of cattle in the Eight Banners was recorded as follows: 45 cattle in Huangzheng Banner, 2 1 cattle in Xianghuang Banner, 25 cattle in Zhenghong Banner, 26 cattle in Xianghuang Banner, 20 cattle in Zhenglan Banner, 33 cattle in Lan Xiang Banner, 25 cattle in Zhengbai Banner and 0/5 cattle in Baiqi.
1623, when Nurhachi was in his sixties. So he gave most of his two yellow flags to his three sons, namely Azig (18 years old), Dourgen (1 1 year old) and Duoduo (9 years old). At that time, the Huangzheng Banner and Huangbian Banner were adjusted, each with a record of 30 cattle. Azig led 15 Lu Niu in Huangqi, Dourgen led 15 Lu Niu in Huangqi, Duoduo led 15 Lu Niu in Huangqi. The remaining 15 Lu Niu of Huangqi is still led by Nurhachi himself. At the same time, Nurhachi also made it clear that after his death, Azig was the flag owner with a yellow flag, many of which were yellow flags, and the other flag was given to Dourgen.
After this distribution, the yellow flag became the only flag that Nurhachi personally commanded, so it was also called the head flag, and it was called the head of the Eight Banners from now on.
After Nurhachi's death, Huang Taiji succeeded to the throne with the support of all. Huang taiji replaced the owner of the white flag with his eldest son, Haug. At the same time, in order to reflect the "color of the country" of the yellow flag, Huang Taiji switched the two white flags belonging to their father and son with the two yellow flags belonging to Azig, Dourgen and Duoduo. But only the name and flag have been changed, and the personnel relationship of the flag owner has not changed.
1635 someone denounced the rebellion of the former flag owners of Zhenglan Banner, namely Mangutai and Dege. Huang taiji took the opportunity to deprive Mangutai and Dege of their flag rights, and transferred Haug to be the flag owner of Zhenglan Banner, and the two yellow flags were under his own command. From then on, the Eight Banners formed a pattern of three banners and five banners. As the emperor's personal soldier, Shangsanqi was directly under the emperor's command.
After the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, Dourgen became the first person in the Qing Dynasty. 1648, Dourgen framed Hogg and put him in prison. At the same time, he was transferred to Doni (the second son of Duoduo), and Azig succeeded Hogg as the flag owner of Zhenglan Banner, while he himself served as the flag owner of Zhengbai Banner and Baiqi Banner. In addition, he also transferred the blue flag to the upper three flags and transferred his own white flag. Since then, the upper three flags and the lower five flags have not changed.
After Dourgen's death, the two white flags originally commanded by Dourgen also changed hands again. As one of the three flags, Zhengbaiqi was personally taken over by the emperor. The banner of the white flag is Haug's son Fushou.
After that, the pattern of the Eight Banners was as follows: the emperor commanded three banners (yellow flag, yellow flag and white flag); Prince Li (of Daishan descent) commands the red flag and the red flag; Prince Su (Haug descent) commanded the white flag; Prince Yu (a lot of blood) commands Zhenglan Banner; Zheng Qinwang (Jilalang, son of Shuhaqi) is in charge of the blue flag.
Extended data:
At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the power of flag owners was still great. Later, after several generations of emperors' continuous differentiation, from the middle of Qing Dynasty, the actual controller of the Eight Banners was the emperor himself.
In principle, there is no rank or strength between the Eight Banners. There is no difference in the treatment of the banners in the Eight Banners, and there is no situation that the banners with the upper three flags enjoy more benefits than the banners with the lower five flags. However, there is a huge difference in treatment between the three-flag coating above and the five-flag coating below. The former is to eat the imperial grain, and the latter is to receive the palace salary.
In addition, the flag bearers of the top three flags have more opportunities than the flag bearers of the bottom five flags. For example, the guards of the Forbidden City are generally held by the standard bearers of the three flags. Among the last three flags, the first flag is a yellow flag instead of a yellow flag. The next five flags have no order at all.
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