The problem lies in people's understanding of the meaning of the word "county" The traditional form of "county" is "county", which originally means "hanging". Shuowen said: "The county is also a department." From the department, the county will understand. "For example, there is a sentence in the poem Feng Wei's Cutting Tan," Do not hunt, is there a county quail in Hu Zhaner's court? Another example is Mandarin Today: "Please be in Quwo County", where the county means "hang up". County, also known as "Huan", is a county of states and counties and an administrative division unit. The county system originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, popularized in the Warring States Period and customized in the Qin Dynasty. Counties and counties are the products of feudal lords plundering land and competing for hegemony among countries. It first appeared in the state of Chu in 690 BC. Setting up a county is an expedient measure to control the newly conquered areas. Because it was recently conquered and far away, a temporary organization was set up to make it, hence the name "County". After the Warring States period, it became a relatively stereotyped local regional system. In Qin Dynasty, there was a county directly under the central government, which was divided into upper, middle and lower levels. Since then, it has been the most basic administrative unit in China. The county system of more than two thousand years in China has the function of connecting the preceding with the following, connecting counties, prefectures, prefectures and provinces, and connecting townships, towns, districts, villages and so on. At present, we usually understand a county as a first-level administrative division, which generally refers to all the areas under the jurisdiction of the county. In fact, the scope of the object referred to by the county has a changing process, so the county has multiple meanings. County leaders refer to "county governance" and "county administration", such as "Laughing Forest" written in "The History of the Three Kingdoms Han Wei Dan Chun": "yi county is bound". This means tying people up and sending them to the county government. In our current spoken language, we usually say "from the county" and "the notice from the county". , undoubtedly refers to the county-level administrative units, from the "county government." County refers to the next "county", that is, the town where the county government is located. We usually say "to the county", that is, to the county. Finally, county means "county territory", that is, all areas within a county-level administrative region, which is what we usually use now. For example, "Su San Prison is located in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province", where "Hongdong County" refers to the whole area under the jurisdiction of Hongdong County.
In fact, the meaning of the word "province" is similar. Province now mainly refers to the highest local administrative division system in China after the Yuan Dynasty. Forbidden areas in ancient palaces were called provinces, such as "provinces". During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the central government set up three provinces, Zhongshu, Shangshu and Menxia, to assist the emperor in handling daily affairs, and the provinces became the names of the central government offices. In the fifteenth year of Tianhui (1 137), Jin Xizong set up towns in Liu and two places. In the future, when there are important affairs in the local area, the central government often sends officials from Shangshu Province to the local area to do things cheaply, saying that it is convenient to go to Shangshu to handle affairs. However, the province of Hangshangshu in the Jin Dynasty was still a temporary institution of the central government. Yuan system. Kublai Khan took the prime minister of Zhongshu Province as the state affairs, and changed the local Shangshu Province into Zhongshu Province. With the development of territory and the stability of political situation, there were 1 1 provinces in China during the reign of Emperor Chengzong, and provinces became the highest local administrative divisions. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Yuan system was still followed, and the local book provinces were set up. Zhu Yuanzhang thinks that Zhongshu Province has too much power in the bank. In order to strengthen centralization, he first took measures to weaken local power. In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Zhongshu Province was changed to undertake the propaganda lawsuit. By the end of Ming Dynasty, there were 13 companies in China. After the establishment of the Qing dynasty, a province was established in the inland area of Guangzhou and changed to a province. In addition to the original 13 provinces in Ming dynasty, in the first year of Shunzhi (1644), the northern zhili province was changed to the Ming dynasty zhili province, and the southern zhili province was changed to the Jiangnan province, with *** 15 provinces. This is the origin of "province" now. Therefore, the meaning of province originally refers to the forbidden area in the palace, then to the central administrative organ, and then to the highest local administrative organ, all of which belong to the official department. Later, the scope of "province" was expanded to refer to the location of the entire provincial organ, that is, the provincial capital. For example, 1922 had a "general strike in provinces and ports", in which "Hong Kong" was Hong Kong and "Province" was Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong, not the whole province of Guangdong. In our oral English today, it is also common to say that going to the provincial capital means "going to the province". Now, the meaning of province mostly refers to all areas under the jurisdiction of provincial administrative organs. When introducing the imperial examination system in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the textbook "Ancient History of China" for senior high school said that "the provincial examination was held in the province", and the province here of course refers to the provincial capital. Because this meaning is rarely used now, some people say that "after having obtained the provincial examination" is a sick sentence. Later, the word "city" was added after the word "province" in the textbook. In fact, there is nothing wrong with this sentence, but the meaning of saving is used less now, leading to misunderstanding.
From this point of view, Su San's "there are no good people in Hongdong County" does not mean that there are no good people in the whole Hongdong County, but that there are no good people in the government office of Hongdong County. This sentence was not excessive at that time, so we can't say that Susan was too extreme. Everyone got the meaning wrong, even though people in Hongtong County suffered injustice, and Susan was accused of wronging a good man.