Text discussion

First, the overall grasp

This family, it runs in the family, is harmonious and beautiful, loving each other. What a happy family this is. The author expressed his ideal of family ethics.

The most prominent point is that "I" respect the elderly. Try to make two hypotheses. The first assumption is, what if you leave your mother at home and take your wife and children for a walk? Many people do this all the time. In their view, they are more comfortable and happier without the drag of the old people. As everyone knows, the old man is so lonely, desolate and chilling at home. It seems that I have no conscience to condemn my mother for not persuading her to take a walk together. "Mom doesn't want to come out. She is old and in poor health, and she feels very tired when she goes forward. " In that case, there seems to be a reason not to say hello. If we make this assumption, we can feel the filial piety of "I" to my mother.

The second hypothesis is that the mother takes the road and the son takes the path. What if I listened to my son? When a son gets his wish, he will naturally be in high spirits, and over time, he will become arrogant. Mother is old and cultured, so naturally she won't be unhappy, but her heart is always restless. When I am old, I can't speak for myself like a little grandson. There's a reason to take the path. This road is very interesting. "There are golden cauliflower, two rows of neat mulberry trees and a sparkling fish pond at the end." Walking is to see the scenery, and there is nothing wrong with taking the path. And "I" do what my mother tells me to do. I don't treat my son as a little sun pet, but I can feel my filial piety to my mother.

Filial piety is out of conscience. We can deeply feel the kindness of "I". This family is so beautiful, and respecting the elderly is the decisive factor.

Second, the problem research

1. Why does this article make such a fuss?

There are a few big words that are useful. In a place, the mother has to take the road and the son has to take the path, which is called "disagreement". One place said that in the face of "differences", "I feel a great responsibility." In one place, I put my words into "decision". One is the ending, "It seems that what I have on my back and what I have on her back add up to the whole world."

Such a big word makes a mountain out of a molehill, revealing that the author's article "Walking" is of great significance. What he wants to say goes beyond the matter itself. He is telling a truth by walking.

2. What does the author mean?

To explore this problem, we should learn a way of thinking, that is, from individual to general, from concrete to abstract, from behavior to principle.

"I" is old and young, so we should take care of both. Considering both ends, of course there is no contradiction. Sometimes, you can't have it both ways, just like taking the road or the path. You can't do both, you can only take care of one end. So which end should you pay attention to? "Deciding to wronged my son" is the end of caring for the elderly. Because I have been with my son for a long time, the implication is that my parents are dying and I want to be filial, and time is rare. There is a family ethics principle here: there are old people at the top and villains at the bottom. When you can't take care of both ends, you should take care of the old one.

If this principle is implemented, the family will be beautiful. Grandma loves her grandchildren and has always been modest. Even if it is inconvenient to walk, she dotes on her grandchildren. Grandson, look at dad's filial obedience. Look at him, don't cry or make trouble. How harmonious this family is. When the child grows up and the father is old, he will honor his parents as his father respects his grandmother. A good family style will be passed down from generation to generation.

At a deeper level, try to see human nature clearly. It is natural and easy to love your wife and children, but it is not easy to be filial to the elderly. There are many unfilial sons in the world, causing many family conflicts. The author feels this and advocates an ethical principle with walking as the theme. According to this principle, a family is always more harmonious and beautiful.

Looking at it from another angle, the wife's virtue is also an important factor. "Outside, she always listens to me." She showed no filial piety to her mother-in-law. When "I decided to wronged my son", my wife didn't refute it at all. Generally speaking, the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law is more important There is not much ink in this article about wife, but the author's meaning can be vaguely felt. As a wife and daughter-in-law, it should be.

Why do you describe me as my mother on my back and my wife on my son's back?

Literally, this means that they walk carefully and take the path for fear of making mistakes in any step, especially the mother, who can't stand the fall and must be steady.

This image is very symbolic. The responsibility of middle age is to support both the older generation and the next generation. A family is like this, so is a nation and a country?

The language of this article is very beautiful. How do we learn its language?

When learning the language of the text, you can pay special attention to the words. Exquisite sentences are tried again and again, trying to figure out how the author chooses words and makes sentences, and realizing a little truth, which can be used flexibly in his own composition in the future.

There is a sentence in the first paragraph: "Mom doesn't want to come out. She is old and in poor health, and she will feel very tired if she goes any further. I said, so walk more. Mother nodded convincingly and went to get her coat. These words show the modality of mother and son. The mother is old and obedient, and the son is sincere and filial. The phrase "because of this" reveals the cultural accomplishment of "I". People who lack literacy don't say that. From this, we can understand what kind of language is needed to express modality.

"She listens to me now, just as I listened to her when I was a child." How wonderful! From the content point of view, there is a circular relationship, which traces the relationship between mother and child back to decades ago, showing the docile character of both mother and child. Where did this wonderful idea come from? That is to say, write a and b at the same time, from a to b, and then from b to a, you can construct such a wonderful sentence.

There are many symmetrical sentences, which is the main part of the exquisite language of this article. For example:

Some are thick and some are light.

My mother and I are in front, and my wife and son walk behind.

Mother and son are in front, and mother and son are behind.

Mother wants to take the main road, and the road is flat; My son wants to take the path, which is very interesting.

My mother is old and used to listening to her strong son. My son is still young and used to listening to the tall father.

I squatted down to carry my mother, and my wife squatted down to carry my son.

Although my mother is tall, she is thin and naturally not heavy; Although my son is fat, he is young and naturally light.

Everything is in pairs. If you put the two aspects together and try to write the sentence neatly, you can form such a symmetrical sentence. Symmetrical sentences have symmetrical beauty, which set off each other and are very interesting.

Practice note

Read the full text. The topic of "walking" is determined from the perspective of the main events in the article. Do you think this title is good? Please draw up a title for this article from another angle and give your reasons.

This topic makes a fuss about the topic, aiming at grasping the content of the text as a whole and trying to figure out the art of the topic. The first question, you can answer "good" or "bad", as long as it makes sense. Draw up another title, and you can show your magic. After drafting, exchange ideas, judge each other and encourage creativity.

"I squatted down to hug my mother, and my wife squatted down to hug my son ... but my wife and I walked slowly, steadily and carefully, as if what I carried and what she carried added up to be the whole world." Tell me about your understanding of this passage and communicate with your classmates.

This question requires understanding the deep meaning of the sentence, with emphasis on words such as "the whole world".

For the answer, please refer to the third part "Problem Research".

The following passage is also the story of three generations. Which story moves you more than words? Tell me your reasons. (Introduction to Three Generations)

The themes of Three Generations and Walking are similar, but there are differences, but the plots are quite different. Make a comparative reading on this topic to cultivate appreciation ability. Reading is a personalized behavior, and the emotion of "touching" is even more personalized. It is ok to say "go" is more touching. It is ok to say that three generations are more touching, as long as it makes sense. Teachers should guide students to correctly grasp the main idea of two short passages. Three generations have said that it is better to die than to die. "Xing" says that filial piety comes first. To measure a work, we should also consider it from the social value.

Teaching suggestion

First of all, grasp two key points to guide the discussion.

The reading ability of articles with profound meaning and faded words is reflected in the depth of understanding. It is superficial to look at the surface without looking at the deep; From the outside to the inside, profound. This article has two key points. One is the decision made in the face of "differences", and the other is the "whole world" mentioned at the end of the article. Above all, we should lead the discussion. Why "I" decided to obey my mother and wronged my son, and by extension, what is my "principle". Realizing the word "filial piety" is also an understanding of the text, which is also of great benefit to humanistic accomplishment.

Second, we should be guided to ponder and learn the language.

In particular, we should taste symmetrical sentences and study how to choose words and make sentences and how to write such sentences. For example, write "I" behind my mother's back and my wife behind my son's back, and then write the weight of my back, from the weight of my mother to the weight of my son, and connect them together to become a symmetrical sentence. One is not heavy and the other is light. Expand it, say why it is not heavy, why it is light, one is thin, the other is young, and then expand it. Speaking of figure, one is tall and the other is fat. In this way, we can say two symmetrical words: "Although my mother is tall, she is thin and naturally not heavy;" Although my son is very fat, he is young and naturally light. "Only by guiding students to ponder the language and enhancing their sense of language can they gradually improve their language expression ability.

Third, teaching design.

1. Read.

Reading ability includes the ability to read the manuscript immediately after receiving it. This time, we should try this ability.

2. Skip reading for four times.

Pay attention to me for the first time.

Pay attention to your wife's temperament for the second time.

Pay attention to the mother's temperament for the third time.

Pay attention to your son's temperament for the fourth time

Tip: Pay attention not only to tangible things, but also to intangible things. For example, "I" said "take the road" and wronged my son. I should imagine my son's reaction instead of writing down my wife's reaction. I should also imagine it.

3. Talk about the overall feeling.

To expand, the focus is on the filial piety of "I".

4. Content discussion.

Discussion method: ask questions; Ask questions; Cooperative exploration.

(1) Why does this essay make a mountain out of a molehill?

Guide method: first find out the sentences with big words and small uses, and then think about the author's writing intention.

(2) What does the author mean?

Guiding method: grasping key factors; Learning is promoted from individual to general abstraction.

(3) Why is it so serious to write behind the mother's back?

5. Language learning.

(1) Circle beautiful sentences with the circle method.

(2) Try to figure out the beauty of symmetry.

6. Language use.

(1) _ _ _ _ _ _ nodded convincingly.

(2) Everything depends on _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3)________________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(4)______________________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

7. Comparative reading: walking and three generations.

related data

First, the writing opportunity of Walking (Mo Huaiqi)

Walking is written in1985; Because it is a "feeling of life", it is destined to be lyrical. Because I am not good at poetry, I became prose. Therefore, the genre is often not deliberately chosen by the author, but a natural result.

In retrospect, I should have two chances to write this article.

The first one is a walk for three generations and four people. In the early spring, vilen in the south coaxed his mother to go on the road, which is true ... At that time, his son went to kindergarten, and his name was "mother and child are in front, mother and child are behind". But we laughed at that time, because we were excited about the clever language of the little guy. Like all young parents, we think that our child is a genius, or at least has something extraordinary-you know how to sum it up at an early age, so won't he become a philosopher in the future?

Second chances are more rational. After I met Mr. Colt, an American sinologist who came to Southwest University of Political Science and Law to study China's civil procedure law, I often had a superficial conversation about the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures. What surprised me was his view of filial piety in China culture-he took it apart and opposed it (he said that his younger brother didn't have to look up to his older brother), but he praised it, saying that China people respect the old and love the young, which is "the essence of culture" and that the British philosopher Bacon said that "animals also have to feed their children." He also watched the Spring Festival Gala hosted by CCTV with me, saying that "in the United States, the whole country will be convened by the government to celebrate the New Year as a family, which is unimaginable".

What we lost ourselves was picked up by people in developed countries, which made me deeply moved and began to face up to this old-looking national heritage with little oil and water. The idea of writing came into being.

When selecting materials, I finally decided that the first opportunity is the extension of the article, or the carrier of thoughts and feelings, considering as follows:

(a) this is a real walk, there are real people and some real things (details), so that the part of imagination processing has a basis, which is more real than pure fiction;

(2) In just three generations, the subject "I" and "my wife" and the object "son" and "mother" are complete, which is convenient for "directing";

(3) To say "director" is because a tendency of prose writing in recent years is plot (also called details). In short, the wind of reasoning has been long, and the wind of simple reasoning is gone; Readability is increasingly emphasized.

Cut into the angle: strengthen "life" and dilute ethics. First, innovation is difficult, because there is too much talk about ethics. Second, the theory of life is both the essence and the reference between human nature and animal nature. Only human beings can protect young life and be kind to aging life.

Therefore, mature life, the so-called young adults, has a great responsibility, and its sociality, or ethics, has also infiltrated secretly.

The heavy responsibility comes from the need to bear, so I designed it in the article-back: small back, old back; Young people are duty-bound to carry the whole world on their backs.

Moreover, in order to highlight the "sense of responsibility", I have specially reformed the disputes on different roads, and I will rule that this important detail cannot be taken into account. The fact is, there are differences, no disputes-grandma dotes on her grandson and listens at once. But without transformation, expressiveness cannot be produced.

And that time I only carried my son, not my mother, but I carried my mother before. For example, 198 1, we went to Dujiangyan with my mother and left the weir water. The scene was a little dangerous, so I walked slowly with my mother on my back. At that time, my mother was young and seemed to feel guilty. I said I was safer when you were on my back. That's true, so mom said, "So, I'm protecting you?" .

Therefore, if you are never too young and too old, it is hard to think of carrying this scene.

Therefore, a comprehensive view of this work coincides with a literary theory: it comes from life and is higher than life. If there is, there is nothing special.

(Selected from Language Learning No.3 1995)

Second, the beauty of human nature in walking

1. Exploring Beauty in Walking (Excerpt) (Xia Yuzhou)

Mo Huaiqi's "Walking" is an exquisite, beautiful and meaningful essay, and it is also an ode to truth, goodness and beauty condensed with 580 words. After reading this article, it is like accepting a moral baptism. Can it be said that the course of reading this article is a pleasant and noble journey of human mind on the track of family, humanity and life?

The lines in the article "Walking" are very clear: (1) "I" advised my mother to walk; (2) the whole family goes together; (3) the difference between choosing roads and paths; (4) "I" decided to wronged my son; (5) Mothers obey their grandchildren; (6) In difficult places, "I" and my wife carry their mother and son behind their backs respectively.

Why did the author make such a simple thing interesting and thought-provoking? Delicate taste is nothing more than making waves with feet of water, and the tortuous writing reflects the bright light of family and humanity in the valleys and peaks.

The article begins with "Let's go for a walk". My mother doesn't want to come out. "She is old and in poor health. She felt very tired after walking away. " But "I" said: That's why we should walk more. So, my mother nodded convincingly.

Why did the mother who didn't want to come out agree again? The author wrote: "She listens to me now, just as I listened to her when I was a child."

A "loving mother", a "dutiful son", a sincere understanding and absolute trust, this benign causal cycle embodies the beauty of ancient ethics.

When walking, there is a difference between taking the road and taking the path: "Mom takes the road, the road is clear" and "Son takes the path, which is interesting". How to solve this contradiction? Of course, it depends on me. At this time, the author feels a great responsibility: he can't find a way to kill two birds with one stone, and he can't bear to break up the family. So "I" decided to wronged my son because "I have been with him for a long time". This choice should be said to be reasonable, which embodies my feelings of loving the young and respecting the old.

When "I" made the decision to "take the main road", the result was unexpected: "Mom touched her grandson's little brain" and suddenly changed her mind, "Take the small road". If my decision is easy to understand, then my mother's change is unnatural. But it is this unreasonable place that people's sincerity and kindness are fully illuminated, and the gentleness, humility and thoughtfulness of three generations in this family have all melted into this deep love. For a family composed of blood, isn't this the most stable, lasting and precious?

The "interesting" road is really uneven, and my wife and I have to carry our mother and son separately in difficult places. This "back" is actually to bear the burden of life, build a bridge between two generations, and implicitly allude to the great mission of my generation to support the elderly and raise children.

(Selected from Chinese Teaching in Middle Schools No.9 1995)

2. An ode to respecting the old and loving the young (He Xiaoxi)

Walking is a fresh and beautiful essay. It is like a touching poem and a touching song, which eulogizes the traditional virtues of our people in respecting the old and loving the young, and reflects the gratifying achievements in the construction of civilized families in China.

This article is very distinctive in the selection of materials. The author knows the truth that "a drop of water can reflect the brilliance of the sun", and carefully selects materials to see the big from the small. The article only chooses a small matter of a family to write, which shows a major theme: the fine tradition of respecting the elderly and loving the young of the Chinese nation has been carried forward in the new era.

In this it runs in the family family, "I" plays an important role in connecting the past with the future. Whenever there are differences in the family, "I" always take the initiative to stand up, eliminate differences, maintain unity and enhance family ties. My family is going for a walk in the field, but my mother doesn't want to go. The reason is that my mother is old and in poor health. She managed to survive a severe winter and felt tired after walking far away. Mother's idea is not unreasonable, but "I" is not a passive expression of obedience, but a positive hint. "I" persuaded my mother because she was old and weak. "She should walk more." The word "I" is permeated with dialectical thoughts and full of deep love for my mother, which is conducive to the enhancement of my mother's physical quality and the creation of a warm family atmosphere. After listening to "I", my mother didn't stick to her own opinions, but listened to good advice. The son loves his mother and the mother respects his son, so there is a harmonious and peaceful atmosphere in the family.

Family is like a pond, sometimes the waves are like a mirror, and sometimes the waves fluctuate. In the process of walking, this it runs in the family home is like a calm water. At the fork in the road, mother takes the road and son takes the path. The road is flat, which is convenient for the elderly to walk; The road is difficult, but it is beautiful. In the case that you can't have both, "I" decided to give up the fish and take the bear's paw. "I" think that my mother is old and weak, and she has little time and few opportunities to accompany her; The son is still young and has many opportunities to accompany him. So "I" wronged my son, obeyed my mother and made the decision to "go that way". This decision is wise and embodies the virtue of "respecting the elderly" of the Chinese nation.

Just when "I" made the decision to "take the path", my mother suddenly felt her grandson's little brain and changed her mind: "Take the path." Mother loves her grandchildren, understands their thoughts and knows that they like golden cauliflower beside the path, neat mulberry trees and sparkling fish ponds at the end of the path, so she decides to overcome difficulties and satisfy their wishes. Mother's decision to change the road embodies the traditional virtue of "loving the young" of the Chinese nation.

The path is not easy to walk. My mother said to me, "Where I can't walk, you carry me." In difficult places, "I" crouched down and carried my mother; The wife also squatted down to hold her son. They are afraid of hurting their loved ones, so they walk slowly, steadily and carefully. Their behavior embodies the virtue of "respecting the old and loving the young" of the Chinese nation.

(Selected from Chinese Teaching in Middle Schools No.9 1994)

Third, the poetic beauty of scenery description (Xia Yuzhou)

The article "Walking" doesn't describe much scenery, only two places, and the two paragraphs add up to more than 70 words. However, this understatement is full of poetry and painting, which provides a wonderful background for common walking.

The first place is the description of the fields in early spring in the south: when winter goes and spring comes, "a large area of new green" is thick and light, "buds are dense on the trees" and "winter water is bubbling in the fields".

This "new green", this "bud" and this "winter water" bubble are clearly the expression of the breath of spring, showing unstoppable vitality. This is a song of life and a tribute to vitality.

The second place describes the distant scenery of the path my mother expected: golden cauliflower, neat mulberry trees and sparkling fish ponds-spring is calling and life is calling. Yes, although "spring came too late this year", "some old people can't stand it" and "spring finally came", my mother finally "survived another severe winter". What is revealed between the lines is a kind of love and cherish for life.

Spring has come, and everything has to start from scratch. It's time to cheer up and shake off the laziness in winter; You should exercise your bones and muscles, devote yourself to a new life with abundant vitality and welcome a better tomorrow.

The two scenes, seemingly short-lived, actually contain wonderful artistic conception and profound philosophy.

(Excerpted from "Three Questions about Exploring Beauty in Walking" in "Chinese Teaching in Middle Schools" No.9, 1995)

Fourth, the beauty of language in walking.

The language of "Zou" is simple and simple, but it is rich in connotation and intriguing, just like olives. The more you chew, the more interesting it is. The following is a detailed analysis from three aspects.

(1) full of interest. "She listens to me now, just as I listened to her when I was a child." This sentence describes the relationship between mother and child. The mother is reasonable and the son is filial, which sets each other off. "The little guy suddenly shouted:' There are mothers and children in front, and there are mothers and children behind.' We all laughed. These two sentences are full of interest in life, which not only shows the innocence and intelligence of the little guy, but also shows the happiness and warmth of the family.

(2) Rich in meaning. "My mother survived another severe winter", which not only wrote the scene of my mother enduring the severe winter, but also wrote "I" glad that my mother was finally safe and sound. "What about my wife? Outside, she always listens to me. " This sentence shows the virtue of a wife. The restriction of "out" is well used, which makes people feel that "at home" is not necessarily the case, but probably "I always listen to her". "Although my mother is tall, she is thin and naturally not heavy; Although my son is fat, he is young and naturally light. But my wife and I walk slowly, steadily and carefully, as if what I carry on my back and what she carries add up to the whole world. " This sentence has far-reaching significance. By emphasizing the light, it highlights the great significance of "respecting the old and loving the young", and also writes that middle-aged people have realized the great responsibility and are inheriting and carrying forward the fine tradition of "respecting the old and loving the young" and writing a new chapter in socialist spiritual civilization.

(3) it is intended to be implicit. "This field in the early spring of the south is covered with large tracts of new green at will, some thick and some light; The buds on the trees are also dense; The winter water in the field is also bubbling. All this reminds people of one thing-life. " This passage shows the vigorous vitality of spring through the description of early spring, suggesting that mothers who have survived the severe winter will gain new vitality. "Her eyes followed the path: golden cauliflower, two rows of neat mulberry trees, and a shiny fish pond at the end of the road." This sentence depicts the rural scenery, reveals the connotation of "the path is interesting", points out the reasons for taking the path, and shows the inner world that the mother fully understands her grandson's wishes.

(The source is the same as the second item of "two")

The walking language exudes fresh and elegant fragrance. The feeling of reading this language is like walking behind the author's back, talking and inadvertently picking a few inexpensive but elegant flowers from the flower basket.

Throughout the whole writing, there are no uncommon and gorgeous words and no puzzling sentences. Everything is clear except the hint at the end. But popular but not vulgar, clear and not straightforward.

The neatness and disorder of sentence patterns, the loudness and continuity of phonology, and the contrast and contrast of semantics all seem handy without any deliberate carving. See aura in plain, see philosophy in simple.

"She listened to me as I did when I was a child"; "My mother and I walked in front, and my wife and son walked behind." The son suddenly cried, "Mother and son are in front, and mother and son are behind."

These three sentences seem familiar to many words: nothing more than "my words", "her words", "front", "mother" and "son". However, reading them can cause a lot of thinking and envy: the deep affection between loving mothers and dutiful sons, the tranquility and warmth of harmonious families ... while admiring them, they realize that life is like this, generation after generation, endless.

"Mother to take the road, the road is flat; My son wants to take the path, and the path is very interesting. " One is "smooth" and the other is "interesting", which clearly describes the tone of mother and son. In addition, with the use of authentic figures of speech, it is particularly vivid, catchy and full of charm.

"My mother is old and has long been used to listening to a strong son; My son is still young and is used to listening to the words of a tall father. " "I want to find a way that is satisfactory to both sides, but I can't find it." I want to break up a family and split it into two ways, and neither of them wants what he wants. One is old, the other is small, the other is strong and the other is tall. This repetition of sentence patterns and changes in wording not only make the sentences interesting, but also show the complex psychology of "I" well.

"I squatted down and picked up my mother, and my wife squatted down and picked up my son." "Although my mother is tall, she is thin, so naturally she is not heavy; Although the son is fat, he is young and natural. "This antithesis is common in the article, which constitutes the symmetrical beauty of the sentence pattern and also serves the content of the article. The author stands at the midpoint of life, on the one hand, he is an elder, on the other hand, he is a descendant, and he is also at the node of the life chain. Here, he has a strong sense of responsibility, which also reflects the author's deep love for life and tastes the infinite charm of life.