Tomato from the treatment of seeds, selecting the land and preparing the ground, sowing and planting, etc. to plant, management of the main water and fertilizer management and pruning branches.
1, tomato planting
Treatment of seeds: tomato seeds should be selected good quality, strong resistance, before planting to be soaked in warm water to break the dormancy of the seeds, to promote germination, soaking can also be sterilized.
Selection of land preparation: planting tomatoes is best to choose convenient drainage, light enough land. In order to promote better growth and ensure high yield, it is best to prepare the ground first, clean up the debris in the plot, apply basal fertilizer, but also turn the ground treatment.
Sowing and planting: tomato seeds can be sown after treatment, directly to its seeds evenly spread on the seedbed, sowing should not be too dense. Covered with a thin layer of soil after planting, and very good temperature control and warmth, the temperature is best stabilized between 22-28 ℃, to ensure that the soil is slightly moist, such an environment of about three or four days can be seedlings. When the tomato seedlings grow 3-4 true leaves can be planted, with the soil mass dug out seedlings, planted into the soil, watered thoroughly can be.
2, tomato management
Water and fertilizer management: tomato seedlings during the growth of fertilizer and water demand, found that the soil is dry to water in time to moisturize, but also plowing treatment, prompting the root system to better sprouting. During the growth period, but also diligent application of thin fertilizer to ensure adequate nutrition. Fertilizer to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium composite fertilizer, to avoid prolongation, nutrition is sufficient to promote vigorous growth.
Pruning branches: it is also necessary to prune, with a single stem pruning method or double stem pruning method can be.
Tomato origin and development
Tomato origin centers in the Andean region of South America. In Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and other places still have large areas of wild species distribution. The genus tomato is divided into colored tomato subspecies and green tomato subspecies. The former has a variety of colors when the fruit is ripe, and the latter is green when the fruit is ripe.
The tomato genus consists of the common cultivated species of tomato and cultivated species of tomato and closely related to the composition of several species, largely divided into the common tomato and Peruvian tomato complex of two groups of species. The common tomato group includes: common tomato, fine-leafed tomato, Chishmani tomato, small-flowered tomato and Chimeluskei tomato, hirsute tomato; Peruvian tomato group includes Chilean tomato and Peruvian tomato.
The ancestor of the cultivated tomato is the cherry tomato. Mexico earlier domesticated cultivation, 1523 years, tomatoes from Mexico to Spain, Portugal, around 1550 to Italy, 1575 years successively to Britain and Central Europe, then as an ornamental plant. 18th century for food cultivation. 1768 Miller made the first botanical description of the classification and name. 17th century into the Philippines, and later spread to other Asian countries. Tomatoes cultivated in China were imported from Europe or Southeast Asia.