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What's the difference between vernacular, Cantonese and Hakka?
Vernacular is the common name of Cantonese. Generally speaking, Mandarin and Cantonese can be regarded as the same language. The difference between Cantonese and Hakka dialect is mainly the original elements and the formation process, so the pronunciation of Cantonese and Hakka dialect is very different.

Cantonese is a combination of the elegance of the ancient Central Plains and the ancient Yue language, with complete nine tones and six tones, which retains more features of ancient Chinese. Cantonese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan Chinese family, and its name comes from China's ancient appellation of "Yue" or "Yue" in the south.

Hakka dialect is a unique language of Han Hakkas, which retains part of the pronunciation of She language and ancient Chinese, but it is the product of multi-ethnic and multi-lingual integration. Hakka dialect has a long history. It is generally believed that it was initially shaped in the Southern Song Dynasty, but it was officially named Hakka dialect in the 20th century.

Extended data

Cantonese is mainly used in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong and Macao. It originated from the elegant characters in the ancient Central Plains and spread to Guangdong and Guangxi during the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is a language produced by the integration of local Nanyue ethnic groups. Ancient Chinese, which originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, is the language with the most ancient Chinese elements in China. Cantonese has nine tones, which is more archaic than the four tones in Mandarin.

Hakka dialect is the mother tongue of Han Hakkas (including Hakkas in eastern Guangdong, people from Dongjiang water source, Cantonese in western Guangdong-Guinanya and Cantonese in Sichuan), which is widely distributed in the southeast coast of China, southern and western provinces, northern Hong Kong New Territories, Taiwan Province Province and overseas Hakka immigrant areas (such as Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Europe and America).

Baidu Encyclopedia-Cantonese

Baidu encyclopedia-Hakka dialect