A woman's vagina exudes white mucus, such as nose and saliva, accompanied by systemic or local symptoms, which is called pathological leucorrhea, which is mostly caused by physical weakness or phlegm-dampness, which is equivalent to vaginitis in western medicine, but routine examination of leucorrhea often fails to find pathogenic bacteria. Leucorrhea is a viscous white or colorless liquid flowing from vagina of female mammals. It is made up of secretions from vestibular gland, cervical gland and endometrium, exudate from vaginal mucosa and exfoliated vaginal epithelial cells. Leucorrhea contains lactobacillus, lysozyme and antibody, so it can inhibit the growth of bacteria. During sexual behavior, leucorrhea will increase, which will lubricate the vagina and facilitate sexual life. Generally, leucorrhea increases in the middle period of menstruation, which is thin and transparent; After ovulation, leucorrhea becomes sticky, turbid and less. Leucorrhea increased before menstruation and during pregnancy. Non-primate mammals appear in estrus.

Abnormal leucorrhea is characterized by changes in color, quality and quantity:

① Purulent leucorrhea. Yellow color, foul smell, most seen in trichomonal vaginitis, followed by chronic cervicitis, but also seen in endometritis, uterine cavity pus, vaginal foreign bodies and so on.

② bean dregs-like leucorrhea. Or cheese-like, more common in fungal vaginitis with vulvar itching.

③ bloody leucorrhea. There is blood in leucorrhea, so be alert to cervical cancer and endometrial cancer. Cervical polyp, submucosal uterine myoma, senile vaginitis, band ring, etc. can also be caused.

④ Waterborne leucorrhea. If the quantity is large and watery, endometrial cancer or fallopian tube cancer should be considered first. When you see abnormal leucorrhea, you should know the medical history in detail, check whether there is trichomonas and mold in leucorrhea, carefully check the cervix, uterus and pelvic cavity, and do cervical smear, biopsy or diagnostic curettage if necessary. Appropriate treatment should be given after the cause is clear.

The formation of leucorrhea is closely related to estrogen, so girls before puberty generally have no leucorrhea. After puberty, the ovaries began to develop and secrete estrogen to promote the development of reproductive organs, and then leucorrhea began to appear. In each menstrual cycle, because the secretion of estrogen is more or less, the quality and quantity of leucorrhea also change. Generally, the secretion of estrogen reaches its peak in the middle of two menstrual periods (equivalent to ovulation period), and too much estrogen stimulates the cervical glands to secrete more mucus, so the leucorrhea at this time is large and transparent, sticky like egg white and can be pulled into filaments, and the vulva has a moist feeling. After follicular ovulation, progesterone increases and inhibits the secretion of cervical mucus. At this time, leucorrhea is less and thicker. Within a few days before and after menstrual cramps, due to pelvic congestion, vaginal exudate increased, and leucorrhea was slightly more, because it contained more exfoliated cells, so leucorrhea was turbid. In addition, leucorrhea increases after pregnancy, sexual excitement and sexual intercourse.

After menopause, due to the decline of ovarian function and the lack of estrogen in the body, the vagina becomes dry without leucorrhea.

(1) physiological terms. Refers to the liquid discharged from a woman's vagina. It is a physiological phenomenon. Generally, before and after menstruation or during pregnancy, leucorrhea may be slightly more white, sticky and odorless.

② Name of the disease. Out of the "Thousand Daughters to the Party", Volume 4, "Red leucorrhea collapses and leaks". Also known as Bai Hou. It is a pathological phenomenon. It refers to a kind of disease with a large amount of leucorrhea, which is continuous and abnormal in color, quality and smell. Most of them are caused by spleen deficiency and liver depression, damp-heat betting, pulse failure and unstable pulse. Because of spleen deficiency, leucorrhea is abundant, white and odorless, and the spirit is tired and lazy, and loose stool is less, and his face is yellow and his limbs are cold. Therefore, the treatment should be beneficial to qi and spleen, rising yang and removing dampness, and the decoction should be used. Because of liver depression, leucorrhea is frequent and less, and symptoms such as mental depression, dizziness, chest tightness and breast distension are also seen, it is appropriate to soothe the liver and relieve depression, so modified Xiaoyao Powder can be used. For those who bet on damp heat, the amount they take is foul, and they have symptoms such as pruritus, dizziness and eye swelling. The treatment should be clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and the prescription is Longdan Xiegan Decoction. In addition, deficiency cold, deficiency heat and phlegm-dampness can also cause leucorrhea to increase, which should be treated according to syndrome differentiation.

Abnormal leucorrhea refers to increased secretion or abnormal characteristics (under normal circumstances, vagina and vulva often have a small amount of secretions to keep moist, which is called leucorrhea; It is composed of vaginal mucosa exudate, cervical gland and endometrial secretion, and contains vaginal epithelial exfoliated cells and white blood cells. Normal leucorrhea is white and odorless, and its quantity and quality are related to the changes of physical and physiological conditions. If so, it is called pathological leucorrhea and abnormal leucorrhea.

Leucorrhea is a sticky white liquid that women flow out of vagina. It is composed of secretions from vestibular gland, cervical gland and endometrium, exudate from vaginal mucosa and exfoliated vaginal epithelial cells. Leucorrhea contains lactobacillus, lysozyme and antibody, so it can inhibit the growth of bacteria. During sexual behavior, leucorrhea will increase, which will lubricate the vagina and facilitate sexual life. Generally, leucorrhea increases in the middle period of menstruation, which is thin and transparent; After ovulation, leucorrhea becomes sticky, turbid and less. Leucorrhea increased before menstruation and during pregnancy.

Etiology and pathology

1. Spleen deficiency due to spleen deficiency or eating injury damages the spleen, or phlegm-dampness obstructs the spleen, spleen deficiency produces dampness, and the pulse is missed, resulting in wet and turbid downward flow and abnormal leukorrhagia.

2. Kidney deficiency, kidney deficiency, or frequent sexual intercourse, prolific injury to the kidney, kidney deficiency with unstable pulse and multi-color white.

Diagnostic points

1. According to the leucorrhea, the color is as white as tears and mucus, and there is no fishy smell. Leucorrhea test found no pathogenic bacteria.

2. Distinguish it from bean dregs-like white secretion of fungal vaginitis.

Dialectical classification

1. Spleen deficiency with multicolored white, thin and odorless, pale complexion, fatigue, lack of appetite, or obesity. The fur is thin, the tongue is light and fat, and the pulse is thin.

2. Kidney deficiency with multi-color white as clear as water, backache and knee weakness, dizziness, fatigue, tepid limbs and frequent urination in loose stool. The moss is thin and the pulse is thin.

Typing therapy

1. Treatment of spleen deficiency: strengthen the spleen and promote diuresis to stop leukorrhagia.

Prescription: Wandai Decoction.

Codonopsis pilosula 9 g Atractylodes macrocephala 12 g Dioscorea opposita 15 g Atractylodes rhizome 9 g Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae 6 g Bupleuri Radix 9 g Fried Schizonepeta Herba 6 g Plantaginis 9 g Fried Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g Addition and subtraction: for obese people, Rhizoma Arisaematis Preparata 10 g, Rhizoma Cyperi 9 g and Rhizoma Acori Graminei 9 g are added; Take more, add 30 grams of calcined oysters (fried first).

2. Treatment of kidney deficiency: tonifying kidney, invigorating qi and stopping leukorrhagia.

Prescription: Neibu Pill.

Semen Cuscutae12g of Radix Astragali12g of Tribulus terrestris12g of octopus variabilis10g of cistanche deserticola 9g of roasted oyster 30g (fried first) of Taxilli10g of Euryale ferox/kloc-0.

Chinese patent medicine

1. Wuji Pill, 3g twice a day, swallowed. Used for leukorrhagia due to weakness of spleen and kidney.

2. Guipi Pill is taken twice a day, 3g each time. Used for leukorrhagia due to spleen deficiency.

3. Leucorrhea Pills are taken 3 times a day, 3 grams each time. Used for leukorrhagia due to deficiency syndrome.

Simple prescription

1. 60g of Astragalus membranaceus, old duck 1 piece, boiled in * * *, and taken in batches. Used for spleen-qi deficiency with leukorrhagia.

2. 60 grams of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., 50 grams of Coicis Semen, and a pair of pig kidneys. Cook Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. first, remove the dregs, add Coicis Semen into Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. juice, wash pig kidney, chop it up, cook it together, and drink it in several times.

3. External washing can refer to the washing prescription of vaginitis.

Leucorrhea with blood

After puberty, with the improvement of ovarian function, there will be a milky white or transparent liquid flowing out of the vagina, sometimes slightly more and sometimes less, which has its regularity. This is leucorrhea, which has the function of keeping the vaginal mucosa moist.

Leucorrhea is composed of fluids secreted by many tissues, including mucus secreted by paraurethral glands, vestibular glands, cervical glands and endometrial glands, and exudates from capillaries and lymphatic vessels in the vaginal wall. The mixed mucus contains exfoliated cells of vaginal epithelium and a small amount of white blood cells, which forms leucorrhea.

To evaluate whether leucorrhea is normal, we should observe it from the aspects of quantity, color, texture and smell.

Normal leucorrhea should be milky white or colorless and transparent, slightly fishy or tasteless; Its secretion and texture are affected by the level of estrogen and progesterone in the body, and change periodically with the menstrual cycle.

Generally, leucorrhea after menstrual period is less; Before ovulation, due to the increase of estrogen level in the body, the epithelial cells of cervical glands proliferate, the secretion of cervical mucus increases, the content of sodium chloride in mucus increases, and more water can be absorbed, so that leucorrhea increases during ovulation, the quality is thin, the color is clear, the appearance is like egg white, and silk can be elongated; After ovulation, the level of estrogen gradually decreases, the level of progesterone increases, the secretion of cervical mucus is inhibited, and the content of sodium chloride in mucus also decreases, which makes the leucorrhea at this time thick, milky white, poor ductility and easy to break.

The amount of leucorrhea secretion is closely related to sexual thoughts and sexual life. In the newly-married honeymoon and frequent sexual life, the secretion of leucorrhea will naturally increase. In addition, some physiological phenomena, such as women of childbearing age, pregnancy and oral contraceptives, will increase leucorrhea, which is also related to the changes of estrogen and progesterone levels in the body.

The secretion of leucorrhea in menopausal women is rare and weak. These are normal. Normal.

If leucorrhea is abnormal, such as the increase of leucorrhea for no reason, or accompanied by changes in color, texture and smell, you should be vigilant and go to a regular hospital for examination immediately.

Leucorrhea, like menstruation, is a normal physiological manifestation of women. Some people regard leucorrhea as an obscenity, and some married women regard normal leucorrhea as morbid, feeling anxious and confused, which are unnecessary.

Note: If you are sure that your menstruation is over, but you have blood, you should pay attention to it and go to the hospital for examination immediately! Don't delay!

Bloody leucorrhea, leucorrhea mixed with blood, should be alert to the possibility of malignant tumors such as cervical cancer and endometrial cancer. However, cervical polyps, cervical erosion, submucous myoma, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, urethral caruncle, senile vaginitis and other benign lesions can also lead to bloody leucorrhea, and intrauterine devices cause less bloody leucorrhea.

Unmarried women should first pay attention to personal hygiene, at the same time, they should seek medical treatment in time, find out the cause under the guidance of doctors, and make timely treatment and treatment, so as to achieve early detection, early prevention, early treatment and early recovery, and never blindly abuse drugs.

How is leucorrhea bloodshot?

There are two kinds of leucorrhea with bloodshot, physiological and pathological. Generally speaking, some women will have ovulation bleeding during ovulation, that is, mid-menstrual bleeding, which refers to a small amount of bleeding between two normal menstrual periods, which may be accompanied by varying degrees of minor abdominal pain. If the symptoms are mild and no treatment is needed, those who suffer from excessive bleeding or affect fertility can be treated with drugs.

But bloody leucorrhea, we should also think of the possibility of the following diseases:

(1) Cervical polyp.

(2) Acute vaginitis.

(3) Severe cervical erosion.

(4) Senile vaginitis.

(5) Cervical cancer.

(6) submucous myoma of uterus.

(7) endometrial cancer.

In addition, sometimes due to the intrauterine device, there are some bloodshot in the leucorrhea.

You can come to the hospital for a check-up to see if it is normal bleeding during ovulation or bleeding caused by disease. You can do gynecological examination, colposcopy and other examinations according to the specific situation, and you should actively treat any disease. Generally, after microwave treatment, it is necessary to pay attention to prohibiting sexual intercourse within one month, and pay attention to vulvar hygiene to prevent infection.

Dietary therapy for abnormal leucorrhea

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the causes of this disease are mainly due to spleen deficiency and liver depression, damp-heat betting, or deficiency of kidney qi and loss of the next yuan.

Normal women have a small amount of white and odorless secretions in the vagina. If the secretion is too much or too little, or the color quality is abnormal, accompanied by other symptoms, it is abnormal leucorrhea, which is collectively referred to as leukorrhagia. The most common leukorrhagia is that the amount of leukorrhagia is obviously increased, the color is abnormal, or there is a bad smell, which is called excessive leukorrhagia. Inflammation of various reproductive organs, endocrine dysfunction, submucous myoma of uterus and cervical cancer can all lead to excessive leucorrhea. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the causes of this disease are mainly due to spleen deficiency and liver depression, damp-heat betting, or deficiency of kidney qi and loss of the next yuan. Clinically, there are three common syndrome types: spleen deficiency and dampness excess, kidney qi deficiency and damp-heat downward flow.

Silver flower mung bean porridge

Formula: 20g of honeysuckle, 50g of mung bean and 0/00g of japonica rice/kloc-.

Method: decoct honeysuckle with water to get juice, add mung bean and japonica rice to make porridge, and season with white sugar.

Efficacy: clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing dampness and stopping leukorrhagia.

Usage:/kloc-0 times a day, taken warm.

Poria cocos Plantago porridge

Formula: Poria cocos powder, Semen Plantaginis each 30g, and japonica rice 60g.

Method: wrap the plantain seeds in gauze, decoct them in water for half an hour, remove the dregs to get juice, add japonica rice to cook porridge, and add poria powder and sugar to cook the porridge slightly when it is finished.

Efficacy: diuresis and dampness, clearing away heat and toxic materials.

Usage: Take it twice a day on an empty stomach.

Purslane porridge

Formula: 30 grams of purslane and 60 grams of japonica rice.

Method: Cut Portulaca oleracea into long sections, put it into a pot with japonica rice soil, and add some water to cook porridge.

Efficacy: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, detoxifying and stopping leucorrhea.

Usage: Take it in the morning or evening, daily 1 time.

Cabbage and mung bean drink

Formula: Chinese cabbage rhizome 1 piece, 30g mung bean sprouts.

Method: Wash and slice the roots of Chinese cabbage, put them into a pot together with mung bean sprouts, add appropriate amount of water, bring the pot to a boil over strong fire, and simmer for 15 minutes instead, remove the residue, and then cool it and put it into a pot.

Efficacy: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting diuresis and stopping leukorrhagia.

Usage: Drink frequently instead of tea.

Euryale ferox walnut porridge

Formula: 30g of Gordon Euryale seed powder, 0/5g of walnut meat/kloc-0, and 7 pieces of red dates.

Method: break the walnut meat, remove the core from the red dates, beat the Gordon Euryale seed powder into paste with cold boiled water, put it into boiling water and stir, then add the walnut meat and red dates, cook it into porridge and add sugar to eat.

Efficacy: benefit the temperature and kidney, and stop the belt.

Usage: once a day 1 time, and can be used as a snack for half a month.

Leek porridge

Formula: 50 grams of leek and 50 grams of japonica rice.

Method: Chop the leek, put it into the pot with japonica rice, and add water to the porridge.

Efficacy: tonify kidney, strengthen yang and stop leukorrhagia.

Usage: once a day 1 time, for breakfast, for half a month.

Black chicken and lotus seed cauldron

Raw materials: black-bone chicken 1 piece, 50g mushroom, lotus seed 100g, appropriate amount of bone soup, and cowpea bud 150g.

Production: slaughter black-bone chicken, remove hair, gut, claw, wash, put it in boiling water pot, take it out and chop it into small pieces; Soak mushrooms, remove pedicels, and tear them into pieces for later use.

Put the pressure cooker on high fire, add chicken nuggets, lotus seeds, ginger slices, onion segments, bone soup, refined salt, cooking wine, etc. After aeration, add air pressure 10 minute to cool off, pour into the lit hot pot, add mushrooms to boil, and sprinkle with chicken essence. Add cowpea buds and you can burn all the ingredients.

Black-bone chicken and lotus seeds are delicious and fresh.

Efficacy: Black-bone chicken is sweet in taste, flat in nature, enters the liver and kidney meridians, tonifies the liver and kidney, nourishes yin and qi, and relieves fever and regulates menstruation. Lotus seeds are sweet and astringent, warm and flat, enter the heart, liver and kidney, and have the effects of nourishing the heart and kidney, tonifying the spleen and astringent intestines. Bean tastes sweet. Sexual equality. It has the effects of invigorating spleen and promoting diuresis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, stopping bleeding and quenching thirst, and tonifying five internal organs.

Indications: Excessive leucorrhea, palpitation and insomnia, diabetes, nocturnal emission, spermatorrhea, and moderate metrorrhagia.

Lentil yam porridge

Raw materials: 50g of white lentils, 0/00g of yam/kloc, 0/00g of glutinous rice/kloc and 25g of rock sugar.

Method: wash lentils to remove impurities and cut into powder; Scraping and dicing Huaishan Mountain; Wash the glutinous rice and set aside. After adding water to the pot and boiling, add glutinous rice, lentils and yam to boil until thick, add rock sugar and mix well to serve.

Efficacy: White lentils are sweet in taste, slightly warm in nature, and have the effects of invigorating the spleen, eliminating dampness, diuresis, detumescence, clearing the liver and improving eyesight. Huaishan is sweet in taste and flat in nature, and it belongs to spleen, kidney and lung. Has that function of benefiting qi, nourish yin and tonifying spleen, lung and kidney.

Indications: excessive leucorrhea, diarrhea in the fifth watch, thirst-quenching, etc. (diabetic patients change crystal sugar into honey).

Sam sun chicken soup

Raw materials: black-bone chicken 250g, purslane and beet each 100g.

Method: Wash the chicken, put it in a pot, add a little water and cook it for seven times: Purslane and beet are washed and set aside. Put the wok on high fire, put lard to 90% heat, add chopped green onion and ginger until fragrant, add chicken slices to stir fry and wrinkle, add soy sauce, color cooking wine, sprinkle salt and soup, pour into the pot with high fire, cover and simmer for 10 minute until the chicken pieces are crisp, then turn to high fire, add beet and purslane, and sprinkle chicken essence. Pour in sesame oil. Black-bone chicken and beet are eaten together, the soup is mellow, the chicken is crisp and rotten, and the taste is delicious.

Efficacy: Portulaca oleracea is sour in taste, cold in nature, clear away heat and promote diuresis, stop dysentery and diminish inflammation, and detoxify furuncle, so it has the reputation of "natural antibiotic". Beet is sweet, slightly bitter, cold and slippery, and has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding, stimulating appetite and relieving pain.

Indications: leucorrhea with reddish discharge, enteritis, dysentery and other diseases.

Shuanghua hotpot

Raw materials: 200g of hoof, 5 roses, cockscomb 100g.

Wash the cow's hoof and slice it; Wash roses and cockscomb flowers for later use. Put the pot on a strong fire, put lard to 70% heat, stir-fry ginger slices and garlic, add fresh soup to boil, add cooking wine, add refined salt and chicken essence to boil, then pour them into the lit hot pot to boil, sprinkle pepper, boil cockscomb, pour sesame oil and sprinkle roses to eat all the ingredients.

Double-flowered cow's hoof is crispy, fresh and hot, fragrant and delicious, but not greasy.

Efficacy: Roses are sweet, slightly bitter and warm in smell; Rational qi, blood circulation, convergence, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, etc. Celosia cristata tastes sweet and cool; It has the effects of astringing, stopping bleeding and stopping leukorrhagia.

Indications: leucorrhea with red and white discharge, menorrhagia of women, etc.

Mycotic vaginitis: leucorrhea is yellow or white, most of which are sticky and sometimes thin, and the typical leucorrhea is bean curd residue-like or milky lump;

Trichomonal vaginitis: leucorrhea is thin pus-like, yellow with foam, or like rice swill, gray in color and smelly in leucorrhea;

Cervical erosion: When cervical erosion occurs, leucorrhea is generally yellow, sticky as pus and tasteless;

Clinically common pathological leucorrhea:

1. Colorless, transparent and sticky leucorrhea: it is egg white-like, and its properties are similar to the mucus secreted by cervical glands during ovulation, but the amount is significantly increased. Generally, the possibility of diseases such as chronic endocarditis, ovarian dysfunction, vaginal adenopathy or cervical well-differentiated adenocarcinoma should be considered.

2. White or grayish yellow foamy leucorrhea: It is the characteristic of trichomonas vaginitis and may be accompanied by vulvar itching.

3. Curly leucorrhea: characterized by candidal vaginitis, often accompanied by severe vulvar itching or burning pain.

4. Gray homogeneous fishy leucorrhea: common in bacterial vaginosis.

5. Purulent leucorrhea: yellow or yellow-green, sticky and smelly, which can be caused by acute vaginitis, cervicitis and cervicitis caused by trichomonas or gonorrhoeae. Empyema in uterine cavity, cervical cancer, vaginal cancer or residual foreign bodies in vagina can also lead to purulent leucorrhea.

6. bloody leucorrhea: leucorrhea mixed with blood, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical polyp or submucosal myoma should be considered. Placement of intrauterine devices can also cause bloody leucorrhea.

7. Water-like leucorrhea: continuous outflow of rice-like leucorrhea, and those with strange odor are generally advanced cervical cancer, vaginal cancer or submucosal myoma with infection. Paroxysmal discharge of yellow or red watery leucorrhea should pay attention to the possibility of tubal cancer.

What abnormal conditions need treatment?

Moderator: What are the abnormal conditions that need treatment, like the routine examination of leucorrhea?

Tian Hui: All the above mentioned cases are abnormal and need treatment. There are also several kinds of leucorrhea we mentioned just now, and there is also a bloody leucorrhea. This one is bleeding caused by cervical erosion, and there is a problem with the cervical canal. For example, cancer of glandular cervical canal can also have bloody leucorrhea, submucous myoma of cervical canal and hysteromyoma of cervical canal can also cause bloody leucorrhea and bleeding, and cervical polyps can also have bloody leucorrhea. But with this situation, I can't judge myself. I have to go to the hospital to check it out and see what causes it, and then treat and deal with it according to the specific situation.

Can I use common drugs by myself?

Moderator: Some netizens have a history of cervical or vaginal lesions. Does she usually find abnormal leucorrhea and treat it at home with some commonly used drugs?

Tian Hui: Yes, that is, all the drugs used before can be used under the guidance of a doctor.

Why is the increase of pus cells?

Moderator: Some netizens said that I went to the hospital for routine tests, and as a result, pus cells increased. What is my problem?

Tian Hui: The pus cells she mentioned are inflammatory cells, which belong to the general inflammation, not the fungal infection mentioned just now. The general inflammation is the increase of white blood cells and pus cells. Just use some conventional anti-inflammatory drugs, vaginal suppository, wash it, and take some anti-inflammatory drugs.

Is leucorrhea abnormal medication for external use or oral use?

Moderator: Some netizens said that abnormal leucorrhea is generally a topical drug or an oral drug?

Tian Hui: Generally speaking, it is mainly for external use. Sometimes the dosage of oral medicine is relatively large, but it is difficult to reach the vagina. It is better to use it locally.

Moderator: Another netizen said that she had seen it before, saying that mycotic vaginitis can be taken orally with Dafukang. She said that people without other diseases can eat it?

Tian Hui: Yes, generally there is no liver and kidney damage. Anyone with normal liver function and kidney function can eat it. If there is liver and kidney function damage, try not to use it or use it with caution.

Supplement:

1. Trichomonas vaginitis

2. Mycotic vaginitis

3. Nonspecific vaginitis

4. Senile vaginitis

Leucorrhea, that is, vaginal discharge, is a mixture of various substances from different parts of the female reproductive tract, which consists of two parts: liquid component and cell component. The main liquid components are exudate from vaginal wall, mucus secreted by cervical canal and a small amount of mucus secreted by vestibular gland, sweat gland and sebaceous gland of vulva. The main cellular components are vaginal squamous epithelial cells, a small number of columnar epithelial cells of cervical canal, and various bacteria parasitic in vagina.

Experts say that normal leucorrhea is white, flocculent, highly viscous, does not adhere to the vaginal wall, mostly deposited in the posterior fornix, and has no foul smell. Abnormal leucorrhea, such as increased leucorrhea, changes in multi-dimensional characteristics and viscosity, and foul smell, reveals the existence of vaginitis. The common clinical vaginitis includes trichomonal vaginitis, fungal vaginitis, nonspecific vaginitis, senile vaginitis, etc. Their clinical characteristics are abnormal leucorrhea, vulvar itching, burning pain, sexual pain and so on.

1. Trichomonas vaginitis

Trichomonas vaginitis is the most common vaginitis, which is caused by trichomonas vaginalis infection. Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic parasitic protozoa, which is often parasitic in urogenital tract. Women mainly exist in vagina, but also in urethra, paraurethral gland, bladder and other parts. Men often parasitize in urethra, prostate and other parts. The transmission of trichomonal vaginitis is indirect, that is, through baths, tubs, bath towels, swimming pools, toilets, clothes, medical equipment, dressings and so on.

The main clinical manifestations of trichomonal vaginitis are increased leucorrhea, pruritus, burning or pain in vulva and penis. Typical leucorrhea is yellow-green, foamy, thin and smelly. When inflammation invades the urethra, there may be symptoms of urgency and frequent urination.

Director Li Lei pointed out that the treatment of trichomonal vaginitis includes local treatment and systemic treatment. At present, systemic treatment is the main treatment, and the usage is metronidazole orally, 200 ~ 250 mg each time, three times a day, 7 ~10 days as a course of treatment, and 2 ~ 3 courses of treatment in succession. For intractable trichomonal vaginitis, local vaginal treatment can be carried out at the same time as systemic treatment, that is, metronidazole (or metronidazole or diweijing) is inserted into the posterior fornix of vagina once a day or every other day, and 1 0 is a course of treatment. Wash vagina with 0.5%- 1% acetic acid or lactic acid or 1∶5000 potassium permanganate solution before administration. Metronidazole can cause fetal malformation, so pregnant women are prohibited.

2. Mycotic vaginitis

Mycotic vaginitis is one of the common colpitis, which is often caused by candida albicans infection, and is more common in pregnant women and diabetic patients. Long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can make the normal flora of vagina out of balance, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of mold. Patients taking corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs and autoimmune diseases are prone to this disease, and patients with vitamin B6 deficiency and chronic wasting diseases are prone to this disease. Young women wearing tight nylon pants can increase the humidity and temperature of perineum, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of mold.

The main symptoms of fungal vaginitis are increased leucorrhea and pruritus vulvae, often accompanied by local burning sensation. Typical leucorrhea is curd-like (bean curd residue-like) or slightly yellow, slightly smelly, and closely adheres to vaginal mucosa.

3. Nonspecific vaginitis

Nonspecific vaginitis is a mixed bacterial infection, which is common in postpartum, abortion and pelvic inflammatory disease.

The main symptoms of nonspecific vaginitis are increased leucorrhea, local falling sensation, vaginal itching or burning sensation. Typical leucorrhea is grayish white, thin and uniform, with low viscosity, sometimes foam, accompanied by an unpleasant smell, which is aggravated during sexual intercourse.

4. Senile vaginitis

It is more common in elderly women who have been menopausal for many years. Postmenopausal ovarian function decline, endogenous estrogen deficiency, genital atrophy, vaginal epithelium thinning, local resistance weakening, pathogenic bacteria easy to reproduce and cause inflammation.

The important symptom of senile vaginitis is the increase of leucorrhea, which is often accompanied by swelling sensation in the lower abdomen and vagina and burning sensation in the vagina. The typical leucorrhea is light yellow watery or purulent, smelly and often mixed with a small amount of blood.

Leucorrhea, or vaginal discharge, is a mixture of vaginal mucosa exudate, cervical gland secretion and endometrial gland secretion, which contains vaginal epithelial exfoliated cells, white blood cells and some non-pathogenic bacteria. Under normal circumstances, the quality and quantity of vaginal discharge vary with menstrual cycle. After menstruation, vaginal discharge is small, white and mushy. When the ovary is about to ovulate in the middle period of menstruation, due to the exuberant secretion of cervical glands, leucorrhea increases, which is transparent and slightly sticky like egg white. After ovulation for 2-3 days, vaginal discharge becomes turbid, thick and sticky, and the amount is small. Before and after menstruation, due to pelvic congestion, vaginal mucosal exudate increases, and leucorrhea often increases.

If the color, quality and quantity of leucorrhea change abnormally, it is called leucorrhea abnormality. There are always reasons for abnormal leucorrhea, and the abnormal leucorrhea caused by different diseases is also different:

1, colorless and transparent mucinous leucorrhea: the appearance is similar to the normal leucorrhea during ovulation, but it is only in a large amount, which is common after the application of estrogen drugs.

2, purulent leucorrhea: yellow or yellow-green, such as purulent, smelly. Caused by infection, it is common in vaginitis, vaginitis, trichomonal vaginitis, chronic cervicitis, endometritis and so on.

3, bean curd residue-like leucorrhea: it is the characteristic of fungal vaginitis.

4, bloody leucorrhea: if leucorrhea is stained with blood, you should be alert to malignant tumors such as cervical cancer and uterine body cancer. However, senile vaginitis, cervical polyps, severe chronic cervicitis, intrauterine devices, submucous uterine fibroids and other benign lesions can also have this symptom.

5, purulent leucorrhea: it is the characteristic of amebic vaginitis.

6, yellow watery leucorrhea: mostly caused by pathological tissue necrosis, common in submucosal uterine fibroids, cervical cancer, tubal cancer and so on.

Treating leucorrhea with traditional Chinese medicine has a good effect of preventing recurrence.