1 character identification

1. 1 Smilacis Glabrae rhizome is slightly cylindrical, slightly flat or irregular nodular, with short branches, 5-2~5cm long and 2-5 cm in diameter. The surface is yellowish brown to earthy brown, uneven, with hard fibrous root residues, irregular cracks on the skin, and residual scales. Hard, hard to break.

1.2 The rhizome of Smilax glabra is irregular, with a length of 10~30cm and a diameter of 5~8cm. The surface is yellow-brown, rough, with hard residues of fibrous roots, hard and difficult to break.

1.3 The rhizome of Smilax glabra is cylindrical, slightly curved, irregular nodular and concave, with a length of 8~ 18cm and a diameter of 2~4cm. The surface is purplish brown to grayish brown, slightly shiny, and there are thick bumps in the swollen nodules, which are hard and difficult to break.

1.4 Comparison of the characteristics of Smilax glabra, Smilax glabra and Smilax glabra.

See table 1.

2 Comparison of microscopic characteristics of Smilax glabra, Smilax glabra and Smilax glabra.

See Table 2.

3 powder feature key table

1.The powder is reddish or reddish brown.

2. The pores and grooves of stone cells are obvious, and they are branched …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The pores and grooves of stone cells are not branched.

3. Starch granules are large, with a diameter of about 50? Zi m, the layering is not obvious ...1.Smilax glabra

4. Lamellar lines and umbilical points are not obvious …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 water test identification

Take 1~2 pieces of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, white Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae and red Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, and soak them with water, and the Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae will feel sticky and slippery. White Smilax glabra and red Smilax glabra have no sticky feeling.

5 Physical and chemical identification

5. 1 Check Saponins Take Smilax glabra, Smilax glabra and Smilax glabra powder each 1g, add water 10ml, heat in a water bath at 60o/c for10min, filter, and take the filtrate as the test sample.

5. 1. 1 Smilax glabra Take 2ml of the above filtrate and put it in a test tube with a plug, and shake it vigorously for 1 min, which will produce a large number of honeycomb foams, but the foams will not decrease obviously after standing for a long time.

5. 1.2 white Smilax glabra Take 2ml of the above filtrate and put it in a test tube with a plug, and shake it vigorously for 1 min, which will produce honeycomb foam, and the foam will be obviously reduced after standing for a long time.

5. 1.3 Red Smilax glabra Take 2ml of the above filtrate and put it in a test tube with a plug, and shake it vigorously for 1 min, which will produce a large number of honeycomb foams, but the foams will not decrease obviously after standing for a long time.

5.2 Qualitative analysis

5.2. 1 Smilax glabra Take 2ml of the above filtrate, put it in a test tube, evaporate it, add 0.5ml of acetic anhydride, and then add concentrated sulfuric acid along the tube wall. The interface between the two nights is purplish red.

5.2.2 White Smilax glabra take 2ml of the above filtrate and put it in a test tube to dry, add 0.5ml of acetic anhydride, and then add concentrated sulfuric acid along the tube wall, and the interface between the two nights is light brown.

5.2.3 Red Smilax glabra takes 2ml of the above filtrate and puts it in a test tube to dry, then adds 0.5ml of acetic anhydride, and then adds concentrated sulfuric acid along the tube wall. The interface between the two nights is dark brown.

6 discussion and summary

For a long time, in some areas, Smilax China, Smilax China and Smilax China have been used as medicine, with high probability and severe situation. According to relevant literature reports, red Smilax glabra and white Smilax glabra have similar effects, but their application ranges are different. White Smilax glabra and red Smilax glabra have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing dampness and reducing swelling, and are used for rheumatism, joint pain, traumatic injury and gastroenteritis [2]. In addition to clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing dampness and swelling, and dredging joints, Smilax glabra is also used to treat limb contracture caused by damp-heat strangulation, carbuncle, scabies, syphilis, acute bacillary dysentery, mercury poisoning [1], leptospira, liver cancer and so on, which has certain curative effects. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of drug use, red Smilax glabra and white Smilax glabra cannot be called Smilax glabra, and these three kinds of medicinal materials should be accurately distinguished in application. Do not mix Smilax glabra and Smilax glabra.