When is mustard planted
Mustard open field cultivation in the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Huaihuai areas in the spring and fall can be carried out, but generally autumn sowing is the main, from late July to October can be successively sown, from mid-September to the end of the next year in March harvest, but the highest yield of the August sowing
If the sowing is too early, the weather is hot and dry, heavy rainfall, will lead to difficulties in emergence of the seedlings, the need to cover with a shade net. Covering with shade netting is required. If sown too late, it will encounter cold spells when there are 2~3 true leaves and will be easily frozen. In addition, spring sowing can be cultivated in solarium or plastic greenhouse, early or delayed market.
How to plant mustard seeds
Mustard seeds are relatively small, and it is important to level the land, thin it out, pick out weeds and trash, and build deep beds and raised beds for easy irrigation and drainage. The width of the beds is usually 2.5 m. The amount of seed sown per mu in spring is 1.5 to 2 kilograms, and 2 to 3 kilograms in fall.
Spreading is generally used, but it should be even. After sowing, tread lightly on the bed with your feet, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil, so that the seeds absorb water and emerge early. For example, if new seeds collected in the current year are used for sowing, they should be placed in an environment of 2 to 7 to germinate before sowing because the seeds are not out of dormancy.
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Mustard seed tube technology
1. Timely planting
Mustard is widely adaptable to the soil, but in order to get a high yield, you must choose the sandy loam soil previously used for rice, apply sufficient basal fertilizer, planted in beds, double rows of planting, plant spacing of 4050 cm. Late-maturing varieties should be properly inter-planted and kept at a certain distance. Mustard is very slow to root. Transplanting should take as much soil as possible to avoid injuring the roots, so that the roots do not bend in the ground, to improve the survival rate.
2. Fertilizer
Mustard seedlings generally emerge in 3 to 4 days after autumn sowing, and spring sowing mustard seedlings generally emerge in 6 to 15 days. When mustard seedlings have two true leaves, the first fertilizer should be carried out, with 0.3{BF} urea solution 1000 kg per mu, the second fertilizer should be carried out 7-10 days before harvest, each time after harvest fertilizer.
3. Watering
Mustard seeds are small and easily affected by soil moisture. Pay attention to watering before the emergence of seedlings, watering time should be in the morning and evening. Master the principle of light watering, diligent watering, you can not immediately give it a thorough watering.
4. Weeding
Mustard plants are short and usually sown. Weeds will be mixed with mustard, so weeding will be difficult and labor intensive. Weeds should be pulled in conjunction with harvesting at this time.
5. Disease control
Mustard has very few invasive diseases, mainly viral diseases on leaf mustard, mostly spread by aphids during the hot, dry seedling stage and the pre-growth period after planting. For complete control, spray every 7 to 10 days or so and drench promptly. Keeping the soil moist and reducing the weather is also useful. Apart from aphids, there are also yellow fleas, which mainly damage the roots of mustard. Pesticides such as phoxim should be sprayed when found.
6. Real-time harvesting
Mustard greens are harvested in several harvests. Each harvest should be large and small, and the plants picked should be even and suitable. Early fall sowing of capers can be harvested when the true leaves are about 10~13 pieces, usually 30~35 days after sowing, and then harvested in 4~5 times until the end of March of the following year. capers sown in early October need 45~60 days to harvest, while capers sown in late February and April