As the name suggests it northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi, southern Shaanxi mountains, the Qinba Mountains Guanzhong, Shaanxi, the northern foothills of the Qinling Wei River alluvial plain Shaanxi is located inland in the mid-latitude zone, the formation of a significant continental monsoon climate.
From north to south across the temperate, warm temperate and northern subtropical climate zones. Winters are dry and cold, with little rain or snow; summers are hot and humid, with more rain; springs are drought-prone; and autumns are flooded.
The average annual temperature is 8.9-12.3 degrees Celsius, with a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. The average annual precipitation is between 555.8-709.3 millimeters.
It is a temperate semi-arid region with loess and loess soils, and sparse vegetation, mostly drought-resistant plants. The rich coal resources have given rise to many resource-oriented cities.
Transportation is relatively developed, with a network of railroads. In recent years, the exploitation of mineral resources in the country has resulted in a shortage of resources and shrinking cities.
Environmental degradation, people and land conflicts.
2. What are the geomorphological features of Shaanxi Province
The general characteristics of Shaanxi's terrain is high in the north and south, low in the middle, the terrain is tilted significantly from west to east, the northern mountains and the Qinling Mountains Shaanxi is divided into three natural regions: the northern Shaanxi plateau in the north, the Guanzhong Plain in the middle, and the Qinba mountainous region in the south.
The Shaanxi Northern Loess Plateau is 800?1300 meters above sea level, accounting for about 45% of the total area of the province. Its northern part is a wind and sand area, and the southern part is a hilly and gully area.
After 50 years of construction, the northern Shaanxi protective forest system, ecological agriculture, desert oasis have made remarkable achievements. Animal husbandry is more developed, and coal, oil and natural gas reserves are abundant.
Guanzhong Plain from Baoji in the west to Tongguan in the east, the average elevation of 520 meters. It is 360 kilometers long from east to west, covering about 19% of the total land area of the province.
The basic landform types are river terraces and loess plateaus. The Wei River crosses the basin into the Yellow River, and the river terrain is low and flat, with an elevation of 326?600 meters.
From the Weihe River trough to the south, north and south, the terrain is asymmetrically stepped up, from the first and second level of river alluvial terraces to the first or second level of loess plateau 200?500 meters above the Weihe River. The terraces are continuous on the north bank and fragmented on the south bank.
The major tributaries of the Wei River also have corresponding multi-level terraces. The broad terrace plain is the most fertile zone in Guanzhong.
Between the secondary terraces on the north bank of the Wei River and the northern Shaanxi plateau, there is a loess plateau extending east to west in the northern Wei River, with a vast loess plateau, generally 460?800 meters above sea level, which is the main grain-producing area in Guanzhong. The loess plateau on the south side of the Weihe River is intermittently distributed, about 250?400 meters above the Weihe River, in the form of a stepped or tilted shield, tilting gently from the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains to the Weihe River Plain.
The Qinba mountainous area in southern Shaanxi includes the Qinling Mountains, the Ba Mountains, and the Han River valley, accounting for about 36% of the total land area of the province. The Qinling is 400-500 km long from east to west and about 300 km wide from north to south in Shaanxi Province, with an elevation of 1500?2000 meters.
The Qinba Mountain area is a treasure trove of forest specialties, and the Hanjiang River Valley is rich in soil and products. Shaanxi's complex and varied topography and geomorphology, breeding thousands of species and the world's treasures, known as the Museum of Nature, a "small China" said.
3. Knowledge of Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi is located in the hinterland of China's inland, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, in the latitude of 31 degrees 43 minutes -39 degrees 34 minutes and longitude of 105 degrees 29 minutes -111 degrees 14 minutes between the latitude of 7 degrees 51 minutes, the longitude of 5 degrees 45 minutes. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200-500 kilometers wide from east to west, resembling the shape of a bag, with an area of 205,603 square kilometers, accounting for about 2.14% of the country's total land area. The capital city of Xi'an has an area of 9,983 square kilometers, of which 881 square kilometers are urban areas.
Administrative divisions: the capital city of Xi'an. At the end of 1994, the province **** set up five regions, five prefectural-level cities, eight county-level cities, 84 counties. (Note: See "Administrative divisions and changes in Shaanxi Province" for details.)
Shaanxi is located in China's mid-latitude zone, spanning temperate, warm-temperate and northern subtropical heat zones, making it the most complex province in China in terms of natural zone structure. Geographically, Shaanxi is a province to the east and south of the middle reaches of the Yellow River. more than 60% of the area is located in the Yellow River basin, so Shaanxi has always been recognized as one of the provinces in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Shaanxi's geographic location inland makes it play the role of a transition zone between China's humid region in the southeast and the arid region in the northwest, from the forested region in the east to the grassland and desert region in the northwest, and from the agricultural region in the east to the agricultural and pastoral region in the northwest.
As the strategic focus of China's economic development gradually shifts from east to west, Shaanxi will be in an important position to carry on the east and start the west.
The general character of Shaanxi's landscape is high in the south and north and low in the center. The province has the Qinling Mountains, Qiaoshan across the east and west, the territory is divided into the north of Shaanxi, Guanzhong, south of Shaanxi three major natural regions. From the south to the north, in order by the mountains, Sichuan, loess composition, geomorphological zoning obvious, complex types. Located in fengxiang, tongchuan, hancheng line to the north is the famous loess layer covered by the northern shaanxi plateau, the altitude is generally 800-1300 meters, accounting for about 45% of the province's total land area, the basic types of geomorphology loess plateau, beams, mounts, ditches, gully, rocky mountains and river valleys, the great wall along the line to the north is the wind and sandy terrain, belonging to the mauwuosu desert, rich in coal resources, the pastoral industry is more developed. Guanzhong Plain from Tongguan in the east to Baoji in the west, east-west length of more than 300 kilometers, about 30-80 kilometers wide, generally 325-800 meters above sea level, accounting for about 19% of the province's total land area, known as the "800 miles of Qinchuan," fertile soil, agricultural products are rich. The basic landforms are river terraces and loess plateaus. Southern Shaanxi includes the Qinling Mountains, the Daba Mountains and the Hanshui Valley, which is sandwiched between the two mountains. The altitude is generally between 1,200 and 2,500 meters, accounting for about 36% of the province's total land area, and is a treasure trove of Shaanxi's agricultural and forestry specialties and mineral resources. The Qinling Mountain is the main watershed between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, and is the main demarcation line between the south and the north of China; the main peak is Mount Taibai, with many hot springs spreading on the northern slopes, the famous Lixian Mountain Springs, as well as the Western Mount Hua, with its thousands of feet of broken cliffs, majestic, and treacherous. Daba Mountain is the boundary mountain of Hanzhong and Sichuan basins. The basic landform types are various types of mountains, river valley landforms and numerous intermountain tectonic basins.
The mountain ranges in Shaanxi can be divided into two main types, east-west and north-south, according to their direction. The east-west mountain range is dominated by the Hengshan Mountains, the Qinling Mountains and the Daba Mountains; the north-south mountain range is mainly distributed in the Loess Plateau north of the Guanzhong Plain, including the Meridian Ridge, the Huanglong Mountains and the Longshan Mountains, etc. There are many nationally recognized mountains in the Qinling Mountains, including the Huanglong Mountains and the Longshan Mountains. The Qinling Mountains are home to many nationally famous peaks, such as Mount Huashan, as well as Mount Taibai, Mount Zhongnan, and Mount Li.
Mount Taibai is located on the border of Taibai and Zhouzhi counties, with an elevation of 3,767 meters, the highest peak in the province. Huashan in Huayin County, south of the city, on the shore of the Weishui River, 2160 meters above sea level, the peaks of the group, known as the risk, is China's famous "five mountains" in the highest mountain, also known as the West Mountain Huashan.
Shaanxi's rivers, in addition to the Yellow River through the eastern part of the province, the main Wei River, Han Shui, Jing River, Luo River, Yan River, Wuding River, Jialing River, Danjiang River, Cave Wild River and so on. There are 583 rivers with a watershed area of 100 square kilometers or more in the province. The Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River, with a length of 757 kilometers, and is also the main river in the province. It originates from Bird Mouse Mountain in Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, and flows through the Guanzhong Plain to Tongguan, where it injects into the Yellow River. Hanshui is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1,532 kilometers, originating from Ningqiang County at the ends of the Micang Mountains in this province, flowing through the Qinba Mountains and injecting into the Yangtze River at Wuhan City in Hubei Province.
There are few lakes in Shaanxi, only in the northern Shaanxi sandy grassy beach area there are more than 300 "sea", the water surface of nearly 90 square kilometers, the largest of which is the red alkali nao Shenmu County, an area of nearly 67 square kilometers, water depth of 8-10 meters.
4. Shaanxi Province, geographic location, terrain characteristics, Hukou Falls introduction to streamline a little, not too long.
It is located between 105°29′ and 110°15′ east longitude and 31°42′ and 39°35′ north latitude, with a long north-south and a narrow east-west, about 880 kilometers long in the north-south and 160~490 kilometers wide in the east-west. The province spans the Yellow River and Yangtze River, is the center of the Asian section of the Second Asia-Europe Continental Bridge and the gateway between Northwest China, Southwest China, North China and Central China, and is bordered by eight provinces, municipalities and districts, namely Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, which is the province with the largest number of neighboring provinces and districts in the country, and it has the advantage of bearing the east and starting the west, and connecting the north and south. Shaanxi is the only province in China that truly spans north and south. The topography of Shaanxi is characterized by a high level in the north and south and a low level in the center. At the same time, the terrain slopes from west to east. The Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi is 800 to 1,300 meters above sea level, accounting for about 45% of the province's total area. The northern part of the plateau is a sandy and windy area, and the southern part is a hilly and gully area. The complex and varied climatic characteristics and topography of the plateau have given rise to thousands of species and world treasures, making it a natural museum and a "small China". Hukou Waterfall is a famous waterfall on the Yellow River in China. It is located in the western part of Jixian County, Shanxi Province, under the slope of Nancun. The Yellow River here on both sides of the rocky cliffs, the mouth of the river closed narrow as the mouth of the pot, so the name. The waterfall has a drop of 9 meters and is rich in hydraulic resources. Hukou Waterfall is a natural waterfall formed when the Yellow River flows through the Grand Canyon of Jin-Shaan in the middle reaches of the river. It is located in the west of Yichuan County, Shaanxi Province, and in the east of Jixian County, Shanxi Province, about 25 kilometers southwest of Jixian City, Shanxi Province. The waterfall is 30 meters wide and 50 meters deep, with a maximum waterfall surface of 30,000 square meters. It is the second largest waterfall in China after Huangguoshu Falls in Guizhou Province .
5. General Knowledge of Human Geography and History of Xi'an, Shaanxi
Xi'an is located in the Guanzhong Basin in the central part of the Weihe River Basin, bordered by the Weihe River and the Loess Plateau in the north and the Qinling Mountains in the south. It is bounded on the east by the Zero River and the Ba Yuan Mountains, and on the west by the Taibai Mountains and the Qinghua Loess Plateau, and its jurisdiction is about 204 kilometers long from east to west and 116 kilometers wide from north to south. As of 2016, Xi'an covers an area of 9,983 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 1,066 square kilometers.
The geology of Xi'an spans both the Qinling Trough Fold Belt and the North China Plateau units. About 130 million years ago, during the Yanshan Movement, the Qinling North Fault was created across the city. Since the late Tertiary Period, about 3 million years ago, the new tectonic movement in the Qinling Trough Fold Belt to the south of the Fault has been extremely active, with the mountains tilting to the north and pitching to the south to descend and rise dramatically, resulting in the Qinling Mountain Range.
The difference in elevation within the city of Xi'an is one of the highest in the country. The Qinling Mountains and the Weihe Plain, with their towering and steep peaks, and the open and spacious Weihe Plain, form the main part of Xi'an's geomorphology.
Popular in Shaanxi and other places in the northwest of the Qinqiang, also known as chaobang, also known as "bang bang cavity", is the four major voices of Chinese opera in the oldest, richest, most massive voice system. Circulated in the hometown of Hu County Zhong Kui dance jumping Zhong Kui, is a living fossil of Chinese opera dance, Nuo is the originator of Chinese medicine.
Xi'an is the first batch of China's outstanding tourist cities, cultural heritage with high resource density, good preservation, high level, in the China Tourism Resources Census of 155 basic types, Xi'an tourism resources occupy 89.
Xi'an is surrounded by 72 tombs of emperors and kings, including the tomb of Qin Shi Huang, the "First Emperor of the Ancient World", the ruins of the four major cities of the Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang dynasties, 11 tombs of the Western Han emperors and 18 tombs of Tang emperors, and more than 700 ancient buildings such as large and small Wild Goose Pagodas, Bell and Drum Towers, and the Old City Wall.
Expanded Information:
Xi'an is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation, and more than ten dynasties have built their capitals here in history. The city of Feng-hao, the A-fang Palace and Terracotta Warriors of Qin, the Weiyang Palace and Changle Palace of Han, the Daxing City of Sui, and the Daming Palace and Xingqing Palace of Tang outline the "Chang'an Complex".
Xi'an is one of the best tourist destinations in China and one of the cities with the best international image in China, and two of its six sites are inscribed on the World Heritage List: the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin Shi Huang and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Small Wild Goose Pagoda, the Ruins of Daminggong in the Tang Dynasty, the Ruins of Weiyanggong in the Han Dynasty, and the Tower of Xingjiao Temple.
There are other attractions such as Xi'an City Wall, Bell and Drum Towers, Huaqing Pond, Zhanshan Mountain, Datang Hibiscus Garden, Shaanxi History Museum, and the Forest of Stelae.
Search Engine Encyclopedia - Xi'an
6. High school regional geography (Chinese geography) knowledge comb
I. China's boundaries (1) location hemispheric location: the Eastern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere land and sea location: eastern Asia, the west coast of the Pacific Ocean (2) boundaries North: north of Mohe north of the Heilongjiang River centerline of the main channel across the latitude of nearly 50 degrees South: the Spratly Islands, the Zengmu dark sand north-south distance of 5,500 km East: the Heilongjiang River, the main channel centerline across the latitude of 50 degrees South: the Spratly Islands, Zengmu dark sand north-south distance 5,500 km East: the intersection of the Heilongjiang River and the center of the main channel of the Ussuri River across the longitude of more than 60 degrees West: the Pamir Plateau in Xinjiang 5 time zones apart 5,000 km land area: 9.6 million square kilometers, second to Russia, Canada, ranking third in the world, five zones: most of the temperate zones, a small portion of the tropics, there is no frigid zones. Bohai Sea and the Qiongzhou Strait mainland coastline is 18,000 km long, from the mouth of the Yalu River (China-Korea border river) to the mouth of the Beilun River (China-Vietnam border river) Taiwan Island, Haiti Island, Zhoushan Islands, South China Sea islands and other more than 6,000 land and sea location of the superiority of the east by the monsoon, conducive to agricultural production, the coast is convenient for the development of the maritime business with overseas countries, the western land transportation can be with Central Asia, Western Asia and Europe direct communication (4) land borders and neighboring countries land borders: 20,000 km long East: North Korea North: Russia, Mongolia, Northwest: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, West: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Southwest: India, Nepal, Bhutan, South: Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, East: South Korea, Japan, Southeast: the Philippines, South: Malaysia, Indonesia, two, administrative divisions (1) the three levels of administrative division: provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), counties (autonomous regions), districts (municipalities), counties (municipalities), counties (municipalities), counties (autonomous regions), counties (autonomous regions), municipalities), counties (autonomous counties, cities), townships (towns); Special Administrative Regions: Hong Kong and Macao Annex 1: China's neighboring countries memory of fifteen neighboring countries land ring North Korea, Russia and Mongolia Haji Tower Afghanistan India Nepal Myanmar Lao South across the sea six countries to be remembered in full Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Japan and South Korea Annex 2: China's provincial administrative centers, the name of the abbreviation and the administrative center (the space at the students to fill in their own) Name Abbreviation Administrative Center Region Name Abbreviation Administrative Center Center Region Black Northeastern Region Xiang Central and Southern Region Ji E Liao Yue Jin Northern Region Gui Inner Mongolia Qiong Beijing Yu Jin Sichuan or Shu Southwestern Region 冀 云或滇 沪 Eastern China Gui or Qian Su 藏 Zhe 渝 Gan 陕 Gan or Qin Northwestern Region Lu 甘或陇 皖 宁 闽 青 台 Taipei New Hong Kong Hong Kong Macau Macao Attachment 3: Songs of China's Provincial Administrations The three Northeastern provinces of Heilongjiang and Jiliao are in the easternmost latitude; the North China province of Shanxi and Inner Mongolia is in the north of China, and outside of Beijing and Tianjin the Hebei province is in the north of the country; the six Eastern provinces of Shanghai are in the east of China, and in the south of the country there are three provinces, namely Sanyang, Lu and Wan. Fujian and Taiwan; five provinces in the South plus one area, two lakes and two broad south to; southwest three provinces and one district city, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet and Chongqing; Northwest three provinces plus two areas, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang and good. Third, China's population distribution and ethnicity (1) 2000 China's total population: 1.295 billion, the average population density: 135 people / Km? (2) the population distribution is very uneven Eastern population, population density; western population is small, population density is small. Population density line: Heihe in Heilongjiang to Tengchong in Yunnan. Population density line southeast - 43% of the area, 94% of the population (3) the proportion of the rural population is large, the proportion of the urban population is small urban development policy: strict control of the size of large cities, the rational development of small and medium-sized cities, the construction of new townships, the organic combination of large and small cities, the urban and rural population rational layout. (4) Overseas Chinese (Chinese nationality or dual nationality) and Chinese overseas Chinese hometowns : Guangdong, Fujian (5) the basic national policy: control the number of population, improve the quality of population China's need to implement family planning analysis: four, China's nationalities (1) distribution: China's ethnic distribution of China's ethnic minorities are mainly located in the southwestern, northwestern and northeastern regions . Yunnan Province, Guizhou Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Xinjiang *** Er Autonomous Region, etc. is China's ethnic minorities inhabited provinces and regions. (2) Distribution characteristics: small settlements, large mixed settlements (3) The most populous minority: the Zhuang, with a population of more than 4 million people, there are eight other: Manchu, Hui, Miao, ***er, Yi, Tujia, Mongolia, Tibet. (4) minority festivals: Dai - Water Festival, Peacock Dance Mongolia - Naadam Conference, wrestling, V. Terrain 1. Terrain profile (1) terrain high in the west and low in the east, a ladder-like distribution. Three steps of the situation: altitude (m) the main types of terrain first step 4000 meters above the plateau boundary: Kunlun Mountains - Qilian Mountains - Hengduan Mountains second step 1000 ~ 2000 meters plateau, basin boundary: Daxinganling -- Taihang Mountains -- Wushan Mountains -- Xuefeng Mountains Third Stage Ladder Less than 500 meters Plains, hills ① Concerns: hydroelectric power stations at the junction of the ladder ② Three-stage ladder of the German terrain: from south to north --Alps, Bavarian Plateau, North German Plain ③ China's topographic profile along different latitudes and longitudes: along the meridian for the profile: 30 ° N, 38 ° N, 45 ° N along the latitudinal line for the profile: 90 ° E, 100 ° E, 110 ° E Distribution of the continental shelf: the Yellow Sea, all of the Bohai Sea, the majority of the East China Sea (the widest), Part of the South China Sea, which is conducive to the formation of precipitation in the humid air deep inland, so that many large rivers flow eastward, east-west communication and transportation rivers flow from the higher terrace into the lower terrace, resulting in huge hydroelectric energy (2) a variety of topography, the mountainous area of a wide range of the five basic terrain: for the development of a variety of conditions for the development of local conditions for a variety of business mountainous area: two-thirds of the unfavorable development of planting, forestry, animal husbandry, mining, tourism and other advantages 2. Terrain distribution (1) the main mountain ranges - constitute the terrain skeleton, become the demarcation line between the terrain east-west: North: Tianshan - Yinshan; in the Kunlun Mountains - the Qinling Mountains; South: South Ridge northeast-southwest Toward: East: Taiwan Mountain; in: Changbai Mountain - Wuyi Mountain; West: Daxinganling - Taihang Mountain - Wushan Mountain - Xuefeng Mountain Arc Mountains: Himalayas the world's most majestic, the main peak of Mount Everest is located in the border of China, Nepal, elevation of 8,848 meters Other Toward: Northwest - Southeast: Altai Mountains, Qilian Mountains; North-South: Hengduan Mountains, Helan Mountains Note: Mountains across the three steps of the ladder - the Qinling Mountain Range; mountain ranges located in the third step of the ladder: the Changbai Mountains, the South Ridge, Wuyi Mountains, the Taiwan Mountain Range . Mountain ranges near provincial boundaries: Taihang Mountains (Shanxi, Hebei), Helan Mountains (Inner Mongolia, Ningxia), Wuyi Mountains (Jiangxi, Fujian), Nanling Mountains (Hunan, Guangdong), Daba Mountains (Sichuan, Shaanxi), Wushan Mountains (Chongqing, Hubei), Qilian Mountains (Gansu, Qinghai) Basin boundaries: Bayan Kara Mountains (Yellow River, Yangtze River), Nanling Mountains (Zhujiang River, Yangtze River), Gondis Mountains (Yalu.
7. Seek a geographic introduction to Shaanxi
1. Location, four neighbors and area:
Shaanxi Province is located in the hinterland of China's inland, located in the longitude of 105 ° 29 ′ - 111 ° 15 ′, latitude of 31 ° 42 ′ - 39 ° 35 ′ north between. It is adjacent to Shanxi and Henan in the east, Ningxia and Gansu in the west, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hubei in the south, and Inner Mongolia in the north, and occupies an important position connecting the eastern and central regions of China with the northwestern and southwestern parts of the country. The origin of China's earth is in Yongle Town, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province. The total area of the province is 205,800 square kilometers.
2. Terrain:
Shaanxi is long and narrow, with high terrain in the north and south and low terrain in the middle, with various terrains such as plateaus, mountains, plains and basins, etc. As the climatic boundary between north and south of China, the Qinling Mountain Range crosses the province from east to west. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200 to 500 kilometers wide from east to west. From north to south, it can be divided into three landforms: the northern Shaanxi plateau, the Guanzhong plain, and the Qinba mountains. The plateau covers 9.26 million hectares, the mountains 7.41 million hectares, and the plains 3.91 million hectares. The main mountain ranges include the Qinling Mountains and the Daba Mountains. Qinling has many nationally renowned peaks and ridges in Shaanxi, such as Huashan, Taibai Mountain, Zhennan Mountain and Mount Li.
3. Rivers and Lakes:
North of the Qinling Mountains is the Yellow River system, and the main tributaries from north to south are the Cave Wild River, the Wuding River, the Yanhe River, the Luo River, the Jinghe River (a tributary of the Weihe River), and the Weihe River. South of the Qinling Mountains belongs to the Yangtze River system, with the Jialing River, Han River and Dan River.
In addition to the Yellow River passing through the eastern part of the province, the main rivers in Shaanxi are the Wei River, the Han River, the Jing River, the Luo River, the Yan River, the Wuding River, the Jialing River, the Dan River, and the Cave Wild River. There are 583 rivers with a watershed area of 100 square kilometers or more in the province. The Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River, with a length of 757 kilometers, and is also the main river in the province. It originates from Bird Mouse Mountain in Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, and flows through the Guanzhong Plain to Tongguan, where it injects into the Yellow River. Han Shui is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1,532 kilometers, originating in Ningqiang County at both ends of the Micang Mountains in this province, flowing through the Qinba Mountains and injecting into the Yangtze River at Wuhan City in Hubei Province.
There are few lakes in Shaanxi, only in the northern Shaanxi sandy grassy beach area has "sea" more than 300, the surface of the water nearly 90 square kilometers, of which the largest is the red alkali nao Shenmu County, an area of nearly 67 square kilometers, the depth of 8-10 meters.
4. Climate:
Shaanxi spans three climate zones, with large differences in climate between the north and south. Southern Shaanxi is a northern subtropical climate, Guanzhong and most of northern Shaanxi is a warm temperate climate, northern Shaanxi along the Great Wall is a mesothermal climate. Its general characteristics are: warm and dry spring, less precipitation, the temperature rises fast and unstable, more sandy weather; hot and rainy summer, between the drought; cooler and wetter in the fall, the temperature drops fast; cold and dry winter, low temperatures, rain and snow scarce. The province's average annual temperature of 13.7 ℃, from south to north, east to west decreasing: northern Shaanxi 7 ℃ -12 ℃, Guanzhong 12 ℃ -14 ℃, southern Shaanxi 14 ℃ -16 ℃. January average temperature -11 ℃ -3.5 ℃, the average temperature in July is 21 ℃ -28 ℃, the frost-free period of 160-250 days, the extreme minimum temperature is -32.7 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature of 42.8 ℃. The average annual precipitation is 340-1240 millimeters. Precipitation south more north less, southern Shaanxi is a humid zone, Guanzhong is a semi-humid zone, northern Shaanxi is a semi-arid zone.
8. Shaanxi geomorphological features
Shaanxi is located in China's inland hinterland, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, north-south length of about 870 km, east-west width of 200?500 kilometers, like a bag shape, an area of about 210,000 square kilometers, accounting for about 2.
14% of the country's total land area.
At the same time, the terrain slopes from west to east, which is also very obvious. The Qinling Mountains and Qiaoshan Mountains run across the east and west of the province, dividing it into three natural regions: northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong, and southern Shaanxi.
The Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi is 800 to 1,300 meters above sea level, accounting for about 45% of the total area of the province, and is located north of the line of Fengxiang, Tongchuan, and Hancheng. The northern part of the plateau is a sandy area, and the southern part is a hilly and gully area.
After 50 years of construction, the northern Shaanxi protective forest system, ecological agriculture, desert oasis have made remarkable achievements. The animal husbandry industry is more developed, and coal, oil and natural gas reserves are abundant.
The Guanzhong Plain extends from Baoji in the west to Tongguan in the east, with an average elevation of 520 meters, an east-west length of 360 kilometers, and a width of 30?80 kilometers, and an area of about 19% of the province's total land area, with the basic geomorphological types of river terraces and loess plateaus. The terrain here is flat, transportation is convenient, the climate is mild, rich in produce, the economy is developed, grain and oil production and gross domestic product accounted for about 2/3 of the province, is the essence of the province, known as "800 miles Qinchuan".
The Qinba mountainous area in southern Shaanxi includes the Qinling Mountains, Ba Shan Mountains, and Hanjiang Valley, accounting for about 36% of the total land area of the province. The Qinling is the main watershed between the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin, and is the main demarcation line between the north and south of China, with a length of 400 to 500 kilometers from east to west, a width of about 300 kilometers from north to south, and an elevation of 1,500 to 2,000 meters above sea level in the province.
The Qinba Mountain area is a treasure trove of Shaanxi's agricultural and forestry specialties and mineral resources.
9. Interesting geographic knowledge
The world's most geographic 1, the world's largest plains Amazon plains the most populous ethnic Han Chinese 2, the world's highest continent Antarctica, the lowest continent Europe 3, the world's largest ocean Pacific Ocean, the smallest ocean Arctic Ocean 4, the world's longest mountain ranges Andes, the tallest mountains Mt. Himalayas, the world's highest plateau Tibetan Plateau, the highest 6, the world's most pronounced monsoon region of East Asia, the largest archipelago country Indonesia 7, the world's most volcanic country, Indonesia, known as "Volcano Country" 8, the world's (natural rubber, oil palm, coconut, plantain hemp) and other tropical cash crops in Southeast Asia, the world's largest continent in area Asia, the smallest continent, the continent of the world's largest 10. The largest continent Asia and Europe The smallest continent Australia continent 11, the world's largest country Russia The most populous countries (1 China 2 India 3 United States) 12, the world's oil reserves (output, output) the most areas of the Middle East 13, the world's natural population growth rate of the largest continent Africa (28 ‰), the least continent of Europe (3 ‰).14, the world's four most densely populated regions Eastern Asia; southern Asia; most of Europe; eastern North America.15, the world's four most sparsely populated areas of the frigid tundra belt, ice belt; sub-freezing coniferous forest belt; undeveloped tropical rainforest belt; arid desert areas.16, the world's largest number of speakers of the language of Chinese.17, the world's tallest and longest of the two mountain system of the Alps Himalayan system, the Cordillera system.18, the world's largest Japan, the world's largest importer of raw materials, the world's largest Buddhist country, Thailand.19, the world's most concentrated distribution of Chinese and overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia20, the world's richest continent of freshwater resources in Antarctica21, the world, the largest number of countries and regions in the continent of Africa22, the (Japan) often accounted for the world's first fish catch23, Japan's most: A the largest island, Honshu Island B the largest plains of the Kanto plain C the largest The largest trade object in East Asia: A. Korean Peninsula, the largest peninsula B. Japanese Archipelago, the largest archipelago C. Mongolia, the only landlocked country 25. The largest in Southeast Asia: A. Mekong River, the largest plain B. Mekong River, the river that passes through the largest number of countries C. Indonesia, the largest country in terms of area and population D. Laos, the only landlocked country 26. World Environment Day: June 5 every year, calling on all countries in the world to protect and improve the environment on which human beings depend for their survival World Forestry Day: March 21 every year World Water Day: March 22 every year World Earth Day: April 22 every year World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought: June 17 every year International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer: September 16 every year World Zoological Day: October 4 every year 28. Important geographic data: A. Equatorial radius 6378kmB. 6378kmB, equatorial circumference 40000km 1 degree latitude or longitude = 111kmC, the Earth's polar radius of 6357kmD, the average radius of the Earth 6371kmE, the Earth's ocean area accounted for 71%F, the Earth's land area accounted for 29%G, the Earth's total water resources, the ocean water accounted for 96%H, the people are now a large number of freshwater resources accounted for the world's total reserves of only 7/100,000I, now that people are heavily utilized freshwater resources accounted for only 7/100,000I. 7/100,000 I, now people use a large number of freshwater resources accounted for only 0.3% of the world's total freshwater reserves 29, important geographic formulas: G, the natural rate of population growth (‰) = the birth rate (‰) - the death rate of the population (‰) K, the density of the population (people / km2) = the population of the region (people) / the area of the region land (km2) L, roughly every 100 meters above sea level, the temperature drops 0.6 degrees, that is (-0.6 ℃ / 100m) 30, easily confused concepts: M, contour: on the map, the elevation of the same points connected to a line, is the contour N, isothermal: on the map, the temperature of the same place connected to the isothermal O, isobaric: on the map, the same time the same value of the barometric pressure of the same point with a curve connected to isobaric P, isobaric: on the map, the ocean in the same depth of the same point, is the isobaric On a map, the points in the ocean with the same depth are connected to a line, which is the isobath Q. Isoprecipitation line: On a map, the locations with the same amount of precipitation are connected by a line, which is the isoprecipitation line. 31. Important Geographic Boundaries (World) 1:R, Tropical and (Northern) Temperate (North) Regression Lines, Tropical and (Southern) Temperate (South) Regression Lines, (Northern) Cold and (Northern) Temperate (North) Polar Circle, (Southern) Cold and (Southern) Temperate (South) Regression Lines. (Southern) Temperate (Southern) Polar Circle T, Asia and Europe Ural Mountains, Ural River, Greater Caucasus Mountains, Turkish Straits U, Asia and Africa Suez Canal, Red Sea, Asia and North America Bering Straits V, South and North America Panama Canal, Europe and Africa Straits of Gibraltar, Mediterranean Sea Z, Dividing line between Antarctica and South America: Derek Straits 32, Important Geographic Boundaries (China) 2:a, The demarcation line between the first and second terrain steps: Kunlun Mountains -- Qilian Mountains -- Hengduan Mountains b. The demarcation line between the second and third terrain steps: Daxinganling -- Taihang Mountains --Wushan Mountains - Xuefeng Mountains c. Boundary between monsoon and non-monsoon areas: Daxinganling - Yinshan Mountains - He Lan Mountains - Bayanqa Mountains Helan Mountains - Bayanqara Mountains - Gangdishan Mountains d. Boundary between outflow and inflow regions: Daxinganling - Yinshan Mountains - Qishan Mountains -Helan Mountains -Qilian Mountains (eastern end) -Bayanqara Mountains -Gangdis Mountains e. Boundary between southern and northern China: Qinling Mountains --Huai River33. A. One of the criteria for measuring a country's level of development: the proportion of a country's urban population in the total population.B. Whether the population distribution of a country or a region is reasonable and whether the population density is appropriate should be measured by the extent to which natural resources and population are combined and utilized in a certain socio-historical period under certain conditions of productivity.C. The extent to which natural resources and population are utilized and combined in a certain socio-historical period under certain conditions of productivity. C. To reflect the abundance or failure of water resources in a country or a region, the average multi-year total runoff (R) is usually used as the main indicator. Outflowing rivers: P-E-R=△S Inflowing rivers: P-E=△SD, Chinese, English, Russian, French, Spanish, and Arabic are the working languages of the United Nations.34, the world's largest lake, the Caspian Sea, the world's largest inland lake, the Caspian Sea, the world's largest salt-water lake, the Caspian Sea.35, the world's largest country, Russia, and the world's smallest country, the Vanuatu, are the world's largest countries. , the world's smallest country, the Vatican.36, the world's largest landlocked country Kazakhstan, the world's most populous landlocked country Ethiopia.37, the world's longest river, the Nile River 6600km, (Amazon River 6400km; Yangtze River 6300km; Mississippi River 6200km).38, the world's largest volume of water, the river with the widest watershed area, the Amazon River.39, the world has the the largest number of cattle.