(a) the role of napkins

Napkins, also known as the mouth cloth, is often prepared in the restaurant of a sanitary products, but also a decorative beautification of the table of art. Meal

The main role of the napkin has the following aspects.

1. Napkin is a sanitary products in the food service

Guests eat, restaurant attendants will be placed on the lap of the guests or chest, napkins can be used to wipe their mouths or to prevent the soup,

wine soiled clothing.

2. Napkins can be decorated to beautify the dining table

Different napkin flower shape, implying a different theme of the banquet. Different shapes of napkin flowers placed on the dining table, not only to beautify the

dining table, but also add a solemn and warm atmosphere, giving people the enjoyment of beauty.

3. Napkin flower shape can set the dining atmosphere

such as napkins folded into magpies, doves of peace and other flower-shaped representation of joy, peace, friendship, giving a person a sense of sincerity and pleasure; such as folding out more than

wings fly together, the heart of a pair of new flower shape to the new couple, you can show that the everlasting tie of heart and the good wishes of the hundred years of goodwill.

4. napkin flower shape can mark the seat of the guest of honor

In the folding napkin flowers should be selected when the guest of honor flower shape, the master of the flower shape height should be higher than the height of the other flower shape to show respect.

(B) types of napkins

1. By texture

Napkins can be divided into cotton and chemical fiber fabrics. Cotton napkins are more absorbent, stain removal power, pulp ironing straight, modeling

good effect, but folded once, the best results. Chemical fiber fabrics colorful, transparent, flexible, such as a modeling

not, can be the second modeling, but poor water absorption, stain removal force is not as good as cotton fabrics.

2. By color

The color of napkins are white and colorful. White napkins give a person clean and hygienic, quiet and elegant feeling. It can regulate the human

visual balance, can stabilize the human mood. Colorful napkins can render the dining atmosphere, such as red, pink napkins to give a person a solemn

Heavy warm feeling; orange, yellow napkins to give a person a noble and elegant feeling; lake blue in the summer to give a person a cool, comfortable

feeling.

Second, the napkin folding flower modeling and its choice

Napkin folding flower modeling and many types of techniques also vary. As a restaurant waiter to master the basic napkin folding

Modeling and folding techniques.

1. napkin folding flower modeling types

(1) according to the way, can be divided into two kinds of cup and plate flowers.

Cup flower belongs to the Chinese flower, need to be inserted into the cup in order to complete the modeling, out of the cup after the flower is scattered. Because of the folding into a cup of flowers,

in the use of its flatness is poor, but also easy to cause pollution, so the cup of flowers has been less used, but as a skill, still

exist in the restaurant service.

The plate flower belongs to the western style flower pattern, the shape is complete, after molding will not fall apart, can be placed on the plate or other containers and table.

Because of its simplicity and generosity, it is beautiful and suitable for use, so it is showing a trend.

(2) According to the appearance of napkin flower modeling, can be divided into three kinds of plants, animals, objects

Plant flower shape is based on plant flower shape modeling, such as lotus, daffodils and so on. There are also based on plant leaves, stems, fruit modeling

such as bamboo shoots, corn and so on.

Animals include fish, insects, birds and animals, with birds of predominantly flying, such as cranes, peacocks, ostriches. Animal modeling

Some take its whole, some take its features, realistic form, vivid and lively.

The physical type of flower shape refers to the imitation of daily necessities in a variety of physical forms folded, such as hats, folding fans, baskets and so on.

2. napkin folding flower modeling options

(1) according to the size of the banquet to choose the flower type. Large banquets can choose a simple, strong flower type. You can choose two types of flowers per table

The type, so that each tabletop flower type is different, the table looks colorful. If it is 1-2 tables of small banquets, you can use a variety of different flowers on a table

, but also 2-3 types of flowers with each other, forming a variety and coordination of the layout.

(2) according to the theme of the banquet to choose the flower type. Theme banquets due to different themes, different forms, the choice of flower type is also different.

(3) Selection of flowers according to the season. Select seasonal flowers to highlight the characteristics of the season, you can also intentionally choose to symbolize

Sign of a good season of a set of flowers.

(4) Choose flowers according to religious beliefs. If you believe in Buddhism, do not stack animal modeling, it is better to stack plants, physical modeling.

Belief in Islam, do not use the pig modeling.

(5) according to the guests' customs and habits to choose flowers. Such as the Japanese like cherry blossoms, avoid using lotus, Americans like camellias, French

people like lilies, the British like roses and so on.

(6) according to the guest of honor seat selection of flowers. Banquet guests, the master of the seat of the flower is called the main flower. The main flower is generally used varieties

precious, folded carefully, beautiful and eye-catching flowers, to highlight the master, respect the purpose of the guest of honor. Such as in the reception of international friends on the banquet

Folding doves of peace, folding baskets of flowers to express welcome, folding peacocks for female guests to express the beauty of the children folding birds to express the vivacity of

lovely, so that the guests and hosts are feeling cordial.

In short, according to the theme of the banquet design folding different napkin flowers. To be flexible, and strive to simple, fast, neat,

beautiful.

Three, the basic technique of napkin folding

Napkin has a practical and decorative role in the formation of table decorations on the table. Napkin folding basic techniques

Folding, folding, rolling, wearing, turning, pulling, pinching, breaking and so on. Restaurant waiters should be repeatedly practiced to achieve skillful, easy to use,

in order to increase the efficiency and artistry of the table.

1. Folding

Folding is the most basic napkin folding techniques, almost all of the shape to use. Folding is the napkin folded in two, two folded

for four, or folded into triangles, rectangles, diamonds, trapezoids, jagged and other shapes. There are two kinds of folding and folding. When folding, you should

familiarize yourself with the shape, and see the right angle to fold it at once. If you repeat the process, you will leave marks on the napkin, which will affect its shape. The basic principle of folding

is to fold the napkin at the right angle.

2. Folding

Folding is a technique used in pleating. Folding is the process of folding the napkin into a pleated shape, which makes the flower form rich, tight and beautiful. When pleating, use the thumb and forefinger of each hand to pinch the first pleat at each end of the napkin, with the two thumbs facing each other

in a line and the fingers facing outward. Hold the napkin with the middle fingers of each hand and control the distance to the next pleat. Hold the napkin with the thumb and forefinger

in front of the middle finger and push the fold forward, using the forefinger to block the fold. The middle finger is released to control the distance of the next pleat

and the three fingers work together in this way. Folding can be divided into straight and diagonal folds. Straight folds are used when both ends are the same size, while diagonal folds are used when one end is large and the other is small, or when the folds are semi-circular or rounded. The main point of folding is to fold the tucks evenly and neatly.

3. Rolling

Rolling is the process of rolling the napkin into a cylinder with the three fingers of the thumb, forefinger, and middle finger working together. Roll is divided into straight roll and spiral

roll. Straight rolls include single-ended rolls, double-ended rolls, and flat-ended rolls. Straight rolls require the napkin to be rolled flat at both ends. There are two types of spiral rolls, one

is to fold the napkin into a triangle with jagged edges, and the other is to fix one end of the napkin and roll the other end, or to roll one end more

and the other less. The other is to fix one end of the napkin and roll the other end, or to roll one end more and the other less. Whether it is a straight roll or spiral roll, the napkin should be rolled tightly, quite

included, otherwise it will be flimsy, bent and deformed and affect the shape. The main point of the roll is to roll tight, roll quite.

4. Wear

Fold the napkin and clutch it in the palm of your left hand, put one end of the chopsticks into the folds of the napkin, and then use your right thumb

and forefinger to push the chopsticks backward until the chopsticks are out of the napkin. After threading the chopsticks, insert the napkin into the cup before removing the chopsticks, otherwise they will come loose. Usually only 1-2 chopsticks are threaded as needed. The key to threading

is to make the tucks flat, straight, small and even.

5. Turning

Turning is mostly used for folding flowers and birds. To do this, hold the napkin in one hand and turn the sagging napkin up into a flower

or a bird's head, neck, wings, tail, and so on. When turning flowers and leaves, make sure that the leaves are symmetrical, of the same size, and at the same distance from each other. When turning over the wings, tail or head and neck of a bird,

it is important to turn them over straight and not softly. The key point is to pay attention to the appropriate size, natural and beautiful.

6. Pull

Pulling is usually done when the napkin flower is half-formed. Hold the half-formed napkin flower in your left hand and pull out one or several

corners with your right hand. The main points of pulling are the right proportion of the size and the firmness of the shape.

7. Pinch

Pinch is mainly used to fold the head of the bird. The operation of a corner of the napkin to pull up the neck, and then use the thumb

thumb, forefinger, middle finger three fingers pinch the top of the neck of the bird, forefinger down, the tip of the napkin corner inward pressure down, with the middle finger and thumb

press down the corner of the napkin pinch the tip of the beak shape as the head of the bird. The key to pinching is to make the corners of the head and beak clear and in place.

8. Breaking

Break the folds of the napkin layer by layer with your left hand to make a flower bud. Don't use too much force when breaking to avoid loosening the folds.

The key is to make the layers clear and evenly spaced.

Chinese napkin folding work standards

Napkin has a practical and decorative beautification role in the formation of table decorations on the table as one of the important work. Folding napkins is an ordinary thing, to fold well and fast, or need to learn with an open mind to familiarize with the napkin folding method, so that it is artistic and speed to increase the efficiency of the work of setting the table.

The color and size of the napkin, napkins should be matched with the tablecloth, breakfast can be used to lattice color similar to ordinary handkerchiefs, more than 3.25 to 45 centimeters, folded simple or folded into a tent can be. Lunch and dinner napkins to white or another color, the material to be hard linen, size larger for 60 cm, such as too soft or small to fold the shape. Here are a few ways to fold a napkin:

●Tent type. Suitable for breakfast or fast food napkins, because it is the simplest folding method, can be used 3.25 cm napkin, folding method:

One hand to fold the napkin, the other hand to push the folded napkin. The first corner of the stack placed in the upper left corner, and then the A corner and the B corner of the fold, become a triangle; the second action is to press the right thumb on the bottom edge of the triangle salt center of the upper end, folded into a tent-type napkin. Turn the opening or tip of the tent toward the guests.

●Rolled cap. The rolled hat is also a napkin suitable for casual dining, and the folding method is simple: first, fold the rectangular napkin in half, then overlap the right third to the left; roll C down to form a conical hat, and then fold the corners of E and F upwards.

●Pointed Hat. The pointed hat type is also suitable for casual dining with the napkin. Folding method is simple: ① square napkin, diagonally folded into a triangle; ② and then the left and right 3/4 part of the folded into a pointed shape; ③ and then folded in front of the corner of the fold; ④ the back to the rear of the folded flat that is.

●Monk's hat type. This is a common restaurant in a napkin folding method, generous style, folding easy: ① first square napkin folded into a rectangle; ② the second step is folded into a rhombus; ③ the third step is the rhombus folded horizontally into a mountain; ④ the fourth step is the lower left corner of the folded in the right corner of the lower right corner of the lower right corner of the folded in the left corner of the lower right corner of the folded in the left corner of the lower right corner of the folded in the left corner of the lower right corner of the lower right corner of the folded in the left corner of the upper corner of the folded in the left corner of the folded in the left corner of the lower openings of the average separation, that is, the Monk's hat type.

●Bishop's hat. ① the napkin folded into a triangle; ② the left and right tip to the apex; ③ the upper end downward folding, its upper and lower

Chinese napkin folding work standards

two apex distance; ④ the upper triangle, upward folding; ⑤ turn over, left and right two tips overlap, one tip into the other tip; ⑥ turn over again, and put it up, like a bishop hat.

●Folding fan type. Fold the napkin inward, the top of the first finger and the top of the second fold is about 6 centimeters away; ② fold from the left, the width of each fold is about 4 centimeters; ③ clip the bottom end of the knot, and then open the top end to become a folding fan. Put it on a plate or in a cup.

●Fishtail. This shape of napkin can be folded and placed in a glass or on a plate. Folding method: First fold a 3.25cm square napkin into a triangle, then raise it twice, and then cross it into a fishtail shape.

●Petal type. Fold the square napkin into four squares twice, then fold each layer upwards four times, then fold the back into a column and place it in the cup.

●Roll type. This roll type is suitable for small napkin folding, as long as the napkin is folded directly into a cylinder, folded in the middle of the waist and placed in the cup.

●Candle type: this candle type is also suitable for small napkin folding, first fold the napkin diagonally once into a triangle and then the lower part of the upward folding of a small piece, and then rolled to a very strong column, at the bottom of the tie that is, can be placed in the cup of water.

●Basic requirements?

(1) Simplify the folding method and reduce the number of folding times.

(2) Beautiful shape and harmonious color of napkin flower.

●Precautions?

(1)Wash your hands and disinfect them before operation.

(2)Operate on a clean and hygienic tray or serving table.

(3) Do not allow the operation of the mouth, mouth bite.?

(4) When you put flowers into the cup, pay attention to hygiene, and your fingers should not touch the mouth of the cup.

(5) Understand the guests on the napkin flower style taboos.

●Basic techniques?

(1)Push folding: when folding, the two thumbs opposite each other in a line, the fingers face outward, the index finger or the middle finger to the back of the fold, and the index finger will be good folding block, the middle finger to control the distance of the next fold.

(2) Folding: Fold the napkin into two, two into four, or into a triangle, rectangle and other shapes; calculate the angle before folding, and fold it at once.

(3) roll: straight roll, napkin ends must be rolled flat; spiral roll can be folded into a triangle, napkin edge should be jagged; whether it is a straight roll or spiral roll, napkin should be rolled tightly ...?

(4) turn pull: turn pull mostly used for folding flowers and birds, operation, one hand to take the napkin in one hand will be sagging napkin turned up a corner, pulled into the flowers or bird's head, neck, wings, tail and so on. When turning and pulling the leaves of flowers, pay attention to the symmetry of the leaves of the same size, equal distance; pull the wings, tail or head and neck of the bird, be sure to pull straight, not soft fold.

(5) pinch: pinch method is mainly used for folding the head of the bird, the operation, first of all, the bird's neck to pull good (the bird's neck is generally used in a corner of the napkin). Then use the thumb of one hand, index finger, middle finger three fingers, pinch the top of the bird's neck, index finger down, the top of the corner of the napkin inward pressure down, thumb and middle finger will be pressed down the corner of the pinch out of the sharp beak.

Four, napkin folding example

1. African banana

(1) Fold the napkin along the diagonal into an equilateral triangle. Fold the bottom corners of the triangle towards the top corners to form a square.

(2) Fold the bottom corners upward until they are a short distance from the top corners.

(3) Fold the corners down to the center of the bottom edge. With your left hand, secure the folded top corner to the center of the bottom edge and prepare to flip. Hold the triangle with one hand, and with the other hand, fold the bottom corner of one side into the center about one-third of the length of the bottom edge. Do the same with the other corner. The two folded corners will fit together.

(4) Insert the four fingers of your right hand into the bottom of the triangle to form it into a cylinder, then turn down the small corners that are exposed on both sides to organize it into a shape.

2. peony fresh

3. pigeon

4. budding

5. goldfish

6. pteropods

7. Layout is called table setting, is the tableware, wine and auxiliary supplies in accordance with certain specifications neatly and beautifully laid on the table operation process. Including, laying the tablecloth, table arrangement, seat arrangement, tableware placement. Table setup requirements to achieve cleanliness and hygiene, neat and orderly, each in its place, placed properly, easy to eat, supporting a complete set. This can ensure that the dining environment is convenient and comfortable, but also to give the guests a good state of mind to feel, create a warm and comfortable dining environment. Setting the table in the daily food and beverage work is broadly divided into Chinese and Western table setting, Chinese and Western table setting can be divided into zero point casual dining table setting and banquet table setting.