Home treatment for colds:
More rest, drink more water, pay attention to respiratory isolation, and prevent complications. Commonly used antiviral drugs are viral azole, viral spirit, traditional Chinese medicine such as honeysuckle, panax quinquefolium, etc. Symptomatic medicines include cold and flu proprietary medicines, some cold and flu preparations, and antipyretic medicines. There are also antiviral nasal drops and eye drops. The medication for colds is not very important, the important thing is to take good care of the child, monitor the body temperature, prevent feverish alarms, let the child ensure enough sleep, adequate hydration and nutrition, pay attention to the regression of the disease, the occurrence of comorbidities. Because colds are self-limiting diseases, the virus has a certain survival period in the body. The virus can survive in the body for a certain period of time, and will naturally get better in the course of the disease. In addition, the efficacy of some antiviral drugs is not very reliable, some kill white blood cells, resulting in a decrease in white blood cells, therefore, the clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine to clear away heat and detoxification, such as honeysuckle, panax notoginseng and so on. If the symptoms are serious, take some symptomatic drugs, such as cold and flu, antipyretic drugs.
High fever is not terrible:
Fever is a reaction of the body of the child to the infected microorganisms, which is a protective mechanism, and some parents regard fever as a symbol of the severity of the disease, which is not true. A high fever does not necessarily mean that the disease is serious, no fever, or a mild fever is a mild disease, some bronchitis, pneumonia may not have an elevated body temperature. So we can not take the body temperature as a measure of the severity of the disease indicators, antipyretic treatment can not be too anxious, most parents want to immediately bring down the body temperature to normal, overdose of antipyretic drugs, excessive sweating, the body temperature regulation center disorders, and even hypothermia, electrolyte disorders, which is a common phenomenon in clinical work. Fever reduction should be carried out slowly, as long as the body temperature is controlled below the high fever, to prevent heat shock can be. When taking antipyretic drugs, we must pay attention to water and electrolyte supplementation, oral antipyretic should be used alternately with physical cooling measures, especially infants and young children, the use of physical cooling better. Also, children can not be like adults, "cover sweat" pediatric thermoregulation center is not perfect, sweat gland development is not perfect, with "cover sweat" method not only can not make the body temperature drop, but also make the body temperature rise suddenly, high fever convulsions, especially small infants, but also "masked syndrome" life-threatening, fever should be less wear, less cover, to increase the dissipation of heat. These are the home care errors that are often encountered in the clinic.
Don't take antimicrobials casually:
People commonly known as colds are acute upper respiratory tract infections, referred to as the upper sense. The pathogens that cause upper respiratory tract infections are mainly viruses, accounting for more than 90% of the total, and bacterial primary infections only account for a small number. Common viruses that cause upper respiratory tract infections include respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, coronavirus, herpes simplex virus, and EBV. Common bacteria include hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Bacterial infections can be secondary to viral infections due to decreased body resistance. From the pathogens of colds, viral colds account for the vast majority. Therefore, cold on taking antibiotics, and even the use of high-level antibiotics is not the right approach, children, especially on the small baby, on the chances of infection is very large, each time to take antibiotics, some continuous colds, continuous use of antibiotics, antibiotics, antibiotics, the more the more high-level, resulting in the growth of drug-resistant bacteria in children, once there is a bacterial infection, the use of drugs is ineffective, but also antibiotics have many side effects, such as killing leukocytes, so that the white blood cells decline, further reducing the risk of bacterial infections. Leukocyte decline, further reduce the body's ability to fight diseases, antimicrobial stimulation of the gastrointestinal mucosa appear drug gastritis, intestinal flora dysbiosis, long-term use of antimicrobials, or advanced antimicrobials, broad-spectrum or combined use of antimicrobials. So that some non-pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract is killed, the emergence of dysbiosis, destroying the balance of microorganisms in the intestinal tract, and the emergence of intestinal diseases. Even pseudomembranous enteritis, opportunistic bacteria - mold dual infection, some non-pathogenic bacteria due to the loss of mutual constraints, and become pathogenic.
In our country, especially for children, the abuse of antimicrobial phenomenon is very serious. According to the relevant reports, China is the consumption of antimicrobials in the country. About half of the world's consumption. Equivalent to the amount of antimicrobials used in developed countries more than ten times. More than 90% of colds are viral infections. Antimicrobials are ineffective against viruses, and it is not good to take antimicrobials for every cold. It is not good to take antimicrobials every time you have a cold. You need to have evidence of a bacterial infection before you give antimicrobials. Don't be afraid of bacterial infection and give preventive medicine, this is a wrong idea. Antimicrobials kill bacteria. In the absence of bacteria, antimicrobials only kill white blood cells. Antimicrobials have a limited half-life of a few hours. There is no long-term effect.
Causes of colds often overlooked by parents:
Strengthening physical fitness, paying attention to nutrition, not going to the public **** place, pay attention to isolate with cold patients and other measures are familiar to everyone. Common but easily overlooked by parents are those that are not written in the books. If you pay more attention to the little things in your daily life, you can still avoid them.
◎The child has fallen asleep, whether in the arms, in the stroller, on the back of the bike, in the car seat, parents should avoid the child wind. The wind is the cause of colds and flu when children are sleeping.
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◎Electric fans or air conditioners directly to the children, is also the cause of children's colds.
◎Before going to bed, the mother is afraid that the child is cold, the cover is thicker, the child may sweat, when the second half of the night the temperature drops, the mother also fell asleep, the child kicked out of the blanket, the result of cold cold and flu.
The childcare center is difficult to isolate, so it is easy to spread a cold from one child to another. In addition to poor management, uneven heat and cold, more likely to catch a cold, so the children living in the group have a high chance of catching a cold.
◎Taking a bath right after sweating is also a trigger for colds, so wait until the sweat goes down, or use a dry towel to dry off before taking a bath. (Text/Zheng Yuqiao: well-known general practitioner)