Watermelon (Citullus vulgaris) (watermelon) Cucurbitaceae, watermelon genus. It is an annual trailing herb. Fruit flesh crisp, sweet and juicy rich in mineral salts and a variety of vitamins, is the main summer summer fruit. Watermelon heat relief, on the treatment of nephritis, diabetes and cystitis and other diseases have auxiliary therapeutic effect. The rind can be pickled, candied fruit, jam and feed. Seed oil content of up to 50%, can be pressed oil, fried food or as a pastry ingredient.

Characteristics: watermelon main root system, the main root depth of more than 1 m, the root group is mainly distributed in the 20 cm - 30 cm of the cultivated layer, the root is slender and easy to break, regeneration is weak, intolerant of transplantation. Seedling stems are erect, elongating between 4 - 5 nodes, creeping growth after 5 - 6 leaves, strong branching, can form 3 - 4 levels of lateral branches. Leaves alternate, y lobed, lobed and entire. Dioecious and monoecious, male flowers appear at nodes 3--5 of the main stem, female flowers at nodes 5--7, and a few hermaphroditic flowers may appear at the peak of flowering. Corolla yellow. Ovary inferior, lateral membranous placentation. Both male and female flowers are nectarous, insect-mediated flowers, flowers open early in the morning and close in the afternoon. Fruits are globular, ovoid, ellipsoid, cylindrical, etc. The surface of the fruit is smooth or furrowed. The surface of the fruit is smooth or furrowed, and the epidermis is greenish-white, green, dark green, dark green, black, with fine reticulation or stripes. The flesh is creamy white, light yellow, dark yellow, light red, big red and other colors. The flesh is divided into tight flesh and sandy flesh. Seeds are flat, ovoid or long ovoid, smooth or cracked. Seed coat white, light brown, brown, black or brown, monochromatic or mixed colors. Seed weight per thousand is 100g--150g for large-seeded types, 40g--60g for medium-seeded types, and 20g--25g for small-seeded types. Seed melon type 150g - 200g.