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Canola, also known as Brassica napus (YUN TAI), Latin name Brassica campestris, originating in Europe and Central Asia, is a cruciferous annual herbaceous plants. In China, rapeseed is concentrated in Jiangxi wuyuan huang (huáng) ridge, hanzhong basin and jiangling ten thousand acres of terraces, yunnan luoping plains, qinghai menyuan plateau and so on.
Morphological features: the plant is straight and tufted, with green stems and yellow flowers, the basal leaves grow in a whirling fold, and the stem leaves, generally alternate, have no stipules. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, petals 4, arranged in a cross, flower pieces like rice paper, tender yellow thin. The stamens are usually six, four long and two short, often called "four strong stamens", and the pistil consists of two carpels, with the ovary positioned on top. The stem is cylindrical, mostly between 0.1-0.8 cm in diameter, much branched, with a soft stalk; the leaves are alternate, large, intensely green, without petiole and stipules. In March and April, the stem tips are flowered, the flowers are in racemes, the sepals are four-parted, yellow-green, and the corolla is four-petaled, yellow, and cross-shaped. The fruit is a long horned fruit, and in summer, when ripe, opens and disperses the seeds, which are purple-black and also yellow.
Extra-root fertilizer: in the rape shoots flowering period, every certain time to spray 1 time phosphorus, boron, manganese and other trace elements or composite organic fertilizer water solution, can prevent rape flowers and not real. Foliar spraying 0.02% boric acid solution can improve the effective branching number of rapeseed, the number of pods per plant and thousand grain weight. Foliar spraying of 2% to 3% aqueous calcium superphosphate solution during pod maturity.
Main value
Application value: rape flowers are very rich in pollen. The seeds contain 35~50% oil, which can be extracted or used as fodder. Besides, the young stems and leaves of rapeseed can also be eaten as vegetables. Rapeseed is the first edible vegetable oil raw material in China. The juice made from rapeseed is said to be medically effective in preventing high blood pressure, anemia and colds.
Economic Value: Development of China's Rapeseed IndustryRapeseed is China's most important oilseed crop, [2] with seeds containing 33% to 50% oil. Since 1995, the perennial planting area of 100 million mu, annual output of nearly 10 million tons of rapeseed, accounting for 40% to 45% of the total output of oilseed crops (excluding soybeans); while also producing about 6 million tons of rapeseed cake meal. Cake meal protein content of up to 40%, canola protein amino acid composition is reasonable, its lysine content and soybean equivalent, and lysine, methionine and other sulfur-containing amino acid content is higher than soybean protein, is the largest high-quality forage protein source to be developed and utilized in China. In addition to being used to extract edible oil and feed, rape can also be used to make margarine and artificial protein in the food industry. It also has a wide range of uses in metallurgy, machinery, rubber, chemical industry, paint, textile, soap, paper, leather and medicine, etc. It has important economic value.
Ornamental value: rape has an important economic value, but also ornamental value, is a tourist resource. Rape into the flowering season, a golden field, Yu Shao poem: "rape flowers bloom full of yellow, clumps of butterflies and bees busy; the wind blowing gold wave surging, overflowing with intoxicating rich fragrance". Rapeseed flowers blossom, and the pollen is rich in nectar, which attracts colorful butterflies and bees to dance among the flowers. The rich fragrance of flowers is intoxicating, and the beautiful scenery makes people linger.