Ivory is organic substances, more delicate. In addition to prevent impact, drop touch, extrusion, fire, water immersion, acid and alkali and other drastic violations, temperature, humidity, light, environmental tidiness are very sensitive. Temperature instability will occur thermal expansion and contraction, easy to cause deformation, cracking, off the piece, humidity instability will produce water loss and water absorption, causing expansion and contraction. Dental carving products like a humid environment, dry easy to dry crack, but too humid easy to mold. General requirements for the temperature at 15-25 ° C, humidity between 55% -60%. Under the action of light is prone to chemical changes, discoloration, brittle, especially ultraviolet light is the most destructive, will make the ivory decomposition damage, infrared light, visible light will cause the temperature to rise sharply, so the tooth carving should be protected from light collection.
Suggestions: 1, tooth carving usually can be placed in a soft capsule box, put on the anti-moth-eaten medicine block. Storage environment should be kept at a constant temperature as far as possible. 2, storage of dental carvings when the relative humidity of the surrounding environment should be maintained at 55% to 60%. Simple practice is often placed near a cup of water, can not be placed in a windy place. 3, not suitable for sun, or direct light, so as to avoid the high temperature generated by the light, so that the ivory rupture, bending. Generally require the temperature to be maintained at 15-25 ° C. 4, ivory personal jewelry, please take off when bathing, once the ivory in hot water for too long, then it will crack and discoloration.
Cleaning:
1, tooth carvings on the surface of the dust, dirt easily aging deterioration of the tooth corner, should be frequently whisked (available brush brush dust) to keep clean. Can not be whisked away stains can be cleaned with toothpaste, but can not be soaked, and should be dried as soon as possible. 2, cracked tooth carvings can not be washed, it is recommended to give the producer or professionals to clean. 3, yellowed tooth carvings should not be washed, can not be bleached, which is a normal phenomenon. 4, stained carvings are best to use dry cleaning. 5, if stained with oil stains or stubborn dirt, you need to use warm soapy water gently brushed, but can not be immersed, and should be dried as soon as possible! Wipe dry as soon as possible to prevent the object from buckling or spreading. 6, if the maintenance is not appropriate, the surface of the tooth carvings appear mildew, should be removed in a timely manner. Suggested to the producer or professional cleaning Answer added 2009-06-13 23:44 Elephants are mainly produced in Africa and Asia, India, Thailand, Myanmar and other places. African male and female elephants have tusks, which are also longer. Ordinary ones weigh about 30 kilograms each, and the big ones have about 80 kilograms. The tusks of peony elephants produced along the equator in the eastern part of Africa are 3 meters long, which is the longest ivory tusk. African elephant tusks are mostly light yellow, fine texture, good luster, high hardness, but in the case of temperature disparity changes are prone to cracks. Asian female elephants do not give birth to tusks, male elephants in Ceylon also do not give birth to tusks, the color of ivory produced throughout Asia is relatively white, but after a period of time will gradually aging, yellowish color, luster is also poor, the hardness of its tusk is lower than that of African ivory ivory ivory carving materials are expensive, craftsmanship value of the higher value will inevitably be a number of pseudo-products fish-eye, can not be discerned. There is only one kind of fake ivory products - artificial teeth, which is synthesized by chemical process, it is easier to identify. Artificial teeth of light quality, poor luster, no teeth lines. Some artificial tusks deliberately made tusks, but rigid and stagnant, as a rule, parallel lines, and ivory's natural herringbone pattern, mesh pattern can not be compared. Artificial teeth are easy to aging, yellowing, brittle. Similar materials with ivory:
Fish teeth The ocean's big fish teeth, walrus teeth, sea pig teeth, etc. commonly known as fish teeth. Fish teeth are also curved in the shape of a crescent moon, but compared with ivory is much shorter. Fish teeth have a layer of enamel on the surface, slightly harder than ivory with brittle, gloss is not as soft as ivory. Fish teeth also have heart, all for the messy bad heart. Fish teeth material size, decided to carve it mostly small pieces, there can not be large pieces. The qing dynasty there are a lot of carving with fish teeth carving works of gnarled horn, because of its appearance, texture and ivory is very similar, sometimes will be mixed with the ivory carving, difficult to recognize. As for the past people said the word "gnarled horn", is a customary name in the antique trade at that time, in fact, its raw material is taken from the walrus teeth. This material is imported from Siberia, and in the old days there were stores in Beijing that specialized in carving gnarled horns. Most of the gnarled horn carvings are small pieces, such as plate fingers, fire sickle boxes, etc., which usually need to be stained. The carving technique of gnarled horn artifacts is the same as that of tooth carving.
However, due to the thin bone wall, it is impossible to carve bone carving products into solid large and medium-sized products. In the late Qing Dynasty, there are a number of carving "baby play" characters of the fan handle, is made of camel bone after dyeing treatment. Due to the lack of ivory materials, fan bone, fan handle and mahjong tiles, and so on, more than the use of camel bone instead of
Rhinoceros horn and identification of the types of rhinoceros horn is a fingernail fibers, not horny, is the largest volume of animal antennae and the solid horn body. Rhinoceros horn on the tip of the bottom of the broad, the original base is oval, honeycomb. The epidermis of the horn is full of cracks, below the epidermis is yellowish brown, gradual black has been extended to the center of the horn, the center of the black is the hardest part. Rhinoceros horn carving material is mostly taken from the Asian rhinoceros. Currently in the world **** there are five species of rhinoceros, two of which live in Africa, three live in Asia. Asian rhinoceros has two horns "Sumerian rhinoceros", one-horned "Indian rhinoceros". Ming and Qing carvings used more for the "Sumerian rhinoceros" and "Javanese rhinoceros".