1. Inhibit lipoprotein oxidation and DNA damage caused by hydroxyl "free radicals";

2. Extend the life span of vitamin C, activate vitamin C and vitamin E, and interact with carotenoids The effect is better when used in combination with vitamins such as Astaxanthin (ASTA in English);

3. Protect the retina from damage caused by oxidative stress;

Extended information:

When the pine tree is young, the crown is pyramid-shaped, and the branches are mostly in whorls. After the seedlings are unearthed and the cotyledons unfold, the first leaves to emerge are the primary leaves, which are solitary, spirally arranged, linear-lanceolate, and have toothed edges. Needles appear only after the primary leaves perform their functions for 1 to 3 years, usually in bunches of 2, 3, or 5, attached to the tops of short branches.

There is a leaf sheath at the base of each bunch of needles, which falls off early or persists. The position of the resin canal in the mesophyll tissue is relatively constant in adult plants and can be divided into three types: exophytic, mesophytic, and endophytic.

The male cones of pine trees are located at the base of new shoots, and the female cones are mostly found at the axis ends of the main branches. Ripening of cones takes a long time.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Pine Bark