The first month of the lunar calendar is the first month of the lunar calendar. The ancients called night "xiao". Here is a simple handwritten newspaper for the Lantern Festival for primary school students for your reference. I hope it will be helpful to you. More details Please click to view the content. Simple Lantern Festival handwritten newspaper for primary school students 1 Simple Lantern Festival handwritten newspaper for primary school students 2 Simple Lantern Festival handwritten newspaper for primary school students 3 Simple Lantern Festival handwritten newspaper for primary school students 4 Simple Lantern Festival handwritten newspaper for primary school students 5: Customs and culture
Festivals and Customs
The festivals and customs of the Lantern Festival have been extended and expanded with the development of history. As far as the length of the festival is concerned, it was only one day in the Han Dynasty, three days in the Tang Dynasty, and five days in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the lights were lit from the eighth day of the lunar month until the lights were turned off on the night of the seventeenth day of the first lunar month. It was the longest festival in Chinese history. The long Lantern Festival is connected with the Spring Festival. The city is bustling during the day and the lanterns are lit at night, which is spectacular. Especially the exquisite and colorful lights make it the climax of entertainment activities during the Spring Festival. In the Qing Dynasty, dragon dance, lion dance, land boat racing, stilt walking, Yangko dancing and other "hundred operas" were added, but the festival period was shortened to four to five days.
Lantern placement
Folks will set up a "Heaven and Earth Hall" when worshiping God on New Year's Eve. People set up a small shed in the yard, and on the small table inside the shed stood the altar of "the true ruler of all spirits in the ten directions of the three realms of heaven and earth"; in front of the altar were placed incense burners, offerings, and a lantern, which represented Jiang Taigong. seats. It is said that when Jiang Taigong was canonizing gods, others were canonizing them, but he forgot to canonize himself. He had no seat and had to sit with God.
Lanterns are related to gods, so they are also endowed with many symbolic meanings.
In ancient times, in order to drive away the fear of darkness, lanterns were developed to exorcise evil spirits and bring blessings and pray for light.
In the Hokkien language, the pronunciations of "lamp" and "ding" are similar, so lanterns are also used to pray for children, gain fame, and avoid evil and peace.
There is a kind of "bright lantern". At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, lanterns are placed in temples to use the power of Buddha to achieve peace and success throughout the year.
There are also farmers who set up long bamboo poles and hang a lamp in the field to "illuminate the silkworms" and observe the color of the fire to predict floods and droughts in a year and hope for a good harvest.
The reason for "setting up sky lanterns" is that in the past, people used to set off sky lanterns as a signal to report safety to each other after they fled in all directions to avoid bandits. Since the day when people evacuated and returned home happened to be the Lantern Festival, from then on, people would celebrate this day every year with the ceremony of releasing sky lanterns, so the sky lanterns were also called "prayer lanterns" or "peace lanterns". Later, it gradually evolved into a folk activity of praying to God and making wishes. The sky lanterns are filled with all kinds of wishes in the heart, hoping that the sky lanterns can reach heaven and bring people unlimited hope and light.
Lantern Festival Lanterns (3) Legend has it that Emperor Taizong Li Shimin encouraged reading, and people all sent their children to school. The first program for entering school is called "Turn on the Lanterns", which involves bringing pre-made lanterns to school and asking a knowledgeable old gentleman to light them, symbolizing a bright future. In the past, most private schools would start school after the 15th day of the first lunar month, so the lanterns for the opening of school also became the embellishment of the Lantern Festival.
There are many types of Lantern Festival lanterns, either image lanterns imitating the images of things, such as dragon lanterns, tiger lanterns, rabbit lanterns, etc., or movable lanterns based on folk stories, such as the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. , Twenty-Four Filial Piety, etc., which express the national spirit of loyalty, filial piety, justice, and justice. Various lanterns are made with skillful craftsmanship, showcasing the wisdom and skills of the craftsmen.
With the development of the times, the Lantern Festival has become more and more grand, the national characteristics have become stronger and stronger, and the Lantern Festival has become longer and longer. The lantern festival in the Tang Dynasty lasted one day and three days before and after the Yuan Dynasty; in the Song Dynasty, two days were added after the 16th day of the lunar month, making it five days; in the Ming Dynasty, it was extended to ten days from the eighth day to the eighteenth day of the lunar month. Because the lantern periods are different, the first day when the lanterns are put up is called "test lanterns", the fifteenth day is called "main lanterns", and the last day is called "remaining lanterns" or "lantern lanterns". It is also called "magic lamp", "human lamp" and "ghost lamp".
The night of the 14th day is called the "magic lamp", which is placed on the shrine in the home or in front of the ancestral hall to worship gods and ancestors; the night of the 15th day is called the "human lamp", which is placed on doors, windows, beds, tables, etc., to avoid scorpions and insects. ; On the night of the 16th, it is a "ghost lantern", placed in the tombs and fields, so that the wandering souls can escape from the ghost realm. Pray for God's will from above, protect the common people from below, gods, men, ghosts and animals, leave nothing out
Lantern Festival Lantern Poetry
"A Sheng song is like the sea in spring, and the night with thousands of lights is like day." There are countless poems written by literati in the past dynasties praising the New Year's Eve lanterns, which are still interesting to read today.
In the Tang Dynasty, the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival developed into an unprecedented lantern market. The capital city was "made with lamp wheels twenty feet high, clothed in brocade, decorated with gold and silver, and burning fifty thousand lamps, clustered with flowers and trees." The poem "The Fifteenth Night of the First Month" written by Su Weiwei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, goes: "Fire trees and silver flowers bloom together, and the iron locks of the star bridge open. The dark dust goes with the horses, and the bright moon chases the people." It depicts the lively scene where the lights and the moon are shining together, and tourists are weaving. . It is worthy of praise that the Tang Dynasty poet Cui Ye's "Shangyuan Night" should be recommended first. "Don't rush the jade leaking copper pot, the iron gate and the golden lock are clear and open; who can sit leisurely when seeing the moon, and who can't look at the lamp when they hear it." "Although there is no positive description of the Lantern Festival, it contains a very happy, lively and bustling scene.
The Lantern Festival Night in the Song Dynasty was unprecedentedly grand, and the lantern market was even more spectacular. Su Dongpo's poem said, "Every house has lights, and music and music are played everywhere." Fan Chengda also wrote in a poem, "Wutai, a prosperous place in the past and present, prefers the Lantern Festival shadow lantern show." The "shadow lantern" in the poem is the "revolving lantern". The great poet Xin Qiji once had a poem that has been passed down through the ages to praise the grand occasion of the Lantern Festival: "The east wind blows thousands of flowers and trees at night, and they blow down, and the stars are like rain. BMWs and carriages are full of fragrance. The phoenix flute sounds, the jade pot turns the light, and all night fish Dragon Dance”.
The Ming Dynasty was even more extravagant and changed the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival from three nights to ten nights. Tang Bohu once wrote a poem praising the Lantern Festival, bringing people into the charming Lantern Night. The poem says, "If there is a lamp but no moon, it will not miss people. If there is a moon but no lamp, it is not spring. When spring comes to the world, people are like jade, and when the lamp is burning, the moon is like silver. The streets are full of pearls and green girls are wandering, and the boiling ground is playing and singing to meet the gods of the society. Do not show it. Fangzun is smiling, how can we spend such a good time?"
In addition to various lanterns, the lively scenes of the Lantern Festival in the Qing Dynasty also included torch dancing, fireballs, fire rain, fire dragons, fire lions, etc. Ruan Yuan has a poem about the Yangcheng Lantern Market: "The sea chela, clouds and phoenixes are exquisite and exquisite, and the Gui De gate is brightly decorated with colorful screens. The market is full of fire, and the guests have enough resources. The sheep virtues have returned to their fairy spirits all year round. The moon can fill the whole night with spring light, and people are like horses that have not stopped to explore flowers. ; It means that when two guests arrive in Yingzhou, the book window becomes brighter. "The Qing Dynasty poet Yao Yuanzhi wrote the poem "Ode to the Lantern Festival": "The bees and butterflies among the flowers are in a state of joy, and the night is long with the fragrance of BMWs. The headlights are like fire, and the moon outside Siping Street is like frost." It is even more vivid, wonderful and unique.
The Lantern Festival, full of poetry and romance, is often associated with love. There are many poems in the past dynasties that use the Lantern Festival to express love and affection. Ouyang Xiu of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a poem: "On the Lantern Festival this year, the moon and the lights are still the same; when I don't see the person from last year, my spring shirt sleeves are filled with tears." He expresses the pain of missing his lover.
In the traditional opera, Chen San and Wu Niang met during the Lantern Festival and fell in love at first sight. Princess Lechang and Xu Deyan reunited on the Lantern Festival night. In "Spring Lantern Riddles", Yu Wenyan and Ying Niang made an appointment on the Lantern Festival. . Therefore, the Lantern Festival is also China's "Valentine's Day".
Lantern Festival Lantern Couplets
Lantern Festival Lantern Festival is a traditional custom of our people. Throughout the ages, there have been not only a large number of popular Lantern Festival poems, but also countless interesting Lantern Festival couplets.
Lantern Festival (3) Early Yuan Dynasty\At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, when a man named Jia Sidao was guarding Huaiyin (today's Yangzhou), one year when he put up lanterns during the Lantern Festival, some of the guests picked up poems from Tang Dynasty and composed them. The couplet on the door reads "On a bright moonlit night in three parts of the world, there is a small red building ten miles away from Yangzhou." It is said that this couplet is the earliest lantern couplet in my country. Since then, people in all dynasties have followed suit and hung wall lantern couplets and door lantern couplets on gates or prominent pillars, which not only adds festive flavor to the Lantern Festival, but also adds content for people who appreciate the lanterns.
Zhang Ying and Zhang Tingyu, who were born in Tongcheng, Anhui Province in the Qing Dynasty, were known as "double bachelors, father and son, and two prime ministers, old and young". They were both good at poetry. One year during the Lantern Festival, the Zhang family decorated lanterns and set off firecrackers as usual. The old prime minister's joint examination said: "The high-burning red candle reflects the sky, it is bright, and the light spreads all over the ground.
"When Xiao Tingyu was thinking, she heard the sound of fireworks outside the door, and she immediately realized it, and said to her, "The fireworks shook the earth, the sound was loud, and the breath was rising to the sky. "The dialogue is neat and seamless, which can be called a wonderful pairing.
The most talked about story is probably the story of Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty who acted as a matchmaker. When Wang Anshi was 20 years old, he went to Beijing to take the exam and passed by a certain place during the Lantern Festival. While walking and admiring the lanterns, I saw a large family hanging a revolving lantern high, with a couplet hanging under the lantern, which said, "The revolving lantern, the horse moves when the light is turned off, and the horse stops when the light is turned off." When Wang Anshi saw it, he couldn't answer the question for a moment, so he kept it in his mind. When he arrived in the capital, the examiner came out with a flying tiger flag fluttering in the wind. "Flying tiger flag, flag flying tiger, flag rolled up to hide the tiger." "Wang Anshi responded by recruiting relatives and was selected as a Jinshi. When he returned home and passed by that family, he heard that no one had come out to ask for relatives, so he responded with the examiner's invitation and was recruited as a quick son-in-law. It was a coincidence. The couplet actually brought about two great joys for Wang Anshi.
It is said that Zhu Di, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, traveled incognito during the Lantern Festival one year. The lanterns are bright and the moon is bright, the lanterns and the moon are always bright, and the Ming Dynasty is unified. The scholar immediately responded to the second couplet: "The king is happy and the people are happy, the king and the people are happy together, and there will be eternal happiness for thousands of years." "Yongle" is the reign name of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Di was overjoyed and awarded him the title of No. 1 Scholar.
Lantern Festival Lantern Riddles
Lantern riddles existed in the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, they were called "hidden words". It was only in the Han and Wei dynasties that it was called "riddle". In the Southern Song Dynasty, some people wrote riddles on lanterns and asked people to guess lantern riddles during the Lantern Festival. After the Southern Song Dynasty, viewing lanterns and guessing lantern riddles made the atmosphere of the Lantern Festival lively and warm. Guessing it correctly is just like a tiger being difficult to shoot, so it is also called "Lenghu" (also called Wenhu). The production of traditional lantern riddles requires a certain format and requires ingenuity to make very clever lantern riddles. It is a Chinese lantern riddle. Original literature and art.
One year during the Lantern Festival, Emperor Qianlong took a group of civil and military ministers to watch the lantern festival with great interest. The various lanterns on the left were colorful and beautiful; the various lanterns on the right were unique and interesting. . When Emperor Qianlong was happy, he accompanied his ministers to write a couplet for everyone to guess. After thinking for a moment, Emperor Qianlong wrote a couplet on the palace lantern:
“Black is not, white is not, red and yellow are not. They are like foxes, wolves, cats and dogs, neither domestic animals nor wild beasts.
Poems are not, words are not, and "The Analects" is not. It is vague about east, west, north and south. Although it is a short article, it is also a wonderful article. "
Emperor Qianlong thought hard after watching this. The civil and military ministers scratched their heads one by one, but they couldn't guess it. In the end, Ji Xiaolan himself revealed the answer: guessing the riddle.