1. Seed breeding
1. Seed collection: Collect ripe fruits from September to October, put them in a pot and mix with appropriate amount of coarse sand and water, rub them repeatedly on the washboard by hand, rinse off the skin, pulp and sand with water, and put them on a rough cement floor and rub them with soles for several times to make the seeds easily permeable.
2. Seed soaking: Before sowing, soak the seeds in 5-degree liquor and 4-degree warm water (1: 1) for 2 minutes, and then soak them in 5ppm gibberellin for 24 hours, which can induce the production of hydrolase and promote its germination.
3. sowing: the germination rate of sowing within one week after seed collection is over 9%, and the germination rate of sowing in the next spring is halved. Sow in winter and emerge in the next spring. Winter sowing in the south only needs to cover grass, and arch film or flat film should be used in the north.
2. Cutting seedling
Select 1-2 year-old branches, with the ear length of about 15 cm, the ear leaves trimmed by 2/3, the basal end dipped in .5% ABT rooting powder or 1ppm solution of NAA for 1 seconds, the row spacing of cutting plants is 15 cm and 2 cm, and the depth of burying is 1/3 of the ear length. In summer and autumn, the cuttings must be shaded and take root in about 45 days, and the seedling rate is about 8%. After more than 5 days of rooting in spring, the survival rate is about 65%.
Third, seedling maintenance
1. Arch film seedling protection: If the seedlings are planted with flat film, the seeds should be randomly selected before and after beginning of spring, and the mulch should be removed when the radicle is exposed, and the flat film should be changed into arch film to moisturize and accelerate germination. After changing the arch film, the temperature and humidity should be adjusted, and the agricultural films at both ends of the shed should be opened on sunny days to cool down and take a breath, and then covered at night. Spray water on the seedlings once every 3 to 4 days to keep the humidity of the seedbed at 55 to 6%. We should guard against rodents. When the seedlings have two leaves and one heart, the film should be uncovered and the seedlings should be tempered.
2. Sparse seedlings and plant thinly: The amount of seeds used for raising yew seedlings is generally about 5 kg per mu, and 15, to 2, seedlings are produced. If the seeds are too dense in winter, after the seedlings have 3 to 4 leaves and 1 heart in early spring, the seedlings should be thinned and transplanted according to the plant spacing of 152 cm.
3. Weeding and topdressing: Weeding should be done in intertillage for 2 to 3 times from May to July. Combined with intertillage, 5 to 1 kilograms of urea and 3 to 5 kilograms of potassium chloride should be topdressing each mu, and water should be poured or sprinkled in rainy days. The leaves can also be sprayed with .25% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. pest control: yew has strong resistance, few pests and diseases, and occasionally spiders or aphids occur, so it can be sprayed with pesticides such as dichlorvos and dimethoate. Taxus seedlings are raised for one year, and when the seedlings are 4 cm high, they can be transplanted into pots for bonsai or planted in gardens, and 2 plants can be planted in mountainous areas and wasteland.