English: swine? influenza?

English abbreviation: swine? flu?

Note: In order to avoid misleading the word "swine flu", the World Health Organization announced on April 30th, 2009 that the current epidemic situation was renamed as "A/H 1N 1 Influenza". ?

[Edit this paragraph] Brief introduction of swine flu?

Swine flu, the full name of swine influenza, is an acute and infectious respiratory disease of pigs. It is characterized by sudden onset, cough, dyspnea, fever and rapid recovery. Swine flu is a respiratory disease caused by virus in pigs. Swine flu is caused by influenza A virus (influenza A virus), which usually breaks out among pigs. It is highly contagious but usually does not cause death. Autumn and winter are high incidence periods, but they can spread all year round. Swine flu is mostly identified as influenza C virus (influenza C virus) or one of the subspecies of influenza A virus. The virus can cause influenza outbreaks in pigs. Under normal circumstances, human beings are rarely infected with swine flu virus. ?

There are many different kinds of swine flu, including influenza A virus subtypes H 1N 1, H 1N2, H3N 1, H3N2 and H2N3, which can all cause swine flu infection. Unlike bird flu, swine flu can be transmitted from person to person. In the past, human beings were infected with swine flu, but there was no case of human-to-human transmission. In mid-April, 2009, Mexico announced a case of human-to-human swine flu. The case was caused by H 1N 1 swine flu virus, and during the genetic analysis, it was found that there were genes of pigs, chickens and people from Asia, Europe and America. Symptoms of human infection with swine flu: Patients with swine flu usually have symptoms such as high fever, severe headache, muscle pain, cough, stuffy nose and red eye above 39 degrees Celsius. ?

[Edit this paragraph] What are the symptoms and prevention of swine flu in pigs?

Diagnostic points Epidemic characteristics Pigs of all ages, sexes and breeds are susceptible to this virus. The epidemic of this disease has obvious seasonality, and it is easy to happen in late autumn, early spring and cold winter with changeable weather. The disease spreads rapidly and is often endemic or pandemic. The incidence of this disease is high and the mortality is low (4%- 10%). Sick pigs and infected pigs are the sources of swine flu infection, and pigs are infected for 6-8 weeks after recovery. ?

Clinical features The incubation period of this disease is very short, ranging from several hours to several days, and the average natural onset is 4 days. At the initial stage of the disease, the body temperature of sick pigs suddenly increased by 40.3℃ ~ 41.5℃, anorexia or loss of appetite, extreme weakness and even collapse, often lying on the ground. Shortness of breath, abdominal breathing, paroxysmal cough. Mucus flows from the eyes and nose, and nasal secretions sometimes carry blood. Sick pigs lie together, it is difficult to move, the muscles feel stiff and painful, diaphragm spasm occurs, and breathing is frustrated, which is generally called hiccups. If there is secondary infection, the disease will get worse and cellulose hemorrhagic pneumonia or enteritis will occur. Sows are infected during pregnancy, and the piglets born are very ill 2-5 days after delivery, and some die during lactation and before and after weaning. ?

Pathological changes The pathological changes of swine influenza are mainly in respiratory organs. The mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchus are congested and swollen, and the surfaces are covered with viscous liquid, and the bronchioles and bronchioles are filled with foam-like exudates. A large amount of slurry mixed with cellulose is accumulated in the chest cavity and pericardium cavity. Lung lesions often occur in the back and basal part of the pointed lobe, the heart lobe, the middle lobe and the diaphragm lobe, which have obvious boundaries with the surrounding tissues. The color is from red to purple, collapsed and firm, and the toughness is like leather. The spleen is swollen, and the cervical lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes and bronchial lymph nodes are swollen and juicy. ?

Differential diagnosis of swine influenza is not always in a typical form, and it is very similar to other respiratory diseases, so the clinical diagnosis can only be hypothetical. In autumn or early winter, respiratory diseases in pigs can be suspected as swine influenza. ?

Outbreaks of upper respiratory syndrome, including conjunctivitis, sneezing and coughing, and low mortality, can distinguish swine influenza from other upper respiratory diseases in pigs. In differential diagnosis, attention should be paid to the difference between swine asthma and this disease, which are most easily confused. ?

Prevention and treatment measures There is no effective vaccine and special treatment for this disease. What is important is good nursing and keeping the pigsty clean, dry and warm, and free from thieves. Provide enough clean drinking water, and limit the supply of feed in the first few days of rehabilitation. Do not harass or move sick pigs during the onset to reduce stress death. ?

Swine influenza is characterized by sudden onset and rapid spread of the whole group. The main symptom is upper respiratory tract infection, which usually occurs in winter and spring and when the climate changes suddenly. The disease is also often secondary to Haemophilus suis disease. ?

Clinical symptoms and pathological changes?

The incidence of the disease is high, the incubation period is 2 ~ 7 days, and the course of disease is about 1 week. In the early stage of the disease, sick pigs suddenly developed fever, listlessness, loss of appetite or abandonment, often lying together, unwilling to move, having difficulty breathing, coughing violently, and mucus flowing out of eyes and nose. If the treatment is not timely in the onset period, it is easy to be complicated with bronchitis, pneumonia and pleurisy, which will increase the mortality of pigs. ?

The sick pig's body temperature rises as high as 40℃ ~ 41.5℃, with depressed spirit, loss of appetite or no food, muscle pain, unwillingness to stand, sticky liquid flowing out of eyes and nose, conjunctival congestion, breathing difficulties in some sick pigs, panting, coughing, abdominal breathing, sitting posture of dogs, and asthma sounds in some sick pigs at night, especially joint pain in some sick pigs. ?

Autopsy showed that the larynx, trachea and bronchus were filled with mucus containing bubbles, the mucosa was congested and swollen, sometimes mixed with blood, the interstitial lung was widened, lymph nodes were swollen, congestion and splenomegaly, there was catarrhal inflammation in gastrointestinal mucosa, and liquid containing cellulose was accumulated in thoracic cavity and pericardial cavity. ?

Popular characteristics? Pigs of all ages, sexes and breeds are susceptible to this virus. The epidemic of this disease has obvious seasonality, and it is easy to happen in late autumn, early spring and cold winter with changeable weather. The disease spreads rapidly and is often endemic or pandemic. The incidence of this disease is high and the mortality is low (4% ~10%). Sick pigs and infected pigs are the sources of swine flu infection, and pigs are infected for 6-8 weeks after recovery. ?

Clinical features? The incubation period of the disease is very short, ranging from several hours to several days, and the average natural onset is 4 days. At the initial stage of the disease, the body temperature of sick pigs suddenly rose to 40.3 ~ 41.5℃, anorexia or loss of appetite, extreme weakness and even collapse, often lying on the ground. Shortness of breath, abdominal breathing, paroxysmal cough. Mucus flows from the eyes and nose, and nasal secretions sometimes carry blood. Sick pigs lie together, it is difficult to move, the muscles feel stiff and painful, diaphragm spasm occurs, and breathing is frustrated, which is generally called hiccups. If there is secondary infection, the disease will get worse and cellulose hemorrhagic pneumonia or enteritis will occur. Sows are infected during pregnancy, and the piglets born are very ill 2 ~ 5 days after delivery, and some die during lactation and before and after weaning. ?

Pathological changes? The pathological changes of swine flu are mainly in respiratory organs. The mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchus are congested and swollen, and the surfaces are covered with viscous liquid, and the bronchioles and bronchioles are filled with foam-like exudates. A large amount of slurry mixed with cellulose is accumulated in the chest cavity and pericardium cavity. Lung lesions often occur in the back and basal part of the pointed lobe, heart lobe, interlobular lobe and diaphragm lobe, which have obvious boundaries with the surrounding tissues. The color is from red to purple, collapsed and firm, and its toughness is like leather. Spleen is swollen, and cervical lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes and bronchial lymph nodes are swollen and juicy. ?

As of April 27, 2009, Mexico died of suspected infection 8 1 person?

According to the incidence, clinical symptoms and pathological changes, it can be preliminarily diagnosed that the pig herd is secondary to influenza. ?

Prevention measures?

1, strengthen feeding management, improve the nutritional needs of pigs, clean the environment regularly, and isolate the sick pigs in time. ?

2. Qingkailing injection+Lincomycin hydrochloride injection+powerful amoxicillin, 0.2 ml ~0.5 ml per kilogram of body weight, mixed intramuscular injection once a day for 3 days. ?

3. Mix antiviral powder I (400 kg/bag) and doxycycline 300ppm into the feed and mix evenly. Continuous mixing 10 day; At the same time, electrolytic multidimensional is added to drinking water. After taking the above treatment measures, the disease was quickly controlled and the whole group recovered after 3 days. ?

4. Jingfangbaidu Powder has special effects in preventing swine flu. ?

5, timely isolation, pens, feeding utensils should be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, leftover materials and water should be buried deeply or treated without pollution, and 0.05% moroxydine hydrochloride (Virin) should be added to the pig's diet for feeding 1 week. ?

6. Drinking pigs with 250g mung bean, Bupleurum chinense, Radix Isatidis100g and decocted water10kg has a good preventive effect. ?

Treatment?

Symptomatic treatment should be given to sick pigs to prevent secondary infection. Optional: 15% moroxydine hydrochloride injection, 25 mg per kilogram of pig's body weight, intramuscular injection twice a day, and continuous injection for 2 days. 30% metamizole sodium injection, 30 mg per kg of pig weight, intramuscular injection, twice a day, for 2 days. If the whole group is infected, it can be fed with traditional Chinese medicine. Chinese prescription: Herba Schizonepetae, Flos Lonicerae, Folium Isatidis, Radix Bupleuri, Radix Puerariae, Scutellariae Radix, Caulis Akebiae, Radix Isatidis, Glycyrrhrizae Radix, and Zingiberis Rhizoma each 25-50g (each head weighs about 50kg). The medicine is dried in the sun, crushed into fine powder, and mixed with the feed. If there is no appetite, it can be taken by decoction, generally 1 dose. ?

Swine influenza is caused by swine flu virus, which often occurs suddenly, with body temperature of 40-4 1.℃, dyspnea, cough and serous fluid from eyes and nose, and can recover within one week. Treatment: ① intramuscular injection of 4-6ml of Baierding injection; Or metamizole sodium injection 4- 1Oml intramuscular injection once a day. ② 20-60 pieces of yeast tablets, artificial salt 10-30g, and * * * are ground into powder and fed with feed once a day for 3 days. ?

The disease of pigs is due to climate change, poor enclosure and low feeding management level in the main livestock farm, which leads to influenza in pigs. At the same time, due to the longer illness time, the sick pigs are infected with Haemophilus suis. The disease should be strengthened in feeding management, disinfected regularly, and pigs should be found and treated early, and drugs should be used according to the course of treatment. ?

[Edit this paragraph] Symptoms and prevention of human swine flu?

Symptoms of human infection with swine flu The symptoms of human infection with swine flu are similar to those of a cold. Patients may have fever, cough, fatigue and loss of appetite. In terms of prevention, there is no need to get together for human influenza vaccine at this stage, because seasonal influenza vaccine has no effect on preventing swine flu. The correct way is to develop good personal hygiene habits, get enough sleep, exercise diligently, reduce stress and have enough nutrition; Wash your hands frequently, especially after touching public goods, wash your hands before touching your eyes, nose and mouth; Cover your nose and mouth with paper towels when sneezing and coughing; Keep the room ventilated, etc. ?

On April 23, 2009, officials of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pointed out that the preliminary study detected that the swine flu virus prevalent this time was influenza A virus, carrying H 1N 1 subtype swine flu virus strains, including RNA gene fragments of three influenza viruses: avian influenza, swine influenza and human influenza, and having the characteristics of Asian swine flu and African swine flu viruses. Medical tests show that the current mainstream antiviral drugs are effective for this strain. ?

Because of the following reasons: the human influenza case is related to the animal influenza virus, and the virus that caused the epidemic in this laboratory has been confirmed to be a subtype of swine influenza virus A/H 1N 1, which is a new swine influenza virus that has never appeared in humans and pigs before; The epidemic of human infection with swine flu broke out in many communities; Most of the infected people are young adults, not the susceptible people of seasonal influenza-the elderly and children, which is very similar to human avian influenza. Who is highly concerned about the human swine flu epidemic in Mexico and the United States.

At present, China's port health and quarantine departments declare the temperature of entry personnel and detect the abnormal temperature by infrared rays, and isolate the abnormal people, so there is no need to worry about it. However, it usually takes three to five days from infection to onset of influenza virus, and the health quarantine at the port can't 100% intercept patients in the incubation period. Therefore, people who have recently returned from the above areas should go to the fever clinic immediately if they have fever symptoms. People who are going to Mexico and the United States should take personal protection. ?

The route of transmission of diseases in the population Cause:?

Respiratory infectious disease caused by swine flu virus, people will have flu-like symptoms after infection. ?

Symptoms:?

Similar to a cold, there are high fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia and so on. Another report said that the main manifestations of the cases found in the United States were sudden fever, cough, muscle pain and fatigue, and some of them also had symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting; Mexico also found symptoms such as redness of eyes, headache and runny nose. ?

Spread fast:

The human body has no natural antibody to the new mutant virus. ?

Mode of transmission:?

Sneezing, coughing and physical contact may all lead to the spread of the new swine flu virus among people. ?

Possible transmission routes:?

People who carry pathogens. ? Pigs carrying pathogens. ? It may be spread by wind, but this has not been confirmed. ? Birds, especially waterfowl, are the insect-resistant hosts of this virus. ? Secondary bacterial infection. ? Temperature fluctuation. ? Stress. ? Damp padding or floor. ?

Susceptible population:?

Most of the people who died of swine flu virus were between the ages of 25 and 45, and the patients infected with the virus were mainly young adults, not the elderly and children. ?

Prevention:?

1, reduce the chances of going to places where people are crowded; ?

2. Ensure diet, adequate sleep, diligent exercise, diligent hand washing, indoor ventilation, etc., and develop good personal hygiene habits. ?

3. Pay special attention to cooking, especially washing raw pork and poultry (especially waterfowl). Especially in the case of skin damage. It is recommended to minimize contact opportunities; ?

4, you can consider wearing a mask to reduce the possibility of wind-borne transmission; ?

5. Take Radix Isatidis regularly (with certain regularity), and make tea with Folium Isatidis, Folium Menthae and Flos Lonicerae. ?

6, pay special attention to similar clinical manifestations, cause attention. Especially sudden high fever, conjunctival flushing, cough, purulent discharge and other symptoms. ?

Treatment:?

1, it is reported that Tamiflu is effective within 48 hours after infection; ?

2. It is reported that the general treatment of viruses, such as: Viral Spirit, has a certain effect; ?

3, antibiotics to deal with upper respiratory tract infections and complications; ?

4, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, such as paracetamol, symptomatic treatment; ?

5. Have a good rest and drink plenty of water; ?

6. It is important to see a regular hospital in time when symptoms appear. ?

How do people get infected with swine flu?

It may be through contact with infected pigs or the environment infected by swine flu virus, or through contact with people infected with swine flu virus. The symptoms of people infected with swine flu are similar to those of ordinary people, including fever, cough, sore throat, body pain, headache, chills and fatigue, and some of them will have diarrhea and vomiting, and in severe cases, they will have pneumonia, respiratory failure and even death. ?

The mortality rate of people infected with swine flu:?

The death rate of swine flu is 6.77%, which is higher than that of common flu. There are two main reasons for its high death rate: First, the virus is fierce; Second, people didn't pay attention to the new disease at first, thinking it was a common cold. Many people took some medicine casually and missed the best treatment period of 72 hours at the beginning of the disease. ?

Personal protective measures are:

Avoid contact with respiratory patients with flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) or pneumonia; Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing; Avoid contact with pigs or going to places with pigs; Avoid going to crowded places; Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, and then throw the tissue into the trash can; If you have flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) abroad, you should seek medical treatment immediately (you should wear a mask when seeking medical treatment) and explain it to the local public health institutions and inspection and quarantine departments. ?

[Edit this paragraph] Q&A on swine flu epidemic?

Ways and symptoms of human infection with swine flu 1, what is swine flu? ?

Swine flu is an acute respiratory infection caused by swine flu virus, which often occurs in pigs, but rarely leads to the death of pigs. ?

2. Can people suffer from swine flu? ?

Usually, human beings are rarely infected with swine flu virus. However, in recent years, some cases of human swine flu have been found, and most of the patients have had direct contact with sick pigs, such as breeders. ?

3. Can the swine flu virus be transmitted from person to person? ?

At present, it has been confirmed that there are cases of human-to-human transmission of swine flu virus, and its transmission route is similar to seasonal flu, usually through coughing and sneezing of infected people. ?

4. How do people get infected? ?

People usually get swine flu from infected pigs, however, some cases have no contact with pigs or the environment where pigs have existed. To some extent, people and people? Contact will lead to transmission, but only for close contact and closed people. ?

5. Can pork be infected? ?

There is no evidence that swine flu is caused by eating properly handled pork or pork products. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pointed out that when pork is heated to 7 1 Celsius, it can kill the swine flu virus, and people will not be infected with swine flu by eating pork or pig products. ?

6. What are the symptoms of swine flu? ?

Experts from the World Health Organization say that the symptoms of swine flu are similar to other flu symptoms, such as high fever, cough, fatigue and anorexia. Another report said that the main manifestations of the cases found in the United States were sudden fever, cough, muscle pain and fatigue, and some of them also had symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting; Mexico also found symptoms such as redness of eyes, headache and runny nose. ?

7. Is Mexican swine flu the same as American swine flu? ?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed that the swine flu virus that killed dozens of people in Mexico and the virus that infected dozens of people in the United States are both A/H 1N 1 type, and this strain is a new variant virus. ?

8. What are the characteristics of this swine flu epidemic? ?

WHO emphasizes that children and the elderly are usually more susceptible to influenza virus infection, but most of the swine flu virus infected people in Mexico this time are young people. ?

9. Is there any specific medicine for treating human swine flu? ?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that at present, there is no specific drug for human swine flu infection. There are four kinds of anti-influenza drugs commonly used, but clinically, this mutant virus is resistant to two of them. ?

There are two kinds of drugs. 1）? adamantanes? (adamantanes and remantadine? ）? , and 2? ) neuraminidase inhibitor of influenza (Tamiflu oseltamivir? And zanamiway? zanamivir）? . ?

In the past, most cases of swine flu were reported to be completely recovered, and no medical care and antiviral drugs were needed. ?

Some influenza viruses are resistant to antiviral drugs, which limits the therapeutic effect. Recently, human cases infected with swine flu virus from the United States were sensitive to Tamiflu and zanamivir-resistant amantadine and remantadine. ?

The information is not enough to suggest the use of antiviral drugs to treat swine flu virus infection. Clinicians must evaluate patients according to their clinical and physiological conditions and consider the possible positive and negative effects of treatment. In the United States and Mexico, where swine flu virus is erupting, the national and local authorities recommend using oseltamivir or zanamivir for treatment in the virus susceptibility manual. ?

10. Is there an anti-swine flu vaccine? ?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that at present, there is only an anti-swine flu vaccine for pigs, but it has not been specifically used for humans. As far as the current situation is concerned, the common anti-influenza vaccine has no obvious effect on human resistance to swine flu. ?

1 1, how can I protect myself from being infected by patients infected with swine flu? ?

To protect yourself, you can take general measures to prevent influenza:

Avoid close contact with people with unwell symptoms, fever and cough. ?

Wash your hands often and thoroughly with soap and water. ?

Develop good hygiene habits, including getting enough sleep, eating nutritious food and persisting in physical exercise. ?

If there are patients at home:

Try to provide patients with a separate room in the house. If this is not possible, keep the patient at least 1 m away from others. ?

Cover your mouth and nose when taking care of patients. You can buy masks for sale or make them with ready-made materials that have been disposed of or properly treated. ?

Wash your hands thoroughly with water and soap after each contact with the patient. ?

Try to improve the air circulation in the patient's residence. Use doors and windows through doors and windows, and use the wind. ?

Keep the environment clean and provide household cleaning agents at any time. ?

12. What should I do if I think I have swine flu? ?

If you feel unwell, have a high fever, cough and/or sore throat:

Stay at home as much as possible, away from work, school or crowds. ?

Rest and drink enough liquid. ?

When coughing and sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with disposable paper towels and dispose of used paper towels properly. ?

Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water often, especially when coughing or sneezing. ?

Inform your family and friends about your illness, seek help from others, and make contact with others such as shopping on your behalf. ?

If you need medical care:

Contact your doctor or health care provider, then go to see a doctor and report your symptoms. Explain why you think you have swine flu (for example, recently traveled to a country? Home, there is an outbreak of swine flu in the crowd). Treat according to the advice he provided. ?

If you can't communicate with your health care provider in advance, communicate with the health care institution immediately and explain your dressing change for swine flu. ?

Pay attention to cover your nose and mouth during the trip. ?

[Edit this paragraph] What is the outbreak history of swine flu?

19 18 Spanish influenza (Spanish? Flu), H 1N 1 virus, first appeared in Australia in 19 17, and affected many places in the world, including Europe, the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The death toll is estimated at 50 million. ?

H 1 Evolution Schedule of Swine Influenza Virus1American Swine Influenza in 976, 19 18 years of H 1N 1 virus variants. 25 people died. However, this flu brought a public health management crisis to the Ford government at that time. Ford government aims to cover all Americans. By the end of the vaccine program, only 24% of the American population had been covered. ?

1976 In February, an influenza outbreak caused by swine (H 1N 1) subtype strain occurred in the new barracks in Fort Dix, New Jersey, USA. About 200 people were infected and one died. At that time, President Ford wanted to be re-elected, and personally approved 1.35 billion dollars to prepare swine flu vaccine for universal immunization, while other countries held a wait-and-see attitude. As a result, the United States made a mistake in speculation and the vaccine ended in failure, which caused many objections and lawsuits. Ford approved the adventure plan for the presidential election, and the pig farm protested that it would change the swine flu to New Jersey flu to prevent residents from talking about pigs. This influenza and pathogen analysis shows that swine influenza virus is directly transmitted from pigs to humans. ?

In the past, cases of human infection with swine flu virus were rare, and swine flu virus usually did not spread from person to person. From 2005 1 February to 20091month, only 12 cases of human swine flu were found in the United States, of which 1 1 people had direct contact with pigs. ?

Swine flu in the Philippines in 2007. The mortality rate accounts for 10% of infected people. ?

In April 2009, a large-scale swine flu (A/H 1N 1 Influenza) broke out in Mexico. Most patients in the United States and Mexico have never been exposed to pigs, and the Mexican government has ruled out the possibility of eating pork to get infected with the virus at this stage. The virus has been confirmed to be transmitted in human-to-human form. In interpersonal transmission, scientists point out that sneezing, coughing and physical contact may lead to the spread of a new swine flu virus (A/H 1N 1 influenza virus) among people. ?

Michael Osterham of the University of Minnesota, a well-known American influenza expert, said on April 24th, 2009 that the spread of influenza virus is amazing, and when people found the infected person, they might have missed the best time to control the spread of this new virus. Michael Osterham is worried that tourists who have recently entered and exited Mexico City International Airport may have arrived around the world with the virus. ?

What is the epidemic trend of swine flu (A/H 1N 1 flu) in 2009? Epidemic situation map Relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Health of China in April 2009? On the 25th, it was said that the Ministry of Health had received a notification from the World Health Organization that there had been an outbreak of human infection with A/H1N1swine flu in the United States and Mexico. In this regard, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and other relevant departments attach great importance to and pay close attention to it. ?

The Ministry of Health and other departments are organizing experts to analyze the virus sequence, judge the impact of the epidemic, study the prevention and control measures such as entry-exit inspection and quarantine for imported cases, and improve relevant prevention and control plans; And pay close attention to the progress of the epidemic, strengthen contact with the World Health Organization, the United States and the Mexican government, track further detailed information on the epidemic and its prevention and control, and do a good job according to the development trend of the epidemic. ?

According to the World Health Organization, human infection with swine flu A/H1N1has occurred in the United States and Mexico. Since March 18, 2009, influenza-like cases in Mexico have been on the rise. As of April 28th, there have been three outbreaks in Mexico, with more than 3,000 reported cases and 103 deaths, with a fatality rate of 7%. Most of the cases are young people. At the same time, the United States reported 10 confirmed cases and 9 suspected cases, with mild symptoms and no death. According to the preliminary results of laboratory tests, swine flu A/H1N1virus causing this epidemic has not been detected in pigs or humans before. ?

It is understood that the symptoms of people infected with swine flu are similar to those of colds, and patients will have fever, cough, fatigue, loss of appetite and so on. In terms of prevention, Xu Ruiheng believes that it is not necessary to get together for human influenza vaccine at this stage, because seasonal influenza vaccine has no effect on preventing swine flu. The correct way is to develop good personal hygiene habits, get enough sleep, exercise diligently, reduce stress and have enough nutrition; Wash your hands frequently, especially after touching public goods, wash your hands before touching your eyes, nose and mouth; Cover your nose and mouth with paper towels when sneezing and coughing; Keep the room ventilated, etc. ?

[Edit this paragraph] Similarities and differences among swine flu, avian flu and SARS:?

Different routes of transmission, bird flu has not been found to spread from person to person, but only from poultry to people; SARS has confirmed the spread between people; Swine flu now seems very likely to spread in two ways, that is, from pigs to people and from person to person. ?

The causes of death are the same, and the manifestations of these three diseases are similar, that is, the symptoms of influenza, including cough, sore throat, runny nose, fever, etc., all severe patients suffer from pneumonia, which eventually leads to refractory respiratory failure and death. ?

The lack of effective treatment is also the same point of the three. ?

At the same time, all three pose a threat to human beings and cause death.