1, how to use contraception more reliably
contraceptive
Short-acting oral medicine is the first choice
Generally speaking, contraceptives have three kinds: long-acting, short-acting and emergency. Long-acting contraceptives are divided into long-acting oral contraceptives and long-acting contraceptive injections, both of which have the advantages of convenient use, and only need to take one tablet or inject once a month, but the former may cause early pregnancy reaction and increase leucorrhea, while the latter may cause menstrual disorder with large dosage.
Short-acting oral contraceptives are one of the safest and most effective contraceptive methods at present. The new short-acting oral contraceptive is easy to use, which is helpful to treat dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, irregular menstruation, short menstrual period and anemia, and prevent endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. You can get pregnant after stopping taking medicine, which has no effect on ovarian function and high safety. It is very suitable for young people who don't want to have children for the time being and are in good health.
The disadvantage is that it needs to be taken daily, which is a big challenge for people with poor memory. The most common side effect of oral contraceptives is that it is easy to cause thrombosis, so patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes are not suitable for using such contraceptives.
Emergency contraception, also known as the morning-after contraceptive, refers to the contraceptive method used to prevent pregnancy for a period of time after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure, and should generally be applied within 24~72 hours after sex.
Its biggest advantage is that it is an effective "regret medicine" after unprotected sex, but its disadvantage is that its effect is unreliable and its side effects are relatively large, which will disturb the normal menstrual cycle. It is not suitable for repeated use, and it can only be taken once a year at most. If it exceeds this frequency, it is likely to cause irregular menstruation and damage the endometrium.
intrauterine device
Take it out after menopause 1 year.
Advantages:
It can be used for 5~6 years once placed, which is economical, simple and safe. Take it out and restore the ability to conceive.
Disadvantages:
It may cause side effects such as increased menstrual blood or irregular menstruation, lower abdomen pain and low back pain.
Applicable people:
Women who don't want to give birth in the short term, are breastfeeding or obese can consider using contraceptive rings. However, women with dysmenorrhea and excessive menstrual blood are not suitable, otherwise the contraceptive ring may fall off and increase the risk of inflammation.
It should be specially reminded that the IUD should be removed after menopause 1 year. If the IUD is not removed for many years after menopause, it will bring a lot of troubles, such as: the IUD is incarcerated, and the IUD will gradually grow into the myometrium due to the thinning of the endometrium after menopause, so it is difficult to remove the IUD by routine hysteroscopy, which will increase the psychological and economic burden of patients; At the same time, it also hinders some imaging examinations.
condom
Check carefully before use.
Advantages:
It is economical, simple and has no side effects, and can be used for contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.
Disadvantages:
Poor acceptance, need male cooperation, and need to use every time. Before use, you need to carefully check whether it is within the warranty period and whether it is damaged.
Applicable people:
Condom is suitable for a wide range of people, but it needs to be reminded that it also has models. Using condoms that are too small or too large will not only affect sexual pleasure, but also affect erectile function, rupture or fall off.
It is recommended to measure it briefly before purchasing, and then adjust the model according to your feelings.
sterilize
People who don't need to have children can choose.
Advantages:
Once and for all, no side effects.
Disadvantages:
Need a minor traumatic operation.
Applicable people:
People who don't need to have children.
Safe period contraception
The failure rate is high, please use it with caution.
Advantages:
It is economical, safe and has no side effects.
Disadvantages:
For women who are most suitable for the regular menstrual cycle, three days before ovulation and four days after ovulation, about one week is the critical period, and other days are the safe period.
Women's menstrual cycle is rarely static, and most people's ovulation is not so accurate, which will be affected by various factors and change. Therefore, the failure rate of contraception in safe period is high, so it should be used with caution.
Applicable people:
Couples with very regular menstrual cycle and little stress in life who live together for a long time.
coitus?interruptus
The failure rate is high, please use it with caution.
Advantages:
Economical, convenient and without side effects.
Disadvantages:
It needs strong self-control and control, and the secretion from men when they are excited contains a small amount of sperm, which leads to contraceptive failure.
2. Contraceptive methods for different women
1. You are a new mother
It's best not to take birth control pills every day, because you must be so busy as a new mother, or you may forget to take the pills and cause contraceptive failure.
Use condoms, or use in vitro methods, because at this time, your sexual life with your partner is relatively mature, and you can master and control the time and opportunity of sexual life; You can also place an intrauterine device, which can also promote uterine contraction. However, if you have a caesarean section, it is better to use the first two contraceptive methods first, and it will give the uterus plenty of recovery time after half a year.
Your menstruation is a little abnormal.
If you have too much menstruation, don't place an intrauterine contraceptive ring. Its stimulation will easily lead to more menstruation. Don't take birth control pills if you have too little menstruation or even frequent menopause. The former has the effect of reducing menstrual flow with oral contraceptives; The latter is better to place intrauterine devices.
You meet him after a long separation.
Don't use rhythm contraception. Because in the excitement, you are likely to "ovulate impromptu" or "ovulate early". Use condoms, oral contraceptives for visiting relatives, and emergency contraceptives.
4. You choose to breastfeed your baby.
During lactation, the level of progesterone in your body is high, and progesterone can inhibit ovulation, which has a certain contraceptive effect in itself, but it is very prone to sudden ovulation during this period, so you can't use safe period contraception; Contraceptive pills mixed with estrogen and progesterone can inhibit milk secretion and enter the baby through milk, which affects the growth and development of the baby and is not suitable for use.
The first choice for contraception is condoms, cervical caps or intrauterine devices, or vaginal contraceptive which is not absorbed by the body, such as contraceptive membrane and suppository.
5. You are allergic.
Topical contraceptive ointment or membrane can easily cause mucous membrane allergy in women's private parts, and cervical cap or intrauterine device can increase secretion and cause inflammation. If you are severely allergic, maybe even condoms can't adapt. When you choose a contraceptive method, you are bound to be subject to many restrictions. If your menstruation is regular, you'd better use a safe period contraceptive method. If you and your husband are already parents, you can also consider one of them for sterilization.
6. You or he has hepatitis B.
If the patient is you, then you should not take birth control pills that will increase the burden on the liver and worsen the condition, and you should not place intrauterine devices, because poor liver function will reduce prothrombin in your body, affect blood coagulation function, and it is easy to bleed. IUDs will cause menorrhagia or uterine bleeding.
Condom is the first choice, which can prevent hepatitis B from being transmitted through sexual life, and any other contraceptive method has no effect of blocking infectious diseases.
Nowadays, there are many contraceptive methods available to women in society, such as condoms, birth control pills and rings, but would you really choose? Watch out! Maybe you hurt your health because of your improper choice.
7. Do you have heart disease, hypertension, diabetes or nephritis?
Don't try any oral drugs, injection drugs, subcutaneous embedding drugs and other methods, because that will increase the burden on organs and worsen your original condition.
It is best to use tools for contraception, such as condoms and cervical caps. Because your illness increases the risk factor for future pregnancy, you can also have sterilization if you decide to be infertile for life.
8. You are always disturbed by dysmenorrhea.
Placement of intrauterine devices and other methods will aggravate dysmenorrhea. Oral contraceptives or injectable contraceptives, subcutaneous embedding and other methods are the first choice, because estrogen and progesterone in drugs have a certain relief effect on dysmenorrhea.
9. You have female genital inflammation.
Use condoms with caution, because latex can aggravate the symptoms of female genital inflammation or cause female genital allergies.
It is best to use the safe period contraceptive method. Sperm can be disinfected and sterilized, which has a certain therapeutic effect on chronic female genital inflammation. If your illness is mild, it is better to take birth control pills; Sexual intercourse should be suspended when the illness is serious and urgent, so as to avoid cross-infection to lovers.
10. Do you have cervical erosion or chronic pelvic inflammatory disease?
You can't put IUD in the uterus, which will stimulate the cervical mucosa and aggravate inflammation and edema. It's best to let him use condoms or use rhythm contraception.
1 1. You have a lump in your breast.
If the diagnosis of the lump is unclear or there is a possibility of malignant transformation, never take any birth control pills to avoid aggravating the condition. It is advisable to use tools for contraception, such as condoms or intrauterine devices, and female genital rings.
12. You are not "wet" enough.
Don't take birth control pills containing only progesterone, it will make you "more dry and less pleasant". You can take contraceptives containing estrogen and place intrauterine devices or female genital rings, which can make female private parts more lubricated and secrete more.
13. You suffered from abortion.
On the one hand, the uterus needs a period of time to recover, and on the other hand, the ovulation period is around 14 days after the operation, so you should say "no" to him who "shows love" to you within one month after the operation. If the uterus contracts well during abortion, it is best to put the IUD in at that time, which saves time and trouble. However, it is better to use condoms for people who have used IUD but have fallen off many times or even become pregnant with IUD.