Dendrobium.
(2) Site conditions.
Wild or imitation wild environment, altitude 230-800 meters, pH 6.5-7.2, organic matter content 1%-2%.
(3) Cultivation techniques.
1. Seed collection and seedling selection: mature Dendrobium capsules are collected in the producing area in the last ten days of each year 165438+ 10, and tissue culture seedlings are produced by tissue culture technology. Select healthy wild seedlings or tissue culture seedlings without pests and diseases for production.
2. Planting time: the planting time in spring is from late February to early April; Autumn cultivation time is from late September to165438+1mid-October.
3. On-site management:
(1) Water and fertilizer management: decomposed farmyard manure 1650kg/667m2 (mu), Dendrobium special fertilizer 50kg/667m2 (mu), and Dendrobium nutrient solution 400 times; Water the substrate and keep it moist.
(2) Weeding: Remove weeds around the rhizosphere at any time. However, it is not suitable to weed in high temperature season, and don't hurt the roots when pulling weeds.
(4) harvesting and processing.
1. Harvest: 165438+ every year1late October. Mainly collect stems and branches whose leaves have turned yellow and fallen off for more than two years. The harvesting method is to cut off the old plants from the stem base with scissors, leaving the young plants to continue to grow and harvest in the next year.
2. Handling:
Fresh products: harvesting → removing roots and leaves → storing.
Dried products: harvesting → removing roots and leaves → soaking → kneading → removing film → drying → baking (7 ~ 80% dry) → sweating (turning golden yellow) → baking again (completely dry).
(5) Quality characteristics.
1. Sensory characteristics:
(1) fresh: the rhizome is round-headed and slightly enlarged; The lower part of the stem is cylindrical, the middle part is flat and the top is blunt and round; Sometimes all slender, subcylindric or not obviously compressed; Leaf sheaths are light gray white and membranous; The raceme has 1 ~ 4 flowers, white and purplish red; Colors range from light grayish green, green to yellowish green.
(2) Dried products: many small curved strips or strips without roots and leaf sheaths; With longitudinal ribs and contraction; The color is yellow.
2. Physical and chemical indexes: the alkaloid content is 0.38% ~ 0.58%, and the polysaccharide content is 1.50% ~ 2.50%. Producers within the scope of protection of geographical indication products of Dendrobium nobile in Chishui can apply to Guizhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau for the use of "special signs for geographical indication products", which will be announced and approved by the AQSIQ.