A, planting conditions
1. Soil
Taro is a crop that likes fertilizer. Choose deep, organic matter-rich loam or clay loam soil to ensure that the bulbs growing underground can absorb rich nutrients. The optimum pH is 5.5-7.
2. Temperature
The taro is native to India and prefers high temperatures. During the growth process, the temperature is kept at 20-30°C.
3. Moisture
No matter which variety is wet. Dry taro needs moist soil, while water taro needs a certain layer of water.
4. Light conditions
No strong light, appropriate low light.
Two, planting method
1. Planting preparation
The soil for planting taro is rich in fertility and nutrients, and the soil layer is deep. After selecting the address, reclaim the land and open ditch, 50 centimeters wide, 35 centimeters deep, row spacing of about 80-100 centimeters. After digging the ditches, fill them with fertilizer.
2. Sowing
Before sowing, complete seed taro should be spread and dried for a few days, then placed indoors and covered with wet sand to germinate. At this time, the room temperature is kept at 20-25℃. It will germinate in about 20 days. Once the taro seeds have germinated, they can be planted. 4500-6000 plants per acre. Cultivation is done in small and large rows, sown at 27-33cm plant spacing, 60cm large row spacing and 30cm small row spacing.
3. Watering
Taro should not be watered before emergence, and should be kept moist in the middle and late stages. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. After 80 days of feathering, drill holes and fertilize next to the plant while watering. Taro should avoid dry soil. There will be yellow and dead leaves in drought, but the soil is too wet and waterlogged for root growth. Seedling soil is well hydrated and should not be watered. The soil is dry and moist during the seedling stage and should be drained when it rains.
Taro planting methods and precautions
4. Soil tillage
In taro seedling period, with fertilizer, plowing to kill grass, warm ground. At the end of the seedling, mid-tillage should be carried out and the cultivation furrow should be leveled. Then, the soil is planted every 20 days, with a thickness of 7 centimeters,**** twice. The purpose of soil cultivation is to inhibit the germination and growth of the terminal buds of seed taro and grandson taro, reduce nutrient consumption, enable taro to fully expand and produce a large number of adventitious roots, and improve the drought resistance of the plant.
5. Harvest season
Taro should be harvested in time after maturity. The Yangtze River Basin early sowing early varieties are mostly harvested in early September to early October, late sowing varieties are mostly harvested in late September to late October, and mid-late maturing varieties are mostly harvested in late September to early November. Due to the needs of the market, the harvest can be appropriately advanced or delayed, but generally should be completed before the frost to prevent taro frost damage.
6. Seed saving
Taro should be planted in a high yielding place with neat and consistent growth, and choose plants with the characteristics of the variety as seed plants. Seedpods should wilt and turn yellow at ground level, and seed taro should be harvested on a sunny day when the seed taro is fully grown. Multi-seeded taro should be 25-50 grams, small taro should be 15 grams or more, and Quebec taro should be 25 grams or more.
Three, precautions and precautions
In the whole process of taro planting, pay attention to temperature and moisture control. We should not be too wet or too dry, and the temperature should not be too low.
It is mainly used to control pests and diseases. Taro may be attacked by fungal and bacterial diseases such as taro wilt and soft rot throughout the growing process, which should be prevented and controlled in time. Medication should be started before the onset of the disease and water and fertilizer management should be strengthened. For aphids, slash moths, underground pests and other pests, appropriate drugs are needed.
The cultivation of taro is not difficult. The emphasis is on careful management of its growth process. The entire ecological environment in which taro grows must be maintained in order to maximize the economic benefits.