The whole border and planting specifications
The width of single row is 60 cm, the width of double rows is 100 cm, the spacing between plants is 40 cm, and the holes are carefully dug, and each mu is about 1500 plants. It's best to sprinkle some insect repellent in the pit before applying base fertilizer.
Fertilization method: firstly, apply pig and chicken decomposed manure or fermented vegetable cake fertilizer into the hole and mix it evenly with soil to make base fertilizer; Human manure or pig urine water and fertilizer should be applied on the day after planting to promote its early growth and rapid growth.
After 7 days, topdressing human excrement and urine water fertilizer once, and adding150g ammonium bicarbonate into each urine bucket; After flowering and fruiting, apply 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu every month to protect flowers and fruits with strong stems.
Mix an appropriate amount of base fertilizer into the plot or wooden box where the seedlings are planned to be raised, and finely pour the permeable fertilizer, then sow the tiny seeds into the soil one by one at a spacing of 7- 10 cm, cover them with wet fine sand, spray them with a sprayer while drying to prevent impulsive seeds, and sow them in 7- 15 days; Use trichlorfon or fenvalerate to kill pests and transplant seedlings to 10 cm.
The cutting branches of eggplant have strong germination ability, and each plant has 3-4 branches10-20 cm as fruiting branches, and all the other branches are cut for seedling raising and sowing or for livestock feed; After flowering and fruiting, only 1-2 fruits can be left in each bouquet, so that the fruits are large and of good quality.
After hanging the fruit, the branches can't bear the weight of the fruit, so it is necessary to cut the fruit with 60- 100 cm long bamboo strips and tie the fruit firmly to prevent the loss caused by the broken branches and fruit rot.
There are no seeds in high temperature period, and there are a few seeds in suitable temperature period. The 1000-grain weight of seeds is about 65438 0 g, and the germination rate is low, only sparse sowing and heavy test-tube seedlings are more.
For example, when cutting seedlings, healthy and disease-free branches should be selected for cutting, and then each section should be 10- 12 cm long, and the soil should be inserted 3-5 cm. Water and fertilizer management and pest control should be strengthened after logging. Usually it can be transplanted or sold after 25 days.
Eggplant and melon are suitable for field cultivation in south subtropical region or protected cultivation in middle subtropical region.
The suitable temperature for growth is 25℃, which can withstand low temperature of 3~5℃ and freeze to death below 0℃.
It can blossom and bear fruit continuously at 15~30℃, with long continuous fruiting time and high fruit setting rate, and the yield per mu can reach 2000~3000 kg.
In recent years, the introduction of cultivation in our city has achieved success.
Soil preparation, fertilization and planting: Choose neutral soil with convenient irrigation, ventilation and light transmission, and loose and fertile soil for planting.
Eggplant and melon are perennial herbs, and each mu should be applied with sufficient fertilizer, farmyard manure of 4000-5000 kg and ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 50-70 kg, with row spacing of 40-70 cm and deep ploughing of 20-30 cm. Then the land should be leveled and made into a strip bed with a width of 70 cm, and the bed surface is 65438+ higher than the ground.
Select strong seedlings with height of about 15cm, many branches, thick branches, lush leaves and no pests and diseases, and plant them in the shape of 50cm× 50cm. It is generally advisable to plant it tonight, with 2000~3000 plants per mu.
After planting, water your feet.
In addition to applying base fertilizer, topdressing should be done twice: topdressing once when the seedlings grow to about 30 cm; Another time, when the fruit seedlings were close to flowering, 3 kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied per mu and poured at a distance of 10 cm from the main roots of the seedlings.
Boron fertilizer or trace elements such as Su Baofeng No.2 should be properly applied during flowering and fruiting.
A small amount of NPK compound fertilizer should be applied frequently, and attention should be paid to intertillage weeding. Generally, apply fertilizer once every 10 day, and apply more potassium fertilizer after flowering.
March-June and September-165438+1October are the periods when eggplant and melon need the most water for growth, development, flowering and fruiting, so water them in time.
Eggplant and melon have strong germination ability, so they should be pruned and raked in time. From the part above 15~20 cm, select 3~5 robust and evenly distributed branches as the main branches, and cut off all the others.
Leave 2~3 inflorescences on each side branch, 2~3 fruits on each inflorescence, and all the other inflorescences and small fruits are thinned out.
Only 30 fruits can be produced per plant at most.
Because the stems of eggplant and melon are soft, it is necessary to build a frame with bamboo poles or plastic ropes at the beginning of the fruit to prevent lodging.
The main diseases of eggplant and melon are late blight and botrytis cinerea. Each mu can be mixed with chlorothalonil 1 10 ~ 150g water 400~800 times, botrytis cinerea 600~800 times, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl 1000 times. The main pests are aphids and red spiders, which can be used alternately with 1500 times triclosan, 1500 times pyridazinone and metsulfuron.
It should be noted that eggplant and melon are very sensitive to omethoate or dichlorvos and should be banned.
When the fruit has clear purple stripes on its appearance, or when the fruit has no stripes but the skin is bright and smooth, it can be harvested. If it needs to be stored, it can be harvested at the seventh and eighth maturity. The storage period is 40~60 days at room temperature, and it can be listed in the off-season from New Year's Day to Spring Festival.