Cultivation techniques There are many cultivation methods of Auricularia auricula, such as segment cultivation and substitute cultivation. This paper mainly introduces segment cultivation. (1) seed production: the strains include sawdust strains and branch strains, the former is made of sawdust and wheat bran into a culture medium; The latter is cut into 1cm length with branches with a diameter of 1 cm, added with nutrients such as sucrose and rice bran, bottled, autoclaved, inoculated with mother seeds, cultured at 25 ~ 28℃ for1month, and the mycelium can grow in full bottles. (2) Earwood preparation: Earwood should be prepared after the selection of the cultivation site. The commonly used species of Earwood are Araliaceae and Betula platyphylla. Select the ear tree with the diameter of10 ~12 cm at the height of the chest, cut it into1~1.2m long sections, paint the cross section with new lime, and then place it in a ventilated and sunny place. ③ Inoculation: The tools used for inoculation should be disinfected with ethanol in advance. First on the ear wood; Use an electric drill to drill the hole 1.5cm vertically with the hole spacing of 7cm. If sawdust is used, the hole should be filled, and the prefabricated bark cover should be covered tightly. After the branch strain is inserted into the inoculation hole, it is hammered tightly, so that it is flush with the surface of the section of wood without pores. ④ Planting management: First, pile the fungus, and pile the fungus-inoculated auricularia in the shape of "well" or "mountain". The appropriate temperature in the reactor is 20 ~ 28℃, and the relative humidity is about 80%. It takes 3 ~ 4 weeks in the south and 4 ~ 5 weeks in the north. When the mycelium has extended to xylem and produced a small number of ear buds, it should be piled up in time. Generally, tiled ostentation and extravagance is adopted, and one or both ends of the ear wood are erected with sleepers, which are neatly arranged on the cultivation field, and can be erected after about 1 month. Generally, the herringbone method is adopted for the erection. First, two wooden stakes with forks are buried, and the ground is set aside 70cm high. On the fork day, a crossbar is placed horizontally, and the ear wood stands obliquely on both sides of the crossbar. It is herringbone, with a distance of 7cm and an angle of about 45. The angle of auricularia can be larger in sunny days or new ones, and smaller in rainy days or every other year. During the erection stage, the temperature, humidity, light and ventilation conditions of the cultivation field must be adjusted well, but the management center is the water problem. It's best to separate after lifting the frame
There is a light rain in 3d and a moderate and heavy rain in half a month. In case of drought, water should be sprayed manually to solve the problem of dryness, wetness and wetness, and the relative humidity should be kept at about 90% ~ 95%. Water spraying should be carried out in the morning and evening.
The main miscellaneous bacteria that harm auricularia auricula by pest control are Charybdis annulata, Charybdis, Trametes robusta, Trametes vermicelli and so on. The main pests are pseudowalking insects, branch borers, four-spotted flowers (insect beetle), thrips and so on. Calcium lime (1:100 times solution), bactericide (1:100 times solution) and zinc chloride (1:50 times solution) can be used to prevent and control the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria. In addition, biological pesticides such as pyrethrum and tripterygium wilfordii can also be used to control pests.