In recent years, because the health care function of garlic has been gradually accepted by people, the area planted by farmers has also increased year after year, and the economic benefits of planting garlic are getting higher and higher. Of course, we need to adopt high-yield planting techniques to gradually increase garlic production. Next, the doctor of agriculture will introduce some high-yield cultivation techniques of garlic to you.

First, preparation before sowing 1, soil preparation and fertilization

Garlic is more suitable for planting in loose and fertile sandy loam rich in organic matter, and avoid saline-alkali soil and clay. Prepare the soil in time in autumn, and apply foot manure in combination with the soil preparation. Apply 5000 kg of decomposed high-quality farm manure and DAP 10 kg to one mu of land.

2, garlic and seed selection

When sowing and distributing garlic, we should choose garlic cloves with white color, hypertrophy of terminal buds and no disease or injury, and eliminate garlic cloves with bad roots, broken buds and rot. Subsequently, effective grading, partial sowing, peeling and heel removal were carried out according to large, medium and small, so as to promote garlic germination and root growth. If it is purple garlic, it is recommended to remove the skin from the garlic cloves and prepare for sowing.

Second, the appropriate sowing time 1, sowing date

Garlic sown in spring is based on soil thawing, and can be sown by topping. Garlic can sprout at 3-5 degrees, so there is a saying in the agricultural proverb that "plant early, harvest well, plant garlic late, and stare at nothing". According to the climatic conditions in the northern region, garlic planting time should start from the end of March to the end of early April.

2. Broadcasting method

The sowing methods of garlic can be divided into wet sowing and dry sowing, and both dry sowing and wet sowing can be used in spring. When sowing, the soil moisture should be good and the soil should be kept moist.

3. Density

When planting garlic in spring, the ridge spacing is 65-70 cm, with two rows on the ridge, the distance between rows is 20-25 cm, the spacing between plants is kept at 5.5 cm, and 30,000-40,000 seedlings are protected on an acre of land. The ridge spacing of the small ridge is 35cm, with a single row on the ridge and a plant spacing of 5.5cm. There are 35,000 seedlings per mu of planting land.

4. Sowing depth

Garlic is more suitable for shallow planting, the suitable depth of ridge planting is 3-5 cm, and the sowing depth should be consistent.

Fertilization management skills of garlic in the whole growth period 1, basic fertilizer management of garlic-sufficient application

Commonly used fertilizers for applying base fertilizer to garlic are mainly farm manure or organic manure, NPK compound fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, etc. It is recommended to apply base fertilizer in two times, half during ploughing and soil preparation, and the other half along the sowing ditch when sowing garlic. When applying base fertilizer to garlic, it should be noted that the fertilizer should be evenly mixed with soil before being applied to the field. The depth of fertilization is about 20-30 cm when preparing soil and about 6- 10 cm when sowing.

Under normal circumstances, the base fertilizer of garlic can be applied with foot fertilizer according to 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure, 40-50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, or 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure+40-50 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer per mu, which can be applied sparingly for plots with high soil fertility.

In addition, garlic farmers in many areas often plant garlic in the following year, and garlic continuous cropping is very likely to cause soil obstacles to crops, such as rotten seeds, rotten roots and dead seedlings, such as the increase of soil-borne diseases and insect pests (such as garlic maggots, etc.). Therefore, for garlic planting areas that have to be replanted, it is recommended that you properly apply some microbial fertilizer (or spray the roots of garlic seedlings with microbial agents) when planting garlic. In order to achieve the purpose of inhibiting bacteria, killing bacteria, preventing diseases, improving soil environment and protecting garlic root system, under normal circumstances, the amount of microbial fertilizer applied to garlic per mu is about 80- 100 kg.

2. Top dressing management of garlic-light, early, skillful and sufficient.

Garlic topdressing generally needs to be carried out in several times, usually about 2-3 times under normal circumstances. The most suitable topdressing periods for garlic mainly include seedling topdressing (seedling-promoting fertilizer), topdressing before overwintering (winter fertilizer or wax fertilizer), topdressing during the green-returning period (promoting green growth at seedling stage), bolting-promoting fertilizer (promoting garlic bolting growth) and strong garlic fertilizer (promoting garlic swelling). For example, the seedling-promoting fertilizer can be saved for those who are robust at seedling stage, and the overwintering fertilizer is not needed for those who apply the seedling-promoting fertilizer after the emergence of garlic. The garlic field with good growth in the green period after applying the wintering fertilizer can postpone the green-returning fertilizer until the one-time topdressing is combined with the application of the fertilizer, etc., and the specific fertilization situation should be flexibly adjusted.