The origin and significance of the summer solstice
The summer solstice is the earliest of the 24 solar terms. In the seventh century BC, the sun shadow was measured by civil soil gauge to determine the summer solstice. According to "Zunxian Codex": "The sun is north, the days are long, and the shadows are short, so it is called the summer solstice. To, extremely. " In this summer, the sun shines directly on the ground, directly to the northernmost part of the year, and almost directly to the Tropic of Cancer (23 26' north latitude). In all parts of the northern hemisphere, it is the longest day in a year, and the farther north it is, the longer it is. For example, the length of a day in Haikou, Hainan is about 13 hours, Hangzhou is about 14 hours, Beijing is about 15 hours, and Mohe, Heilongjiang is more than 17 hours. After the summer solstice, the direct point of the sun began to move southward, the daytime in the northern hemisphere began to shorten gradually, and the noon sun height in the tropic of cancer and its northern area began to decrease day by day. There is a folk saying that "a day is short after eating the noodles of the summer solstice", and Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty in China, wrote in "Summer Solstice in Beichi" that "the clouds reach the peak of the day, and the night leaks from now on". At this time, the southern hemisphere is in the middle of winter.
In ancient China, the summer solstice was divided into three periods: "The first period was when the antlers dissolved; Waiting for cicadas to start singing; Wait for three pinellias. " Although they belong to the same family as elk, the ancients thought they belonged to yin and yang. Deer's horns are born forward, so they belong to the sun. On the day of midsummer, Yin Qi was born, and Yang Qi began to decline, so the front antlers began to fall off. But because it is cloudy, it falls off at the angle of the winter solstice. Because of the feeling of yin qi, male cicadas will flap their wings and sing at the summer solstice; Pinellia ternata is a shade-loving herb, named after it was born in swamps or paddy fields in midsummer. As a result, in the hot summer, some yin-loving creatures began to appear, while the positive ones began to decline.
China folks divide 15 days after the summer solstice into three "hours", which are generally the third day, the fifth day and the last seven days. During this period, the temperature in most parts of China was high, the sunshine was sufficient, the crops grew rapidly, and the physiological and ecological water demand was large. The precipitation at this time has a great influence on agricultural output, and there is a saying that "the raindrops on the summer solstice are worth thousands of dollars". Generally, the precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huanghuai area can meet the requirements of crop growth. The Chronicle of Jingchu records: "It rained at three o'clock in June. Tian thought it was sweet, and the whole city congratulated each other. " It can be seen that people had a clear understanding of the characteristics of this rainfall more than 1000 years ago.
What is the summer solstice?
Summer is the longest day and the shortest night in the northern hemisphere. In the summer solstice, the sunrise direction in all parts of the earth starts from the northeast and sets in the northwest except the Antarctic and Antarctic polar night areas.
Take Beijing as an example. On the day of the summer solstice, dawn began at 2: 42 am and the sun rose at 4: 45. At night 19:46, the sun went down, and it was completely dark at 2 1:49. The complete darkness lasted only about 5 hours, and the time when the sun was above the horizon was 15 hours. If we continue to go north, the night will be further shortened. In Stockholm, Helsinki, Oslo and other cities in northern Europe, the midnight sky is still bright, so you can read books under the night sky. When we reach the area north of 66.4 north latitude, we can see the midnight sun, which we think is a miracle, where people can enjoy sunbathing for 24 hours.
Around the summer solstice, the earth is located near the apohelion, and its running speed is slightly slow, which leads to that the sun in the northern hemisphere is 8 days longer than that in the southern hemisphere in a year, so the summer in the northern hemisphere is slightly longer.
Characteristics of the summer solstice
The summer solstice is the longest day and the highest sun angle, but it is not the hottest time of the year. Because, at this time, the heat near the surface is still accumulating and has not reached its maximum. As the saying goes, "the heat is unbearable", and the real hot weather is calculated from the summer solstice and beginning of autumn. From mid-July to mid-August, the temperature is the highest in all parts of China, and the highest temperature in some areas can reach about 40 degrees.
"However, the summer solstice is not hot", "the summer solstice is three Geng, and the head falls". Although the summer solstice indicates that the hot summer has arrived, it is not the hottest time. After the summer solstice, the temperature will continue to rise, and it will be the hottest day in about twenty or thirty days. After the summer, the ground is heated strongly and the air convection is strong, and thunderstorms often form in the afternoon to evening. This hot thunderstorm comes and goes suddenly, and the rainfall range is small. People call it summer rain separated by fields. Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once skillfully borrowed this kind of weather in the south and wrote a famous poem, "The east rises and the west falls, and the road is sunny and sunny."
Summer custom proverb
1. It is dry when it doesn't rain on the summer solstice.
2, Qingming sorghum Xiaoman Valley, mango sesame summer solstice beans.
3. Entering the summer solstice in June, the golden season beats.
4. It rained heavily after the southeast wind of summer solstice 18 days.
5. The summer solstice starts from the southeast wind and punts on the flat ground.
6. On the summer solstice, hoes can't rest.
7. There is rain on the summer solstice and rice in the barn.
8. The winter solstice is too cold, and the summer solstice is too cold.
9. Summer solstice dogs have nowhere to go.
10. Summer solstice, nowhere to go.
1. Love to play the summer solstice and sleep at night during the winter solstice.
12. first frost begins at the winter solstice and the Yangtze River dries up at the summer solstice.
13, the summer solstice is rotten, and the plum rain is a meal.
14. The summer solstice is clean and dusty, and the rhubarb wind blows for 45 days.
15. Summer solstice raindrops are worth thousands of dollars.
16. awn seeds are planted by day and by summer solstice.
17. The rain on the summer solstice should be early autumn.
18. Yangmei in the summer solstice is full of mountain red, and Yangmei in the hot summer will haunt.
19. Spring is full of green, summer solstice is half, autumn is empty, and winter is empty.
20, mango kind of burnt chicken, summer solstice rotten straw sandals.
What does the summer solstice mean in the twenty-four solar terms?
1. What are the customs of the summer solstice in the 24 solar terms?
2.20 19 summer solstice popular science knowledge, what does the summer solstice mean in the twenty-four solar terms?
3. What does the summer solstice mean? What does the summer solstice solar term mean?
4. What does the summer solstice solar term mean?
5. What is the history of the summer solstice solar terms?
6. What is the legend about the summer solstice in the 24 solar terms in 20 19? The story of eating dog meat on the summer solstice?
7. What does the summer solstice solar term mean?
8. What are the customs of the 24 solar terms and the summer solstice?
9. Explain in detail the 24 solar terms-summer solstice.
10. customs related to the 24 solar terms and the summer solstice