Thatched roof application and construction process is what the specific content, the following Zhongda consulting for you to answer.

One, thatched houses and the application of the introduction

Thatched houses, refers to the natural thatch type of roofing materials for the house. China since the Zhou Dynasty thatched roofs have been widely used, mainly because thatch has a waterproof function and small self-loading, to meet the main structure of the poor load-bearing at that time. With the continuous development of the construction industry, and because of the thatch is prone to fire, easy to moth and other shortcomings, thatched roofs are gradually replaced by other roofs, only in the remote mountain villages in the south can be found in a few straw roofs of the village houses. However, in the climate of dry and hot regions, such as Africa, subtropical, tropical islands, thatched houses are still everywhere, which depends on thatched roof good insulation and local thatch easy to take.

Thatch mainly rice straw, wheat straw, palm fronds, etc., according to the different geographical environment, people choose different thatch as construction materials. According to the thatch selection differences or different regions, thatched roofs are divided into African thatched roofs, Caribbean thatched roofs and European thatched roofs. With the increasing maturity of thatch roof construction technology in these regions, people can build a variety of roof forms such as sloped roofs, dome roofs, and peaked roofs, and are widely used in civil construction, such as homes, field hotels, seaside watchtowers and pavilions, etc., as shown in Figure 1. Thatched houses can be well combined with the local natural environment in everything, and can reflect the pure and simple humanistic atmosphere.

Two, thatched roof construction process

Despite the thatch material is different, but each country and region of the construction method, construction process is similar.

(a) thatch preparation

First of all, we must choose relatively full and sturdy straw or palm leaves, at a temperature of about 30 ° ~ 35 ° as well as slightly humid conditions to make thatch natural drying. Because thatch is highly flammable, so according to the construction requirements of the corresponding area, the dried thatch can be treated with fire to reduce the flammability of thatch. After thatch treatment, you can choose hemp rope and wire, etc. to bundle it into a unit with a diameter of 7 to 12 cm for final use.

(ii) building roof frames

Thatched roofs are mainly chosen to be laid on wooden roof frames. Our traditional timber roof frames are mainly herringbone roof frames, while shaped herringbone roof frames are more common in places like Africa. This type of roofing installation is different from our roofing installation form, the construction steps are as follows:

1. In the middle of the interior fixed 2 temporary columns, to the position of the required roof elevation. According to the different indoor area, you can symmetrically fix 3 or more columns.

2. On 2 or more uprights, fix a crosspiece as ridge purlin.

3. Install rafters symmetrically, fixing one end to the crosspiece and one end to the wall or beam. If fixed on the beams, reserve corresponding wire or rebar of 8 to 12mm in diameter when pouring the beams, with a spacing of about 1 to 1.5m.

4. Install diagonal columns as well as purlins to reinforce the roof frame according to the construction requirements. The spacing of purlins is about 0.5 to 0.7m and is proportional to the length of thatch units.

5. When the roof thatching is finished, saw it off from 0.8~1.2m from the upper end of the column.

(C) thatch laying and tying

Playing thatch is according to the order from the bottom to the top, a layer of pressure on a layer, with nylon rope or wire thatch tying on the purlin, and with a wooden brush will be combed neatly, especially thatch the root. The lap of thatch try to make it fall at the purlin to cover it, in order to improve the integrity and beauty of the indoor roof. Because thatch is more smooth, not directly pedal thatch work, choose a log fixed in the completion of the part of thatch, to thatch laying is completed, from top to bottom will be removed in order of the log.

Thatched roof slope control in 35 ° ~ 40 °, both conducive to the discharge of rainwater can also create more indoor space. Thatch thickness of about 15cm, thatch compactness of about 20 ~ 25kg/m2, thatch compactness does not indicate that the roof performance is good, it and the selection of thatch type and quality has a great relationship. Ridge place to choose the better flexibility of thatch, and thatch laying is completed, you can do the appropriate waterproofing treatment, such as adding waterproofing agent with cement mortar to cover the thatch on the ridge.

(D) fire prevention and pest control

Thatch has a strong flammability, once ignited, not easy to extinguish, so it is important to take effective fire prevention measures. Commonly used methods are laying fireproofing coil, spraying fireproofing agent, smoke sensor and so on. Fireproofing roll material can be laid between the structure and thatch. Some foreign places use aluminum foil as the selected material to be laid under the thatch, it not only has the role of containing open flame, but also has a very good thermal insulation. Spraying fire retardant can be done both indoors and outdoors to improve the fire resistance of the roof. Fire protection measures taken properly can gain valuable escape time for the occupants. When building thatched houses, special attention should be paid to the location of wires and cables as well as leakage protection measures, etc., and hazardous open flames should be avoided as much as possible when in use.

Thick thatch is the ideal habitat and breeding base for insects, and the danger of its being eaten by insects is great. In the insect control measures, on the one hand, should be sprayed with insecticide, on the one hand, to do a good job of thatch cleaning and maintenance.

(E) thatched roof maintenance

thatched roof life of about 28 years, depending on the material and there are differences. Wheat and rice straw about 20 to 30 years, palm about 30 to 40 years. Thatched roofs cannot be used without timely and proper maintenance. Usually, regular maintenance can be extended for another 10 years or so, especially the thatch of the ridge, every 6 to 8 years need to be replaced. Thatch maintenance in the thatch surface should also be combed to avoid thatch buckling, birds make nests.

Good thatched roofing depends on the shape of the roof slope, the location of the house, thatch material and the experience of the builder, so the construction of a comprehensive consideration of all aspects of the factors.

Third, thatched roof in China's development

With the development of China's tourism industry, in China's southern region of the vacation place, especially Zhuhai, Hainan Island and other places can promote thatched roof, choose palm leaves as thatch material. Currently on the market has appeared imitation thatch roofing materials, such as fiber imitation thatch, plastic thatch, and PVC thatch, etc., these imitation materials are also used in large quantities in villas and hotels, and some can even be fake, it is difficult to recognize. But if the real thatch instead of these false thatch, not only can reflect the modern construction of environmental protection concept and also can let the user really appreciate the fun of close to nature, so that travelers can enjoy the exotic flavor without leaving the country.

Even in the modern metropolis, if the gorgeous building embellished with a few thatched roof, but also for the modern atmosphere to add a few rustic smell, slowing down the pace of urban tension.

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