Total number of white blood cells: The general range of white blood cells in children is (4 ~10) ×109/L. The white blood cells in children are detected to preliminarily judge whether there is infection or blood system diseases.
If the total number of white blood cells is abnormally high, it means that the number of bacteria in the body has become more or stronger. Generally, the white blood cell count is greater than 10000, indicating that the child has a bacterial infection and needs antibacterial drugs to control the infection.
The white blood cell value is influenced by other factors besides physiological factors and disease factors. White blood cells can increase after meals and strenuous exercise, cold, pain and fear; White blood cells are higher in winter than in summer, and higher in afternoon than in the morning. Although external factors have a certain influence on white blood cells, the range of their values is generally not too large.
Neutrophil proportion: generally 50% ~ 70%; Neutrophils are one of the classifications of white blood cells. When the body is infected with acute bacteria, the proportion of neutrophils increases significantly. But children's neutrophils have their own characteristics:
Children have different neutrophil ratios at different ages. Generally, at the age of 4-6 and 4-6 after birth, there are two intersections of lymphocyte and neutrophil ratio, which are different from those of adults:
When the newborn is less than 4 ~ 6 days old and the age is more than 6 years old (both ends), neutrophils are the main ones, and the proportion is more than 60%; It can be considered as a normal range.
When the newborn is more than 6 days old and less than 6 years old (6 days to 6 years old), lymphocytes are the main ones, accounting for 60%~65%, and neutrophils account for 30%~35%. This is the characteristic of children's hemogram.
Significance: If the blood routine is dominated by lymphocyte ratio and the neutrophil ratio is low, it indicates virus infection; If the proportion of neutrophils is mainly increased (> 70%), it means that the child is mainly infected by bacteria.
Significance of reducing the total number of white blood cells in children. Generally, low white blood cells may cause low immunity and are more vulnerable to germs. Children's leukopenia can be seen in the causes of infection, drugs, immune system diseases and other diseases:
Virus infection: After children are infected by virus, white blood cells are consumed in large quantities, which will lead to leukopenia. After general antiviral treatment, white blood cells can gradually return to normal range.
Drug action: especially taking antipyretic and analgesic drugs and sulfonamides, leukopenia is easy to occur. Therefore, general children should use aspirin and sulfonamides with caution, and they should also be used under the guidance of specialists in special circumstances.
Immune system diseases: such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and syndrome in children. There may be autoantibodies against white blood cells to reduce white blood cells.
Other diseases: such as malignant histiocytosis, which can devour a large number of white blood cells; When hypersplenism occurs, a large number of granulocytes are retained by the spleen, resulting in leukopenia.
The main symptoms of leukopenia in children When children have leukopenia, they can be manifested as dizziness, fatigue, loss of appetite, low fever and other symptoms. Some children are more susceptible to repeated infections. In this case, children's immunity is generally low, their defense ability is poor, they are easily attacked by pathogens, and they are more prone to diseases such as fever and recurrence.