The role of allergen detection in children
Allergen detection is a rapid, accurate and painless detection of allergens by enzyme immunoassay. This method can qualitatively and quantitatively detect allergens (total IgE, total IgG, specific IgE, etc.) in patients' serum or plasma. IVT is used to detect IgE-mediated immediate allergic reaction, which has obvious seasonality, short onset time and high incidence rate. This test solves the difficulty that the routine skin test is not suitable for detecting allergens in patients with type I allergy during the attack. FIgG is used to detect delayed allergic reactions. This reaction is mainly related to food, namely food intolerance.
The baby is younger, and it is likely to be allergic. Some allergic reactions will be very serious and even affect the baby's health. In order to prevent the baby from being allergic, mothers should do allergen testing for the baby early. After the results, you can try to avoid allergens in your life and ensure your baby's health.
Methods for detection of allergens in children
The examination methods of allergen detection in children can be divided into in vivo test and in vitro test. In vivo test: it is to apply allergens to human body through skin test or prick, observe the human body's reaction to allergens, and determine whether patients are allergic to these allergens; In vitro test: the blood or other body fluids of patients are taken for in vitro test, and allergens are not directly applied to human body.
One: In vivo test
1. intradermal test: Inject allergens intradermally, observe the skin reaction after a certain period of time, and determine whether you are allergic to this allergen according to the skin reaction.
2. Puncture test: Puncture test can be regarded as a special intradermal test. Its method is to first drop the puncture skin test solution on the skin, and then use a puncture needle to penetrate the drop and pierce the skin. The skin prick liquid is only one tenth of that of intradermal test, so it is safe. Because the skin lesion is small, the patient has no pain. Our department uses the international standardized antigen-Germany Aroge Puncture Liquid.
A inhalation allergens include mites, molds, mugwort, elm poplar, animal fur, pollen, etc.
B food allergens include fish, shrimp, crab, pork, beef and mutton, milk, eggs, beans, peanuts, condiments, etc. The results were all 15 minutes.
Two: in vitro test
1. german MEDIWISS sensitive screen quantitative allergen detection system: sensitive screen allergen detection system is an advanced and creative allergen quantitative detection system, which applies western blot technology for scientific research to daily diagnosis in the laboratory and uses special combinations of allergens for different diseases. It can be used to screen and detect antibodies against many diseases. The systematic method is reliable, the specificity is similar to that of skin test, and it is consistent with the results of routine single allergen detection test in vitro. IgE is mainly detected for type I allergic reaction, and allergens can be easily detected with only one drop of serum. Its characteristic is high accuracy.
2. Detection of food intolerance: Clinically, many chronic diseases are related to food. After removing the problematic food, the symptoms will disappear, which is food intolerance. Food intolerance test is also the only delayed reaction (IgG) detection method for food allergy. Diarrhea, oral ulcer, urticaria, acne, migraine, fatigue, depression, asthma, sleep disorder, grinding teeth and other chronic symptoms, if the cause can not be found, should be tested for food intolerance, which may be related to food intolerance.
The source of children's allergies
There are dust mites, pollen, room dust, cotton wool, plush, oil fume, pillow padding, etc. which enter from the respiratory tract. These allergens often fly in the air and float for a long time, and are constantly inhaled by children, which makes allergic symptoms persist. The most important allergen in this kind is mite attached to dust, which is hard to see with naked eyes. Only under a microscope can we see its true colors. About 80% of asthma attacks are closely related to mites.
Intake allergens (food that enters through the mouth): The common ones are milk, eggs, fish and shrimp, potatoes, bamboo shoots, strawberries, pineapples, foods containing spices, wheat foods, etc. Most of them belong to heterosexual protein. Contact allergens: cosmetics, sulfanilamide ointment, camphor, alcohol, iodine, mercuric chloride, rubber rubber, plastic toys, etc. These allergens can induce allergic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Inoculated allergens: injection of penicillin, animal serum, insect stab wounds, etc.
Infectious allergens: There are common pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, adenovirus, respiratory fusion virus, parainfluenza, etc. They are the main culprits leading to asthma attacks in children under 5 years old.
Cold air allergy: once they encounter cold air, cold wind, or when the temperature in the air-conditioned room is too low in summer, or after drinking cold drinks, they will cause allergic attacks. Parents often don't know enough about this kind of inducing factors. At present, it has been proved that cold air is one of the causes of asthma attacks.
Ways to avoid children's allergies
1. Creating a less dusty environment is the best way to avoid allergies.
Some allergens are not easy to avoid completely, such as indoor dust. The composition of dust is very complex, and the only way to avoid it is to create a less dusty environment as much as possible, such as a blanket with a cloth cover; Buckwheat skin, tea scraps or chaff are not used as pillow cores; Regular cleaning; Wait a minute.
2. Infants should be breastfed, which can greatly reduce the inducing factors of allergic diseases in the future.
In this way, we can try to avoid eating foods containing artificial colors and preservatives. People should also maintain good eating habits, regularly quantify, and avoid overeating, especially overeating, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and food is absorbed into the body by macromolecular substances, which increases the chance of allergies.
3. Enhance the body's immunity in multiple ways.
Exercise properly and keep enough sleep, so that the body has enough time to make new cells, absorb nutrients and carry out metabolism. Pay attention to a balanced diet and improve immunity. Always relax yourself and keep a happy mood. If the mental stress is too great, the autonomic nerve function will be disordered, which will lead to various corresponding reactions in the body. Although these reactions will not be the direct cause of allergic diseases, they will make allergic symptoms worse or incurable for a long time.
4. Don't keep pets
In addition to paying attention to dust removal and reducing allergens suspended in the air, it is best not to keep pets. At the same time, do not use irritating substances as household items and building materials. Clean the air conditioner regularly. Choose beauty and skin care products that meet the quality and hygiene standards, do not contain alcohol and other irritating substances, and have been tested for allergies. Patients who are allergic to pollen can wear masks or glasses to protect them during the pollen floating season.