The Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th of July in the lunar calendar (in some places, especially in the south of China, it is July 14th. According to legend, in the late Song Dynasty, Mongols invaded a certain place and residents celebrated the festival one day earlier in order to flee), which is called the Mid-Autumn Festival in Taoism, the Orchid Festival in Buddhism and the Ghost Festival in July and a half. The celebration of the festival begins on the first day of the seventh lunar month and lasts for one month until July 30th. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Han people called Shangyuan Festival, which celebrated Yuanxiao, which has existed since ancient times. On July 15th, the Han people called the Mid-Yuan Festival to offer sacrifices to their ancestors. On October 15th, the Han people called the Next Yuan Festival, which is a cold food to commemorate the sages. It is a traditional folk custom of the Han nationality that Han people light river lanterns on the Mid-Yuan Festival and Taoist priests pray. Buddhism and Taoism have different interpretations of the significance of this festival, and Buddhism emphasizes filial piety. Taoism focuses on "Purdue" for those orphaned souls released from the underworld. July 15th of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Yuan Festival, which is the same as the Shangyuan Festival on the 15th of the first month and the Xiayuan Festival on October 15th. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a Taoist festival. Taoism believes that "Sanyuan" is another name for "Three Officials". Shangyuan Festival, also known as Shangyuan Tianguan Festival, is the birthday of Emperor Ziwei who was blessed by Shangyuan. The Mid-Yuan Festival, also known as the Mid-Yuan Official Festival, is the birthday of Qing Xu, the official who pardoned sins in the Middle Yuan Dynasty. Xiayuan Festival, also known as Xiayuan Shuiguan Festival, is the birthday of Emperor Dong Yin, the Shuiguan of Xiayuan. Taoism's "Three Official Classics of Taishang" says: "heavenly god blesses the people, the local officials forgive sins, and the water officials relieve Eritrea", and "all sentient beings are under the control of heaven, earth and water officials". On the Mid-Autumn Festival, Taoist temples, such as the Temple of Fire in Di 'anmen and the Baiyun Temple outside Xibianmen, routinely hold "Dojo for Blessing Good Luck" in order to pray for "good weather, peaceful country and people's safety". Buddhists will hold a grand Bonsai on this day, which is also called Bonsai and Bonsai. In the late Qing Dynasty, there were more than 840 temples in Beijing, such as Guangji Temple, Fayuan Temple, Nianhua Temple, Guanghua Temple, Jiaxing Temple, Changchun Temple, etc., where conditions permit, all held different scales of Yulan Club and Zhongyuan Law Club. Since the Republic of China, Beihai Park, Zhongshan Park Music Hall and other places have held "memorial ceremonies for fallen soldiers" at this time over the years. Three scriptures, Fan (Lama), Tao (Taoist) and Zen (Monk), were used to provide a memorial tablet of "fallen soldiers of the army, navy and air force" for public sacrifice. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, activities such as making boats, putting lotus lanterns, lotus lanterns, ancestor worship and singing "Ying Jing Opera" were held in old Beijing. [Edit this paragraph ]2. Festival source The ceremony for Buddhists to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival is called the "Orchid Festival". Celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival is not only to worship the dead relatives, but also to commemorate Mulian for Buddhists, in order to praise his filial piety. Mulian's story of saving her mother comes from the Tripitaka Sutra (Buddhism introduced from India). According to the records in the Tripitaka Sutra, Mulian saw his dead mother, Liu Siniang, tortured by a group of hungry ghosts after experiencing hardships in the underworld. Mulian gave her vegetable rice in a bowl, but the vegetable rice was taken away by the hungry ghosts. Mulian asked the Buddha for help, and the Buddha was moved by Mulian's filial piety and awarded the Orchid Sutra. Mulian, as instructed, offered her mother a vegetarian meal filled with rare fruits in an orchid basin on July 15th, and the starving mother finally got food. In order to commemorate Mulian's filial piety, Buddhists hold a grand "Orchid Club" every year. Taoists believe that from the beginning of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the underworld opened the gate of ghosts and released ghosts to the world to receive sacrifices. In order to avoid the interference and harm of ghosts and gods, the "Zhongyuan Pudu" was set up on July 15 to offer food and burn ghost paper to appease those lonely souls without owners. The first statement about the origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival: Every July 15 of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as Ghost Festival or Yulan Festival, which is a big festival to sacrifice ghosts and ghosts. The Mid-Autumn Festival originated from Taoism, and later Buddhism changed it to the now commonly known Ghost Festival. In Indian, Yulan Festival means "hanging upside down". "Hanging upside down" means that the mother of Mulian, the top ten disciple of Sakyamuni, suffered from a hungry ghost after her death and could not eat. Later, I got help from Sakyamuni. Support the ten gods and buddhas with hundreds of flavors and five fruits and save the mother through merits. So now, in order to sacrifice the lonely souls, Purdue Festival is held in July in the lunar calendar, which is now called Ghost Festival. Generally speaking, in ancient times, people were reluctant to make important things such as marriage this month. The second statement: Regarding the origin of the Ghost Festival, it is said that Bodhisattva Diksitigarbha came to the underworld after his mother died, and was imprisoned in his cell. He was a filial son, and he couldn't bear to see his mother suffer. On July 15th, he had an affair and let the kids guarding the cell secretly open the cell door and let his mother come out. But it doesn't matter if he opens the cell door, and the kids in the cell flocked out. Those ghosts who ran back to their hometown asked their families for money so that they could go back to live and get through their joints, hoping to support their lives as soon as possible. Later, people designated this day as [Ghost Festival]. On this day, people burn paper money and offer offerings to pay homage to the dead of their deceased relatives. On the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, both Buddhism and Taoism summed up their criticisms, and both of them conducted corresponding textual criticism activities. The difference is that the Taoist investigation and report point to the people, that is, the birth date of the school. Buddhism's summary comments are made internally. Both the external school birth date and the internal criticism meeting show that both Buddhism and Taoism attach importance to July 15th. Or explain the importance of this day in Buddhist and Taoist festivals. Coupled with the so-called ghost festival among the people, this time is even more colorful. The birthday of the school and the self-indulgent day are only a very small part of the customs activities in this season. In addition, there are also important customs-saving activities in the year, such as offering sacrifices to ancestors and recommending new ones, putting lights on the ghosts, and the Bonsai Festival. The Bonin Festival is an important ceremony in Buddhist New Year's Day rituals. For example, it is held on July 15th every year, so the Mid-Yuan Festival is also known as the Bonin Festival. Despite thousands of years of active obedience and passive domestication, the trace of Buddhism clearly remains in the activities of the common people in the Mid-Autumn Festival. The first is the name. Euglena is a transliteration of Sanskrit, which means "hanging upside down". Together, Euglena and basin are lifesavers, that is, "rescuing the upside down"; In addition, the orchid basin can also be interpreted as "saving the hanging basin", highlighting its characteristics of "putting a hundred meals". Pang Long, a poet in Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem titled "Bamboo Branches with Mixed Effects in Chang 'an", which depicts the scene of children playing with lotus leaf lanterns on Mid-Autumn Eve. Chang' an miscellaneous bamboo branches and trees are cool, frosty and clear, and the mid-January is on the ninth day. Children compete for green lotus leaves, and thousands of silver flowers scatter the fire city. According to the etiquette of the Buddhist Bonsai, the river lantern is just one of the small programs, and it doesn't seem so important. In the folk activities of Mid-Autumn Festival, it is more important to put on lights. River lanterns are also called "lotus lanterns". Generally, they put lamps or candles on the base, and they are placed in rivers, lakes and seas at Mid-Autumn Festival, leaving them floating. The purpose of the river lantern is to drown ghosts and other ghosts in Pudu water. A passage from the biography of Hulan River by Hong Xiao, a modern woman writer, is the best footnote of this custom: "July 15th is a ghost festival; Dead ghosts can't support themselves, and lingering in hell is very bitter. They want to support themselves, but they can't find their way. On this day, if a fool holds a river lamp, he will have to support his life. " Probably this road from the underworld to the dead is very dark, and you can't see the road without a lamp. So putting on the lights is a good thing. It can be seen that the living gentlemen have not forgotten the dead ghosts.

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