1 herring

Black herring is a kind of fish with blue color, which is mainly distributed in the plain area south of the Yangtze River in China, but rare in the north of the Yangtze River. It is an important fishery resource in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and lakes along the Yangtze River, and the main breeding object in lakes and ponds. It is one of the "four major fish" in freshwater culture in China.

In addition, it is commonly known as "black mixed", "black mixed" or "snail mixed" in Anhui, which is named because of its black body and its preference for snails. The common "herring" in Northeast China is not herring, but should be written as "mackerel", which is a deep-sea fish.

In China, the largest herring specimen weighs 2 18 Jin, which was caught in Jinniu Lake, Liuhe District, Nanjing in 2005. It is 1.86 m long and weighs 2 18 Jin, and it is about forty years old by scale identification.

Black herring is also called black pomfret and snail green. Teleost, CYPRINIDAE. The body is sub-cylindrical, with a length of more than1m. Blue-black, fin gray-black. Head wide and flat, mouth end position, no need. Pharyngeal teeth are molars.

Habitat in the middle and lower levels, the staple food snails, mussels, shrimps and aquatic insects. Sexually mature at the age of 4-5, spawning in the upper reaches of rivers can be artificially propagated. The individual is large and grows rapidly, with the largest individual reaching 70kg. The meat tastes delicious. It is the main freshwater fish breeding object in China. It is distributed in major water systems in China, mainly in the plain south of the Yangtze River. Fish gall is poisonous.

2. Grass carp

Grass carp is a genus of Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Yarrainae. The common names of grass carp are: pomfret, pomfret, pomfret, grass pomfret, pomfret, grass carp, grass root (northeast), thick-fingered fish (southern Shandong), sea pomfret (south), hybrid, black herring and so on. English name: Grass carp.

Rivers and lakes inhabiting plain areas generally prefer to live in the middle and lower layers of water and coastal areas with many aquatic plants. Sexually active, swimming fast, often foraging in groups. It is a typical herbivorous fish.

Grass carp eat larvae, algae, etc. in the juvenile stage, and grass carp also eat some carnivorous foods, such as earthworms and dragonflies. Overwintering in the deep water of the main stream or lake. Parent fish have the habit of swimming upstream in reproductive season.

It has been transplanted to many countries in Asia, Europe, America and Africa. Because of its rapid growth and wide sources of feed, it is one of the four major freshwater fishes in China.

Grass carp, Cyprinidae. The body is elongated, sub-cylindrical, and the body is longer than1m. The body is bluish yellow. Head wide and flat, mouth end position, no need. Pharyngodontoid comb. Habitat in the middle and lower layers of water, feeding on aquatic plants.

Mature at 3-4 years old, spawning in the upper reaches of rivers, which can be artificially propagated. The growth is fast, and the largest individual is about 30kg. It is the main freshwater fish breeding object in China. Distributed in major water systems in China, the meat is delicious and the fish gall is poisonous? .

3. Silver carp

Silver carp (pronounced: liá n yú) (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), also known as silver carp, silver carp, silver carp, and silver carp, belongs to CYPRINIDAE, and is one of the four famous fishes, including herring, grass carp and silver carp. It is a typical filter-feeding fish.

The figure is flat on the side, slightly higher, spindle-shaped, with blue-gray back and white sides and abdomen. The pectoral fin does not exceed the base of the ventral fin. The fins are gray. The head is bigger. Eye position is very low. The scales are fine. The central horny edge of the abdomen extends from below the pectoral fin to the anus. The shape is similar to that of bighead carp, and silver carp is impatient and good at jumping.

Silver carp is sweet in taste, flat in nature, non-toxic, tender in meat and rich in nutrition, and is one of the excellent fish species suitable for breeding. It is one of the main freshwater cultured fish in China. Distributed in major water systems throughout the country. Silver carp is a large freshwater fish raised artificially, which grows fast, has few diseases and high yield, and is mostly mixed with grass carp and carp.

4. Bighead carp

Bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) is also called silver carp, chub head fish, Baotou fish, bighead fish, silver carp, silver carp, and male fish. It is a kind of freshwater fish. Known as the "scavenger in the water", it is one of the four major fish in China.

It looks like a silver carp and has a flat body. The head is large and wide, and the mouth is wide and slightly upturned. The eye position is relatively low. Bighead carp grows in freshwater lakes, rivers, reservoirs and ponds. Most of them are distributed in the middle and upper waters.

It's a fish endemic to China. It is widely distributed in China. It is one of the main objects of pond culture and reservoir fishery, and has high economic value. It can be eaten, and has the effects of improving IQ, enhancing memory, supplementing nutrition and delaying aging.

Extended data:

We sometimes can't distinguish the four major fish, which is easy to be confused. In fact, silver carp and bighead carp are easy to distinguish. The main difference between silver carp and bighead carp is their body color and head.

Silver carp, also known as silver carp and silver carp, is silvery white with a small head, and the ratio of head length to body length is about1:4; The head of bighead carp is obviously much bigger, and the ratio of head length to body length is 1:3, so it is also called chubby head fish.

The chubby fish is darker than silver carp and has irregular yellow and black stripes, so it is also called "Silver Carp" and "Yellow Silver Carp Head".

Although herring and grass carp are similar, they are still easy to distinguish. From the color point of view, herring is bluish black and dark in color. Grass carp, on the other hand, is yellow like tender grass and relatively light in color.

From the scale, the scale of herring is not obvious, while that of grass carp is very obvious. From the head, the head of grass carp looks like a fan, which is wider and shorter, rounder, with an angle of about 45 degrees, while the head of herring is narrow and long, like a sharp cone, with an angle of about 30 degrees.

In ancient Tang Dynasty, carp was the most widely cultivated freshwater fish. However, due to the surname Li of the Tang royal family, the cultivation, fishing and sales of carp are prohibited. Therefore, fishermen can only engage in the cultivation of other varieties, thus producing four major fish: herring, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp.

However, crucian carp is relatively small, grows slowly, and is found everywhere in wild waters, so the economic benefit of raising is poor. In the past, when natural resources were abundant, few people specially raised it, so crucian carp and carp were not selected.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Big Fish