Butterfly, commonly known as "butterfly", arthropods, insects, Lepidoptera, suborder Hammerhorn animals collectively. There are more than 14,000 species in the world, most of which are distributed in the Americas, especially in the Amazon River Basin. There are 1,200 species in China. Butterflies are generally brightly colored, with many stripes on their bodies, richer colors, and various spots on their wings and bodies. The largest butterflies can spread their wings up to about 28~30 cm, while the smallest ones are only about 0.7 cm. The main difference between butterflies and moths is that butterflies have a pair of rod-like or hammer-like antennae on their heads, while moths have antennae of various shapes.

Chinese name

Butterfly

Latin scientific name

Rhopalocera

Alias

Nymphalid butterfly, Hoopoe butterfly, Floating butterflyer, Butterfly

Boundary

Animal kingdom

Portal

Arthropoda

Subphylum

Hexapoda

Organism

Insecta

Sub-Organism

Winged Sub-Organism

Organism

Lepidoptera

Sub-Organism

Sub-Organism of the Hammerhorns

Region of Distribution

The Americas, the Amazon River Basin, Asia, China

English Name

butterfly

Species

Pink butterflies, nymphalid butterflies, phoebe butterflies, etc.

French name

LePapillon

Butterfly specimens spiders ants butterflies pictures butterflies species silkworms butterflies pictures of flowers insects birdhouses

History of Butterflies

Butterflies are categorized as Lepidoptera, and the world's There are tens of thousands of species that fall under this category. Butterflies evolved from the Cretaceous period onwards to follow and pollinate flowering plants as food, and are the last group of organisms in the evolution of insects.

Origin of the English name

Reasons why a butterfly is called a butterfly

The word butterfly is derived from the Old English word butterfleoge, which consists of butere plus fleoge.

There is an old saying that because the butterfly likes to steal cream and milk, people say it is a spirit with colorful wings and likes to steal cream, so they call it butterfly.

The above legend is also reflected in one of the German names of the butterfly, milkdieb, which is the equivalent of the English word milk-thief. said, where butter is the color of the butterfly; fly this is originally a general reference to insects that can fly, and the term butterfly may first refer to the origin of the southern European winter after the emergence of a kind of pink butterflies with sulfur color. The male butterfly's forewings were yellowish in color and carried a warm light in flight, which was known as the butter-coloredfly. the word evolved into butterfly and was used to refer to all species of butterflies.

The Most Beautiful Species

88 Multi-Vortex Nymphs

A species of butterfly belonging to the Crested Butterfly family, there are more than 40 species in South America. It is named after the "8" pattern on the lower wings. It has been selected as one of the eight most beautiful butterflies in the world.

The Red Ribbon Sleeve Butterfly

It belongs to the family of Crested Butterflies. It is a world-famous "poisonous" butterfly, mainly distributed in the area of Brazil, and the species has a history of millions of years. 1999, the Brazilian letter carrier butterfly was exhibited in Kunming, China, and was recognized and loved by the Chinese audience. Because of its body color is very much like the color of the letter carrier's uniform in Portugal at that time, so it was named the letter carrier butterfly.

Owl Ring Butterfly

The Owl Ring Butterfly

is also known as the Owl Butterfly, which takes its name from the large and simulated eye spots on the bottom of the hind wings. A species belonging to the genus Owl Ring Butterfly, it is a tropical rainforest butterfly with a large body size. This butterfly is considered a pest because the larvae host plants in the bamboo or bromeliad family. This butterfly is prized by butterfly collectors.

Characteristics

The butterfly's body size is mostly between 5~10cm, and the body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen; two pairs of wings; and three pairs of legs. In the head there is a pair of hammer-like antennae, the antennae end thickened, the wings are broad, and when resting the wings are erect on the back. Butterflies have rod-shaped antennae, with the terminal segments of the antennae thickened and rod-shaped. Body and wings covered with flattened scale-like hairs. The abdomen is long and thin. The largest is the Queen Alexandra's Birdwing Crested Butterfly of eastern New Guinea, with a wingspan of up to 31 centimeters in females; the smallest is the Misty Gray Butterfly of Afghanistan, with a wingspan of only 7 millimeters. The mouthparts are hypoglossal; the feet are walking feet; the wings are scaly wings; and it is a holomorph.

The scales on the butterfly's wings not only make the butterfly colorful, but also like a raincoat for the butterfly. Because the scales of the butterfly's wings are rich in fat, which protects the butterfly, the butterfly can fly even when it is raining lightly.

Habitat

Feeding

After the larvae of butterflies bite through the eggshell and hatch out, some species rest a little and nibble directly on the host plant; some species feed on the eggshell first, and then feed on the plant; some species also feed on the old epidermis that is shed every time they moult, for example, the cabbage butterfly and the spotted pea butterfly, and so on.

Butterfly larvae feeding object, due to the species and have different, most larvae feeding on leaves; Some species, for example, pollen butterfly, orange spot lapel psyllid butterfly and so on feeding on flower buds; There are also some kinds of feeding on young pods or young fruits, for example, pods of gray butterfly feeding on young pods, gardenia gray butterfly feeding on young fruits of gardenia. In addition in the gray butterfly family, there are a few species of larvae are carnivorous, for example, mealybug gray butterfly to eat coffee mealybugs, bamboo aphid gray butterfly to bamboo aphids for food, this kind of carnivorous species in the butterfly is not common beneficial insects.

Larvae feeding on plant leaves, such as the first instar of the early stage, often in the back of the leaf nibbling leaf flesh, residue on the epidermis, the formation of a glass window-like transparent spots, and later the larvae eat leaves perforated, or from the leaf edge to the inside of the nibbling; with the body of the insect grows large, the amount of food is also getting bigger and bigger. In a plant with a high density of insect population when the whole plant is eaten up.

Most butterflies suck nectar, nectar-sucking butterflies, they not only suck nectar, and hobby nectar sucking some specific plants, such as the blue phoebe nectar sucking lily plants; vegetable pink butterfly nectar sucking cruciferous plant nectar; leopard nymphs nectar nectar sucking chrysanthemum plants and so on; some of the butterflies do not suck nectar nectar sucking bamboo eye butterflies sucking fig sap; violet nymphalid nymphalid nymphalid nymphalid nymphs sucking the sour pulp of sick oak, poplar, and so on; nymphalid nymphs sucking the nectar of the plant. Sick oak, poplar sour pulp; there is also a part of the butterfly will suck the flesh of grapes, in the grape field common butterfly sucking.

Activity and habitat

The activity and habitat habits of butterfly larvae vary according to species. In terms of activity time, generally the species come out in the morning and evening when daylight is slanting. However, some species are active during the daytime and some are active at night.

Regularity of activities

From the regularity of activities, the first instar larvae of many group-habitat species, feeding and roosting activities are consistent, concentrated in feeding or roosting together, the Chinese tiger phoenix butterfly is a case in point. There are some butterflies such as nettle nymphs larvae often dozens of groups of nettle branches and leaves in the spitting silk made of chaotic web, as if the spider as a hideout in which to defend against foreign enemies, and at the same time feeding and roosting, quite regular. The habitat of butterfly larvae is generally very hidden, so it is not easy to find individual larvae in the wild.

Habitat Characteristics

Some butterfly larvae often have the habit of making their nests in leaves, and the method of making the nests varies according to the species of the butterfly, and there are some that make a nest in one leaf, and there are some that make a nest in several leaves, and they all have their own styles or techniques. The larvae of the banana butterfly can make a nest by sticking to the edge of a banana leaf, while the rice butterfly often nests in several leaves. The larvae of these butterflies have the habit of nesting or grouping together in a net, and they feed close to their roosting place, but never go far away from it, and when they are disturbed, they will immediately retreat into the nest and hide, which is totally different from the roosting habit of the general butterflies.

Water is an indispensable component in the metabolism of living organisms. Therefore, we can often see butterflies stop on the wet ground to absorb water, especially slightly salty water, the most attractive to them to drink. Whenever the sun is in the sky in the hot summer noon, in the depression of the mountain road, in the stream, there are all kinds of butterflies gathered in groups there to suck water.

Range of Distribution

The total number of recorded butterflies in the world is about 20,000 species, with China accounting for about 2,153 species, and there are 18 families of butterflies among the 158 families of Lepidoptera. The largest number of butterflies is produced in the Amazon River Basin of South America, followed by the area around Southeast Asia. The world's most beautiful and ornamental butterflies are mostly produced in Brazil, Peru and other countries in South America. The internationally protected species are mostly found in Southeast Asia, such as Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. In the same region, different altitudes form a different humidity environment and different plant communities, but also the corresponding formation of many different butterfly populations.

Butterflies have five types of cone cells, two more than humans, which means that they can sense two colors that we can't name other than red, blue and green light.

Reproduction

Reproduction process

Butterflies are fully metamorphic insects, meaning that they go through four stages in their lives: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

Eggs

The eggs of butterflies are usually round or oval, with a waxy shell on the surface that prevents water from evaporating, and fine holes at one end that serve as a pathway for sperm to enter. The size of the eggs varies greatly from one species of butterfly to another. Butterflies generally lay their eggs on the foliage of plants that the larvae like to feed on, preparing food for the larvae.

Larvae

When the larvae hatch out, the main thing they do is eat, consuming large quantities of plant foliage.The larvae come in a variety of shapes, mostly fleshy and a few caterpillars. Butterflies harm agriculture mainly in the larval stage. As the larva grows, it usually goes through several molts.

Pupa

The larva matures into a chrysalis, which is usually found in a hidden place on the back of a plant leaf, where it holds itself in place with a few strands of silk, and then pupates directly afterward, without a cocoon.

Adult

After the pupa matures, it breaks its shell and burrows out from the chrysalis, but it takes some time for the wings to dry and harden, and at this time the butterfly is unable to hide from its natural predators, and it is a dangerous period. After the wings are stretched out, the butterfly can fly, the butterfly's front and back wings are not synchronized flapping, so the butterfly fluctuates greatly when flying, beautiful posture, the so-called "fluttering", from the butterfly's flight. Generally, adult butterflies die before winter after mating and laying eggs, but some species migrate to the south for the winter.

Mating and Breeding

Male butterflies in general fledge earlier than females. After that, the males fly around and search for females that have recently fledged based on the sex pheromones they send out.

Before they mate, there is a courtship process in which the pattern and color of the female and her pheromones play an important role, and the genital structures must match. A female butterfly perched on a leaf, if it is already mate, when the male butterfly flies, it will spread the four wings and the abdomen high up, never take off, that is the female butterfly does not accept the indication of mate, so the male butterfly around the fly for a while, and then fly away; on the contrary, that is, the mate.

Sometimes a female butterfly, which does not need to cross her tail, may encounter several male butterflies chasing and courting her when she is flying in the air, pressing her and flying in circles, making it difficult for them to be separated, and then they will rise up to a high altitude together, and then the female butterfly will suddenly hold her wings and fall down and land in a hurry, and this kind of escape will make the male butterflies fall into a lost path, and they will not know where the female butterfly is, and thus the female butterfly will be able to get away from them.

The female butterfly's "escape" instinct is quite interesting. In other butterflies, such as most species of the family Sericidae, after the female has copulated, a variety of post-copulatory derivatives grow at the base of the opening of the copulatory capsule, becoming an obstacle that prevents further copulation, and this is a major feature in identifying the species.

Butterflies and Moths

Differences

Butterfly Characteristics

Most butterflies have brightly colored scaly powder on the adaxial surface of the wings, and the surface of the wings is not covered with fuzz. A few butterflies of the Nymphalidae family have a more pronounced fuzz on the root of the hindwing.

Most butterflies have apically expanded rod-like antennae.

The way butterflies rest with all four wings closed and erect on their backs.

Butterflies are sparsely coated on the carapace.

The root of the hind wings visible on the ventral surface of butterflies is curved and without wing reins. Contributes to the increased speed of flight because butterflies generally fly faster than moths during daytime activities.

The chrysalis of the butterfly is naked and cocoonless.

The butterfly's activity time is strictly defined as daytime.

Moth-like characteristics

Moths fly day and night, most are brown or black, and few are as brightly colored as butterflies.

Most moths have pinpoint curved tips of their antennae or the entire antennae are feathery, a few moths have antennae similar to butterflies because they are active during the day.

Most moths rest with all four wings laid flat.

Moth carapace hairs are generally very dense, just as moths of the family Tenebrionidae are easily confused with hummingbirds during flight.

The ventral hindwing roots of most moths are smooth, with very little curvature, which has to do with the moth's slow flight at night.

Moth pupae have cocoons. Silk, for example, is extracted from the cocoons of silkworm moths.

Similarities

Adult moths are covered with scales on the body and wings, and have siphon mouthparts.

Larvae are mostly phytophagous and quite often agricultural pests.

Totally metamorphic.

All have three pairs of legs.

Species Natural Enemies

The main natural enemies of butterflies are:ants, beetles, birds, flies, lizards, frogs, toads, praying mantis, spiders, wasps and parasitic wasps.

Self-defense methods

Warning colors

The letter carrier butterfly, with its red and black wings, and its gaudy markings clearly indicate that this butterfly is poisonous and that predators should stay away from them. And its actually non-poisonous.

Mimicry

The Dead Leaf Nymph, belongs to the family Nymphalidae. World famous mimic butterfly. Distributed in southwestern and central China, the lower altitudes of the Himalaya. When resting, the two sides of the three blade wings tightly closed upright, the body is y hidden, showing the ventral surface of the wings. The ventral surface of the whole main body is bronze in color, coolly resembling a dead leaf in autumn, and also often changing with the seasons, with color and form indistinguishable from the leaf color. A longitudinal black stripes and fine lines across the middle of the fore and aft wings, much like the midrib and branch veins of the leaves; the end of the hind wings and petiole trailing stripes and very similar to the "tail", withered leaf nymphalid butterflies stationary in the branches, it is difficult to distinguish between butterflies or leaves to.

Butterflies in order to avoid harm and survive, in addition to the aforementioned alert color and mimicry, there are still all kinds of self-defense to scare off the instinct of foreign enemies, for example:

Line striped violet butterfly male butterflies in the capture, can be turned out in its abdominal end of a pair of row of glands quickly emit a stench, so that insect-eating birds and other predators have no choice but to abandon, and be spared from the harm.

The larvae of the butterfly have a stinkhorn in the center of the back of the front edge of its prothorax, and when it is frightened, the forked stinkhorn will immediately turn outward, and the stinking liquid will be volatilized, and the odor will be unpleasant, so that the enemy will abandon it to avoid its harm.

And such as the broad-tailed cockatoo's Ⅴ larvae in shock and turn out the horn, but also make the three thoracic nodes convex was a huge triangle, with its three big black spots, the formation of a viper-like threatening posture, for self-defense.

What's more, as the red-horned ladybird butterfly's Ⅴ-year-old larvae, when frightened, can lift up the body of the first five segments of the insect, with its unique abdominal patches, like a cobra's posture before the attack to terrorize the enemy, for self-defense, intriguing.

Wing Usage

Butterfly wings are like the wings of an airplane, allowing butterflies to use the airflow to fly forward; the colorful patterns on the butterfly's wings are amazing. But their colorful wings are not just for people to feast their eyes on. The colorful colors are used to hide, camouflage and attract mates. A new book, "100 Types of Butterflies," written by Harold Feinstein, shows people very beautiful pictures of butterflies and moths.

Beautiful Wings

The South American species, known as the "88 butterfly," is found in South America, where there are about 40 species. Its

Butterfly Pictures Large

Shining Butterfly

Goddess of Light Butterfly

Chinese Tiger Phoenix

Gold Spotted Beaked Phoenix

Paradise Phoenix Butterfly

Bi Phoenix Butterfly

Jade Ribbon Phoenix Butterfly

Dreaming Moonlight Butterfly

Citrus Phoenix Butterfly

Swallowtail Butterfly

Eros Crested Butterfly

Green-banded Emerald Crested Butterfly

Black Crested Butterfly

Great Purple Nymph

Looking for Adoption

The 10 Scariest Butterfly Photos

Kashenoff Ghostly Beauty Crested Butterfly, the legendary Kashenoff Ghostly Beauty Crested Butterfly, which is rumored to fetch a quarter of a million dollars for catching one, but the captors all died a gruesome death in a bizarre way.

Kashenov, exiled in China in the 1920s. He found an extremely bizarre butterfly in a mysterious valley in Yunnan province -- the left and right wings had different patterns, with a beautiful woman on the left and a skeleton on the right, which together were the 'Ghost Beauty'! Kashenov published a paper in an American biology journal and sent a unique specimen of the 'Ghost Beauty'. This butterfly, which exists only in ancient legends, immediately shocked the world.? Legend has it that in ancient times there was a butterfly? called the Kashinov's Ghost Beauty Phoenix Butterfly? The left wing is a beauty that turns the world upside down, and the right wing is a skeleton that is bizarre and strange. Between the wings? "between the wings, the joy and the fear are alternately reproduced?" Kashinov ghost beauty phoenix butterfly" is the royal moth yin and yang butterfly

3d stereo projection video butterfly

First build a good model, paste a good map, set up a good wing animation, and then set up a good movement path.

Second do a good job of animation and then output AVI format video or JPG format sequence picture.

Third import the AVI or sequence image into UleadGIFAnimator, set the parameters and then export as GIF.