It's gastrocnemius. Also known as the triceps surae, it is one of the muscles at the back of the calf. This muscle can make people lift their heels when standing, and at the same time fix their ankles to prevent them from leaning forward. It plays an important role in human upright walking. It is innervated by the tibial nerve.

The gastrocnemius muscle is located under the skin, and its medial head and lateral head start from the back of the medial and lateral epicondyle of femur, and meet with the three heads of soleus muscle downwards, forming a swollen calf at the upper part of the calf, continuing down to the achilles tendon and ending at the calcaneal tubercle.

Gastrocnemius can also affect the longitudinal arch of the foot. When this muscle is paralyzed or atrophied, the longitudinal arch of the foot will deepen. This muscle is innervated by the tibial nerve. When the supracondylar fracture of femur occurs, the distal end often shifts backward due to the contraction of gastrocnemius muscle.

Extended data:

Prevention and treatment of exercise-induced gastrocnemius spasm

Gastrocnemius spasm refers to gastrocnemius spasm and local pain caused by cold or sudden change of posture in one leg or both legs, commonly known as "calf cramp". This is the most common painful muscle spasm.

1, prevention

For exercise patients, we should make full preparations before exercise; Pay attention to keep warm in winter exercise, and get wet with cold water before swimming to improve the adaptability of the body to cold water stimulation. If the water temperature is low, the swimming time should not be too long, and do not stop swimming in the water. Don't take part in strenuous exercise if you are hungry or tired.

Step 2 deal with

When gastrocnemius spasm occurs, make the patient lie on his back or supine position, and then press his feet against the abdomen of the tractor. Under the condition that the tractor trunk is moderately forced forward, the patient's feet are slowly extended backward to lengthen the gastrocnemius muscle, and attention is paid to slow, even and continuous traction.

If calf muscle spasm occurs during swimming, be sure to keep calm, then take a deep breath, lie on your back on the water, hold the cramped toe with the other hand of the cramped limb, pull it hard in the direction of your body, press the knee of the cramped limb with the same hand, and straighten the knee joint, which can be repeated several times in a row; If it doesn't work, or if two gastrocnemius muscles spasm at the same time, you should call for help immediately.

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