Xining City is the capital of Qinghai Province and the political, economic, cultural, educational, science and education, transportation and communication center of the province. The city's permanent population is 2.1536 million, an increase of 1.24%, of which the urban population is 1.2924 million and the rural population is 861,200. Among the permanent population, the urban population is 1.0717 million. The birth rate is 11.98‰, the death rate is 4.37‰, the natural population growth rate is 7.61‰, and the family planning rate is 98.77. It governs four districts: east of the city, middle of the city, west of the city, and north of the city, and three counties: Datong, Huangzhong, and Huangyuan. As well as the Xining (national-level) Economic and Technological Development Zone, Chengnan New District and Haihu New District under construction.

Xining is located between the confrontation between the north and south mountains in the Hehuang Valley of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It belongs to the Qilian Mountain System. The Huangshui River, a tributary of the Yellow River, runs through the urban area from west to east. The city has a total area of ??7,665 square kilometers, with an urban area of ??350 square kilometers and an urban area of ??75 square kilometers. The urban area is 2261 meters long, with an average annual precipitation of 380 mm, an evaporation of 1363.6 mm, an average annual sunshine of 1939.7 hours, an annual average temperature of 7.6 degrees Celsius, a maximum temperature of 34.6 degrees Celsius, and a minimum temperature of minus 18.9 degrees Celsius. It has a semi-arid continental plateau climate. The average summer temperature is 17-19 degrees Celsius, and the climate is pleasant. It is a summer resort and is known as the "Summer Capital of China".

Xining has a long history. During the Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties, the Hehuang area was the center where the ancient Qiang people lived. In the second year of Yuanshou in the Western Han Dynasty (121 BC), General Huo Qubing set up Xiping Pavilion here. Xihai County was established in the 19th year of Jian'an of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 214). Shanzhou was built in the early Tang Dynasty (619 AD) and became a transportation transfer station between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Central Plains. During the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, it was called Qingtang City. It was the capital of Tubo and became a city for east-west trade and transportation, which prospered for a while. In the third year of Song Chongning (AD 1104), the Song army entered Qingtang City, renamed Xining Prefecture (named meaning peace in the west), and built the Longyou Protectorate. In the third year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (1725), it was renamed Xining Prefecture. In 1914, Xining Prefecture was cut and Xining Road was established. In 1926, the road was abolished and changed to Xining Administrative District, with the chief executive of Xining. In 1946, Xining was changed from a county to a city and became the capital of Qinghai Province. Xining was liberated on September 5, 1949 and remained the provincial capital.

Xining is a typical immigrant city, where multiple ethnic groups gather and multiple religions coexist. Xining is located at the intersection of the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the agricultural area and the pastoral area, and the Han and Tibetan cultures. It is the only central city on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with a population of more than one million. It has an immigrant population of one million, including Han, There are 34 ethnic groups including Hui, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Salar, among which the minority population is 543,600, accounting for 25.55% of the total population. Five major religions, Buddhism, Islam, Taoism, Christianity and Catholicism, coexist. Tibetan Buddhism and Islam have a particularly far-reaching influence. Kumbum Monastery is one of the six major Tibetan Buddhist temples in my country, and the Dongguan Mosque is one of the four largest mosques in the northwest. All ethnic groups have united and worked hard to help each other, writing a splendid history of development, creating brilliant achievements, endowed with a rich humanistic spirit, and made Xining appear tolerant, hard-working and open. Innovative urban cultural characteristics Xining is the only place that must pass through the southern route of the ancient "Silk Road" and the "Ancient Tang-Tibet Road". It has been a transportation hub and military center in the northwest since ancient times, and is known as the "Throat of Hidden Sea". With the acceleration of the development of the western region and the pace of modern transportation construction, a transportation network with Xining as the center radiating to the entire province has been formed. National highways 315 and 109 run through the entire territory, expressways and first-class highways extend in all directions, and railways extend to all directions, with a total track mileage of More than 1,300 kilometers. The completion and opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has made Xining the central hub of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Railway. Xining Airport's annual passenger throughput is increasing at a rate of 33%, and it is now connected to major cities across the country. The "Lan-Xi-La" (Lanzhou-Xining-Lhasa) communication optical cable project enables telephone communications to connect all parts of the country and dozens of countries around the world.