A complete sentence consists of subject, predicate and object. The reading pause of classical Chinese sentences is often between subject and predicate, or between verb and object.
This division accords with the complete expression of sentence meaning. Such as: (3) giving/trying/being kind (Yueyang Tower) (4) rate/wife/foreigner/coming to this corner (Peach Blossom Garden) 2. Determine the reading rhythm according to the modal particles at the beginning of the sentence. Some classical Chinese sentences contain modal particles at the beginning, indicating that they will make comments and prompt the reasons, such as: (5) Beggar/One-year-old sentenced to death/Two Swallows ("Snake Catcher") (6) Husband/abstaining from attacking it/but failed ("If you get help from the Tao, you won't get help from the Tao") Third, according to the "Zhi" in the sentence. In classical Chinese, the usage of "zhi" is many and complicated.
The word "zhi", which plays a soothing role, helps us to determine the reading rhythm: the pause is often after, so that the tone of the whole sentence is not urgent, but urgent. Such as: (7) Peng Zhi/moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles.
("Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour") (8) Medical care/good governance/thinking about merit. (See Cai Henggong) Fourth, determine the reading rhythm according to the conjunctions or endings at the beginning of the sentence. If there are conjunctions at the beginning of a sentence indicating assumptions, turning points, etc. Such as "if", "er", "naturally" or concluding words such as "so" and "that's it", these words often need to be paused.
If you stop printing three or two copies, it won't be easy. (Trapped door) (10) and/or the mountain does not increase (one mountain in Gong Yu) (1 1) But when can we have fun (the story of Yueyang Tower) (12)? /From then on, it was called Zuiweng to determine the reading rhythm according to the inherent logical meaning of the sentence. There is a typical example in the classical Chinese selected by junior high school: there is a dog (wolf) sitting in front. The understanding of "dog" in this sentence is the most critical: it cannot be understood as "dog", but as a dog, and "dog" is a noun as an adverbial.
One of the wolves sat in front of the butcher like a dog. According to the understanding of the meaning of the sentence, the pause of this sentence should be after "one", that is, one/dog sits in front.
The rhythm division of the following sentences should also follow the logical meaning: nature/getting it and wax it/taking it as bait (snake catcher said). In fact, there are far more than five ways to divide the reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences, and these five methods are not used in isolation. To correctly divide the reading rhythm, we need to accurately understand the meaning of the sentence and grasp its inherent logical meaning.
Skills and methods of dividing the reading rhythm of classical Chinese; Reading sentences clearly and pausing correctly is one of the requirements for reading classical Chinese. There are two kinds of pauses: one is the pause between sentences, that is, the length and intonation of the pause between sentences are determined according to punctuation marks; One is a short pause in a sentence, which is a tone pause divided by words or phrases according to the internal relationship between sentence components.
The premise of correct pause in a sentence is to master the meaning and grammatical structure of the sentence. Therefore, when answering such questions, we can first translate the sentences to clearly understand the meaning, and regard the texts with similar meanings as "meaning units", and there is often a pause between "units" and "units"; When analyzing the grammatical structure, we can first grasp the verb, connect the words before and after the verb, observe the whole sentence, find the subject forward, find the object backward, and then find other components, so that we can determine the grammatical structure of the sentence and determine the pause in the sentence accordingly. Reading knowledge map is an important aspect of language ability, and the pause in sentences, especially in classical Chinese, is an important embodiment of reading ability.
There are six situations: pay attention to pause. 1, there should be a pause between the subject and the predicate.
There should be a pause between the predicate and the object. There should be a pause between the predicate center and the prepositional phrase.
There should be a pause between "Gu Er and Jin Yi". There should be a pause after the related words.
6. There should be a pause after the general introduction. Third, there are several ways to determine the pause in the paragraph: 1, the auxiliary word at the beginning of the sentence (also called the first word of the sentence), and the pause after the related word.
In classical Chinese, there are some function words placed at the beginning of a sentence, which play the role of emphasizing mood or guiding the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. Commonly used opening words and related words mainly include the following types: opening words: ruzhi, ruruo, ruruo, fu, rufu, Gai, ran, ze, ran, qi, ruruo, yi, yi.
For example, if it's spring and Jingming, if it's husband's lewd rain, then it's appropriate for Beitong Martial Arts to open a holy court conjunction: harmony, though, cause, "talent" and "reason". For example, if you don't read the stone, even if I die, God will be responsible. If you are a man, you should pause after these words and don't read with the following words.
2. There were two monosyllabic words in ancient times and one disyllabic word in modern Chinese, which should be read separately. Therefore, God will be responsible for/to people.
(2) can/and the first world war. (3) The sound of middle/middle force collapsing.
In 1, "so" and "Yu" are prepositions, "gei" means pronouns, and the meaning of "this" should be read separately. In Example 2, "ke" is two monosyllabic words. "Ke" is a will verb and "Yi" is a preposition.
In Example 3, "zhong" means "zhong" and "zhong" means "inclusion". 3. Pause in word order, that is, pause according to "subject-predicate object", "adverbial predicate" and "verb complement", that is, pause between subject and predicate, pause between verb and complement (generally not pause between attribute and head word) to make the meaning obvious.
The first emperor/minister was mean. "I am despicable" is a subject-predicate phrase as an object and cannot be pronounced as "first emperor/non-minister/despicable".
2 Good wood/beautiful and cloudy. (3) Q/What time is it now? (4) In an instant/a modern poem with Tang Xian written on it. Example (3) "Jia Mu" is the initiator of the action and the object of the statement, and there should be a pause between it and the following predicate.
The verbs "ask" and "carve" in examples 3 and 4.
2. The division method of classical Chinese rhythm:
First, there should be a pause after the auxiliary word (also called the first word) and the related word.
Second, ancient times were two monosyllabic words, and modern Chinese is a disyllabic word, so we should read it separately.
Third, pause in word order, that is, pause according to "subject-predicate object", "adverbial predicate" and "verb complement", that is, pause between subject and predicate, verb and complement (generally not pause between attribute and head word) to make the meaning obvious.
Fourth, adverbial nouns and headwords should be read together, that is, when nouns are adverbials, they usually pause before words, and adverbials and headwords cannot be read separately. If you read it separately, you will mistake the adverbial for the subject and change the meaning of the sentence.
There should be a pause after the word "and". However, if the word "er" plays a later role in a sentence, it can't stop, that is, the word "er" can't be read separately from the following words, but should be read continuously.
1. If "er" is connected with an adjective (or adverb) and a verb in a sentence, that is, "adjective (adverb)+er+verb", then the preceding adjective or adverb acts as an adverbial to modify the following verb and cannot be read separately.
2. If "he" is connected with two verbs in a sentence, that is, "verb+and+verb", then "he" means sequential connection, that is, the previous action occurs and the latter action occurs immediately. At this time, "he" can't stop, but should be continuous with the latter verb.
3. "Er" connects two words with the same part of speech (that is, two nouns, two verbs and two adjectives), indicating a coordinate relationship, which is equivalent to "He", "You", "He" or not translated. There should be no pause after "er" at this time.
4. The word "He" indicates transitive relationship, which is equivalent to "He", "Yu", "Gang" or no translation.
Sixth, the rhythm pause should reflect the original appearance of the sentence structure.
Seven, the rhythm pause should reflect the ellipsis.
Eight, to understand the ancient country name, year number, official position, title, historical facts and place names, otherwise it will easily lead to reading pause errors.
Nine, "ye" is used in sentences to indicate a pause, and then pause when reading aloud. If you are an auxiliary word at the end of a sentence, don't stop.
Ten, pause reflects the jurisdiction of keywords.
Eleven, four words, five words, six words, seven words, etc. With neat sentence patterns, you can read with the same pause when reading aloud, so that the tone and intonation can be connected in one breath.
Three laws of rhythm division in classical Chinese sentences;
Firstly, according to the grammatical structure of classical Chinese sentences, the reading rhythm (subject, predicate and object) is determined.
Second, determine the reading rhythm according to function words or summary words such as head words, modal particles and related words.
Third, the inversion of the sentence should be suspended.
It is also important to understand the meaning of the text correctly, because it is the premise to determine the pause rhythm of classical Chinese. While summing up experience, lay a solid foundation of classical Chinese and let yourself have a good sense of classical Chinese.
I hope to use Zoroastrianism team to answer your questions. Please keep asking questions. Thank you!
3. How to divide the reading rhythm of classical Chinese? The division method of reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences: 1. There should be a pause after the first word and related words in the sentence.
In classical Chinese, some function words are placed at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the tone or get the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. For example, there should be a pause after these words, such as "Fu", "Gai", "So", "Wei", "Zhi Ruo" and "Cheng".
For example: husband/ring and attack it; Cover/simplify the peach pit and trim the narrow; Therefore, two connected monosyllabic words in classical Chinese must be read separately and cannot be read as disyllabic compounds. For example, it is possible/with World War I; The sound of middle/middle force collapsing; Therefore, the sky will fall/people. 3. Deal with pauses in linguistic order, that is, there should be pauses between subject and predicate, and there should be pauses between verb and object.
For example: Meimu/Meiyin; Q/What is this world? Engraved/Tang xian's poems of modern people are endowed on it. 4. Adverbial nouns and headwords should be read together, that is, when nouns are adverbials, they usually stop before words, and adverbials and headwords cannot be read separately. For example: first, the dog sits/sits in front; Xing Shan/Liu Qili 5. The pause in reading should reflect the ellipsis, and you can't read it as if there were no ellipsis.
For example: one drum/breath, then/and drop, three/and exhaust 6, use the understanding of the text to determine the pause. When reading classical Chinese, we should understand the meaning of the text according to the context. Only by accurately understanding the meaning of the text can we pause accurately.
For example, good doctors do not cure diseases/take merits; If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people. For example: wild vegetables/wild bream; There are fertile fields/beautiful ponds/mulberry trees and bamboo here. 8. Can't stop the situation: positive phrases: for example, and/neighbor's life/Japanese squatting phrases: for example, insufficient/outsiders/Taoist priests; Birth/suffering; 9. See the country name, year number, official position, historical facts and place names in classical Chinese clearly and never read them.
For example: Yushan/Wang Yi/Shu/Ke 10, there should be a pause between poems. The reading of ancient poems has its rules, generally speaking, it is a pause of two words, that is, a pause of syllables.
For example: several places/early warblers/competitions/warm trees; Tianmen/Interrupt/Chujiang/Open can also pause according to the unit of meaning: for example, several early warblers/competing for warm trees; Tianmen is interrupted/Chu River is opened.
4. The division method of reading pause in classical Chinese, at least 0.27 yuan. Open a librarian to view the complete content > Original Publisher: * * The division method of reading pauses in Asian classical Chinese Part I: Reading is an important aspect of language ability, and pauses in sentences, especially in classical Chinese, are an important manifestation of reading ability.
There are six situations: pay attention to pause. 1, there should be a pause between the subject and the predicate.
There should be a pause between the predicate and the object. There should be a pause between the predicate center and the prepositional phrase.
There should be a pause between "Gu Er and Jin Yi". There should be a pause after the related words.
6. There should be a pause after the general introduction. Third, there are several ways to determine the pause in the paragraph: 1, the auxiliary word at the beginning of the sentence (also called the first word of the sentence), and the pause after the related word.
In classical Chinese, there are some function words placed at the beginning of a sentence, which play the role of emphasizing mood or guiding the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. There are mainly the following kinds of commonly used opening words and related words: (1) opening words, such as "Zhi", "Ruo", "Gai", "Ran", "Ran", "Qi", "Yi" and "Cheng Yi".
For example, in spring, if it rains, it is perfect to open a holy court in Beitong martial arts. (2) Related words: and, although, because, only and so on. For example, if you don't read the stone, even if I die, God will be responsible. If you are a man, you should pause after these words and don't read with the following words.
2. There were two monosyllabic words in ancient times and one disyllabic word in modern Chinese, which should be read separately. Therefore, God will be responsible for/to people.
(2) can/and the first world war. (3) The sound of middle/middle force collapsing.
49(2c7 If the inflection word appears at the beginning of the sentence. For example, there should be a pause between predicate and complement.
For example, I will tell you 2.
5. The division method of pause in classical Chinese reading Original Press: * * Asia
The division method of pause in classical Chinese reading
Chapter one: the division method of reading pause in classical Chinese.
Reading is an important aspect of language ability, and the pause in sentences, especially in classical Chinese, is an important embodiment of reading ability. There are six situations: pay attention to pause.
1, there should be a pause between the subject and the predicate.
There should be a pause between the predicate and the object.
There should be a pause between the predicate center and the prepositional phrase.
There should be a pause between "Gu Er and Jin Yi".
There should be a pause after the related words.
6. There should be a pause after the general introduction.
Third, the method of guidance.
There are several ways to determine the pause in a paragraph:
1, there should be a pause after the auxiliary word (also called the first word) and the related word. In classical Chinese, there are some function words placed at the beginning of a sentence, which play the role of emphasizing mood or guiding the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. Commonly used sentence words and related words mainly include the following:
The first words in the sentence (1) are: Zhi, Ruo, Zhi Ruo, Ruofu, Gairan, Ran Ze, Qi Ruozhi, Yi, Cheng Yi, Zhe, Qi and so on.
For example, if it rains in spring, it will be appropriate to open a holy court in Beitong Martial Arts.
(2) Related words: cut, although, because, only, therefore, etc.
Like earth and stone? Even if I die, God will be responsible for it. /people are like earth and stone.
When reading, pause after these words, and you can't read the following words.
2. There were two monosyllabic words in ancient times and one disyllabic word in modern Chinese, which should be read separately. For example:
(1) so the day will/is also.
(2) can/and the first world war.
(3) The sound of middle/middle force collapsing. 49(2c7 If the inflection word appears at the beginning of the sentence. For example, there should be a pause between predicate and complement. Warn 2
6. How to divide the reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences 1. Determining the reading rhythm according to the grammatical structure of classical Chinese sentences Generally speaking, the grammatical structure of classical Chinese sentences is basically the same as that of modern Chinese.
A complete sentence consists of subject, predicate and object. The reading pause of classical Chinese sentences is often between subject and predicate, or between verb and object.
This division accords with the complete expression of sentence meaning. Such as: (3) giving/trying/being kind (Yueyang Tower) (4) rate/wife/foreigner/coming to this corner (Peach Blossom Garden) 2. Determine the reading rhythm according to the modal particles at the beginning of the sentence. Some classical Chinese sentences contain modal particles at the beginning, indicating that they will make comments and prompt the reasons, such as: (5) Beggar/One-year-old sentenced to death/Two Swallows ("Snake Catcher") (6) Husband/abstaining from attacking it/but failed ("If you get help from the Tao, you won't get help from the Tao") Third, according to the "Zhi" in the sentence. In classical Chinese, the usage of "zhi" is many and complicated.
The word "zhi", which plays a soothing role, helps us to determine the reading rhythm: the pause is often after, so that the tone of the whole sentence is not urgent, but urgent. Such as: (7) Peng Zhi/moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles.
("Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour") (8) Medical care/good governance/thinking about merit. (See Cai Henggong) Fourth, determine the reading rhythm according to the conjunctions or endings at the beginning of the sentence. If there are conjunctions at the beginning of a sentence indicating assumptions, turning points, etc. Such as "if", "er", "naturally" or concluding words such as "so" and "that's it", these words often need to be paused.
If you stop printing three or two copies, it won't be easy. (Trapped door) (10) and/or the mountain does not increase (one mountain in Gong Yu) (1 1) But when can we have fun (the story of Yueyang Tower) (12)? /From then on, it was called Zuiweng to determine the reading rhythm according to the inherent logical meaning of the sentence. There is a typical example in the classical Chinese selected by junior high school: there is a dog (wolf) sitting in front. The understanding of "dog" in this sentence is the most critical: it cannot be understood as "dog", but as a dog, and "dog" is a noun as an adverbial.
One of the wolves sat in front of the butcher like a dog. According to the understanding of the meaning of the sentence, the pause of this sentence should be after "one", that is, one/dog sits in front.
The rhythm division of the following sentences should also follow the logical meaning: nature/getting it and wax it/taking it as bait (snake catcher said). In fact, there are far more than five ways to divide the reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences, and these five methods are not used in isolation. To correctly divide the reading rhythm, we need to accurately understand the meaning of the sentence and grasp its inherent logical meaning.
Skills and methods of dividing the reading rhythm of classical Chinese; Reading sentences clearly and pausing correctly is one of the requirements for reading classical Chinese. There are two kinds of pauses: one is the pause between sentences, that is, the length and intonation of the pause between sentences are determined according to punctuation marks; One is a short pause in a sentence, which is a tone pause divided by words or phrases according to the internal relationship between sentence components.
The premise of correct pause in a sentence is to master the meaning and grammatical structure of the sentence. Therefore, when answering such questions, we can first translate the sentences to clearly understand the meaning, and regard the texts with similar meanings as "meaning units", and there is often a pause between "units" and "units"; When analyzing the grammatical structure, we can first grasp the verb, connect the words before and after the verb, observe the whole sentence, find the subject forward, find the object backward, and then find other components, so that we can determine the grammatical structure of the sentence and determine the pause in the sentence accordingly. Reading knowledge map is an important aspect of language ability, and the pause in sentences, especially in classical Chinese, is an important embodiment of reading ability.
There are six situations: pay attention to pause. 1, there should be a pause between the subject and the predicate.
There should be a pause between the predicate and the object. There should be a pause between the predicate center and the prepositional phrase.
There should be a pause between "Gu Er and Jin Yi". There should be a pause after the related words.
6. There should be a pause after the general introduction. Third, there are several ways to determine the pause in the paragraph: 1, the auxiliary word at the beginning of the sentence (also called the first word of the sentence), and the pause after the related word.
In classical Chinese, there are some function words placed at the beginning of a sentence, which play the role of emphasizing mood or guiding the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. Commonly used opening words and related words mainly include the following types: opening words: ruzhi, ruruo, ruruo, fu, rufu, Gai, ran, ze, ran, qi, ruruo, yi, yi.
For example, if it's spring and Jingming, if it's husband's lewd rain, then it's appropriate for Beitong Martial Arts to open a holy court conjunction: harmony, though, cause, "talent" and "reason". For example, if you don't study geology, even if I die, God will be responsible. If you are human, you should pause after these words and don't read them in the following words.
2. There were two monosyllabic words in ancient times and one disyllabic word in modern Chinese, which should be read separately. Therefore, God will be responsible for/to people.
(2) can/and the first world war. (3) The sound of middle/middle force collapsing.
In 1, "so" and "Yu" are prepositions, "gei" means pronouns, and the meaning of "this" should be read separately. In Example 2, "ke" is two monosyllabic words. "Ke" is a will verb and "Yi" is a preposition.
In Example 3, "zhong" means "zhong" and "zhong" means "inclusion". 3. Pause in language order, that is, according to 7A68696416FE78988E69D83313331326263, according to "subject-predicate", "adverbial-predicate" and "verb-complement", that is,
The first emperor/minister was mean. "I am despicable" is a subject-predicate phrase as an object and cannot be pronounced as "first emperor/non-minister/despicable".
2 Good wood/beautiful and cloudy. ③ What is the problem/now? (4) instant/Tang Xian modern poems are written on it. In example 3, "Jia Mu" is the initiator of the action and the object of the sentence, which is between the action and the predicate part behind it.
7. How to divide the reading rhythm of ancient Chinese 1. According to the principle of "subject/predicate/object", the reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences is divided according to the structural components of sentences. The first step to divide the reading rhythm of classical Chinese sentences is to analyze the relationship between the components of the sentence, sort out the trunk of the sentence and understand what the subject, predicate and object are.
The second step is to divide a sentence according to the principle of subject-predicate pause and predicate-object pause, so as to divide the most obvious reading rhythm of a sentence. For example, Zou Ji satirizes the sentence "I really know that Xu Hongmei is not as good as Xu Hongmei" in The King of Qi, which means "I really know that Xu Hongmei is not as good as Xu Hongmei", and the trunk of the sentence is "I know that Xu Hongmei is not as good as Xu Hongmei", which corresponds to a classical Chinese sentence, so the subject of the sentence is "I know" and the predicate is "Xu Hongmei is not as good as Xu Hongmei".
Of course, the sentences that can be divided in this way must be subject-predicate sentences. Second, according to the form of "verb-object/verb-object", some sentences have subjects, predicates and objects, which form a subject-predicate structure, but what if some sentences have no subject-predicate structure? Don't worry, analyze it again and use the second method of "verb-object/verb-object" to divide it.
For example, there is a pause in the reading of the sentence "Leading a wife to this desperate situation" in Peach Blossom Garden. In this sentence, "leadership" means "leadership", which is a verb, and "leading his wife" is the content and object of "leadership", which is a verb-object structure. "Lai" is a verb, "this desperate situation" is a place to come, and "Lai" is an object and a verb-object structure.
On the whole, this sentence consists of two verb-object structures, so the pause in reading this sentence is "to lead his wife to this desperate place." How to divide longer sentences, such as "those who can slander me in the market will be rewarded", is this method applicable? Again, don't worry.
Now let's analyze it again: this sentence means "I can discuss my fault loudly in the market, and what I hear will be rewarded by inferiority". The verbs are "discuss", "let … hear" and "receive", while the verbs in classical Chinese sentences are "swear", "smell" and "receive". "Xia Shang" is the object of "acceptance". In this case, "who can slander the city" is a verb-object structure, "who hears my ears" is a verb-object structure, and "who receives Xia Shang" is also a verb-object structure. Then, whether the reading pause of this sentence is "Who can slander the city/hear my ears/receive Xia Shang" or third, according to the principle of "while the former comes first", there are some sentences that indicate the meaning transition in addition to the sentences with subject-predicate structure and verb-object structure, then we can use the third method to divide the reading rhythm: according to the principle of "while the former comes first".
For example, in My Fish, if you are right, you can make trouble without doing it. If you are right, you can make trouble without doing it. If you are right, you can make trouble without doing it. If you are right, you can make trouble without doing it. According to the principle of "before, before", the reading pause of this sentence is ". Another example is "10,000 minutes can be accepted without distinguishing propriety", which can be divided into "10,000 minutes can be accepted without distinguishing propriety" according to the principle of "before".
According to the principle of "before, before", the pause in reading can be divided into "when/when/when/when/when foreign patients are invincible". But there are also sentences, such as "When can I have fun?" How to divide it? Let's take a look: "Ranze" means a turning point, followed by "When to have fun" is the content of the turning point, but "Ranze" does not have the content of the previous meaning. This sentence is just a turning point in the meaning of the next sentence, which belongs to a simple sentence, so its division can only be "Zehou".
From this point of view, if a sentence is divided according to the principle of "the former is the former", then its content must be two or more layers, and its two meanings must appear at the same time, so that its rhythm division is correct, otherwise, this principle is incorrect. Fourth, with a sense of language, some sentences are divided according to their meanings. The above three methods can't be separated, so we have to rely on the sense of language and the method of sentence meaning.
This is the fourth division method I proposed. For example, in Born in Worry and Died in Happiness, the sentence "People always make mistakes and then can change" means "People often make mistakes, but then can change", and there is a pause in the tone, so the pause is natural and clear, "People always make mistakes/then can change".
Another example is the phrase "no confused ears" in Humble Room Inscription, which means "no noise of music disturbs my peace". "No confused ears" is the content of "nothing", and both are the elements of "nothing", so the pause in reading this sentence is "no confused ears".