Herbs of Dietotherapy describes the vegetables that people have recently eaten, such as burdock, amaranth, incense and so on. The newly introduced vegetables include borage, spinach, water chestnut, fennel and so on. All these reflect the progress in cultivating, introducing and domesticating cultivated plants in the Tang Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, overseas transportation was developed, and commercial exchanges between China and Persia were frequent. Many aromatic drugs were imported by Persian merchants, which increased people's knowledge of medicinal animals and plants. According to the records in Materia Medica of Haiyao, these drugs include 16 kinds of drugs that are not recorded in previous books, such as Bottle Fragrant, Yinan Herb, Garcinia Garcinia, Shizicao, Shamu Mian, Anti-Soul Fragrant, Red Bean, Wild Goose, Nuhui Wood, Unknown Wood, Sea Silkworm, Langjunzi, etc.