1, wind-cold cough: manifested as thin, white cough, easy cough, shortness of breath and itching, accompanied by headache, stuffy nose, runny nose, chills, slight fever, no sweat, limb pain, etc.
2, wind-heat cough: manifested as severe cough, hoarseness, cough with yellow phlegm, small amount, uncomfortable cough, sticky or yellow sputum, uncomfortable cough, often accompanied by fever, dry mouth, sore throat and so on.
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Cough is a common symptom of respiratory tract, which is caused by inflammation, foreign body, physical or chemical stimulation of trachea, bronchial mucosa or pleura. It shows that the glottis closes, the respiratory muscles contract and the pressure in the lungs increases, and then the glottis opens, and air is ejected from the lungs, usually accompanied by sound. Cough has a protective effect on removing foreign bodies and secretions from respiratory tract. However, if the cough keeps changing from acute to chronic, it will often bring great pain to patients, such as chest tightness, itchy throat and asthma.
The formation and recurrence of cough is often the result of a combination of complex factors.
1. inhalation
Inhalations can be divided into two types: specific and nonspecific. The former such as dust mites, pollen, fungi, animal dander and so on. Nonspecific inhalants, such as sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide, chloramine, etc. Specific inhalants for occupational cough, such as toluene diisocyanate, phthalic anhydride, ethylenediamine, penicillin, protease, amylase, silk, animal dander or excrement, etc. In addition, nonspecific ones include formaldehyde and formic acid.
2. Influence
The formation and attack of cough are related to repeated respiratory infections. There may be specific IgE such as bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma in patients with cough. If the corresponding antigen is inhaled, it can stimulate cough. After virus infection, it can directly damage the respiratory epithelium, leading to increased respiratory reactivity. Some scholars believe that interferon and IL- 1 produced by virus infection increase histamine released by basophils. In infancy, many people have cough symptoms after respiratory virus (especially respiratory syncytial virus) infection. Cough caused by parasites such as ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm can be seen in areas with poor sanitary environment.
3. food
Cough attacks caused by diet are more common in cough patients, especially infants who are prone to food allergies, but gradually decrease with age. The most common foods that cause allergies are fish, shrimp, crab, eggs and milk.
4. Climate change
Cough can be induced when air temperature, temperature, air pressure and/or ions in the air change, so it is more common in cold season or climate change in autumn and winter.
5. Mental factors
Patients with emotional excitement, tension, resentment and anger can all lead to cough attacks, which are generally thought to be caused by cerebral cortex and vagus reflex or hyperventilation.
take exercise
70% ~ 80% of cough patients induce cough after strenuous exercise, which is called exercise cough or exercise cough. Clinical manifestations include cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing, auscultation and wheezing. Some patients have no typical asthma after exercise, but bronchospasm can be found by lung function examination before and after exercise.
7. Cough and drugs
Some drugs can cause cough attacks, such as propranolol, which can block β2 adrenergic receptors and cause cough.
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