Once upon a time, apple was also a "good fruit" with a close price. However, with the increase in the price of the whole fruit market, apples are a little overwhelmed.
It is reported that the current price of apples in Xue Rui is 7.25 yuan, the wholesale price of cream Fuji is 5.93 yuan, and the wholesale price of Golden Star apples is also in 5.9 yuan.
Moreover, in just one month recently, the price of Fuji apples has increased by 0. 12 yuan/kg, reaching 4.5 1 yuan/kg. You know, in June 2022, the price of Fuji apples was only about 3.2 yuan/Jin.
In fact, the price increase is far more than one kind of apple. According to statistics, the average wholesale price of five kinds of fruits monitored by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in June 20 19 was 3.04 yuan/kg, and the current price was 3.77 yuan/kg, with an increase of 24.0 1%. The price of fruit has also reached the highest level in the last five years.
With the rising price of fruit, everyone's first feeling is that fruit is too expensive to eat.
Because the growth rate of fruit price has far exceeded the growth rate of our income, in 2022 alone, China's fruit price increased by 12.9%, while the data of the National Bureau of Statistics show that the per capita disposable income of the national residents increased by only 5% in 2022, and if other factors are considered, it actually increased by only 2.9%.
Many people will think that the price of fruit has gone up, so the farmers who grow fruit must be rich.
I thought so at first, until I visited my brother-in-law's house during the Spring Festival and learned about the benefits of his growing apples. My point of view changed completely.
My hometown is Yantai, Shandong Province, which is a famous apple producing area. The main income of relatives in my hometown comes from planting apples.
According to my brother-in-law, he planted about 654.38 million apple bags in the 10 acre apple orchard last year. This year, the apple market was ideal, and it was not affected by natural disasters such as hail and typhoon. * * * sold about 80 thousand.
Among them, the cost of pesticides is about 4000 yuan, the cost of fertilizers is about 8000 yuan, and the rest is the labor cost of brother-in-law and aunt. That is to say, from February in spring to mid-October in/kloc-0, two people earned more than 60,000 yuan in nine months, even worse than the couple who worked in my home for one year (annual salary of husband and wife 168).
Fruit is too expensive to eat, but farmers can't make more money. What's the problem?
Nowadays, fruit is very expensive. First, most of the fruits we usually see in fruit shops or supermarkets are scarce, while ordinary fruits with large supply are rare.
They are all strawberries with red "white lovers" inside. A catty costs 35-55 yuan, while a catty of ordinary strawberries only costs more than ten yuan.
Then there is the apple mentioned above. Now the average wholesale price of ordinary Fuji apples is 3.54 yuan, while the price of "popular color" in Xue Rui is as high as 7.25 yuan.
The popular sunshine rose in recent years, even if the price is halved again, the average wholesale price can still reach 7.79 yuan, while the ordinary giant peak only needs 3.2 yuan.
Because the price of ordinary fruit is low, firstly, the income of fruit farmers is not high, and the profits of supermarkets and fruit shops are also very low, which leads to the reluctance of fruit farmers to grow ordinary fruits and the reluctance of retail industry to sell ordinary fruits. There are fewer and fewer ordinary low-priced fruits on the market. What you see or hear is more about new varieties of fruit, which are rare and expensive. When there is less new fruit on the market, the price will naturally go up.
The second is because of the intervention of capital.
In the month of 65438+ 10 this year, Baiguoyuan, known as the "first fruit chain retail stock", was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.
The biggest change brought by the intervention of capital to the fruit industry is the further refinement of fruit grading. Similarly, taking apples as an example, the conventional grading standard is to look at the size of the fruit diameter. The larger the fruit diameter, the higher the grade and the more expensive the price. At present, the price of apples with a fruit diameter above 85mm is about 1 yuan higher than that of apples with a fruit diameter of 70-84 mm
Baiguoyuan has raised the grading standard of fruits from simple size to "four degrees and one safety", which involves sugar, sour, fresh, crisp, tender, fragrant and safe, selecting the best among the best, and picking out the best fruits to sell at high prices.
If it is not good, it will be eliminated directly and will not be listed at all.
For example, when fruit merchants come to my hometown to collect apples, they will only collect apples with a diameter of more than 80mm, and fruit farmers below 80mm can only sell them to juice factories for processing juice or deep-processed products such as apple slices and dried apples.
Low-grade and cheap fruits are not available, forcing consumers to consume only high-grade and expensive fruits.
What's more, with the increase of people's income and the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for quality of life are getting higher and higher, and more people are willing to pay for "eating well".
The third is that there are too many intermediate links.
Most of the fruits planted by fruit farmers will be sold directly to buyers, and the apples bought by buyers will be wholesaled by wholesalers after being transported to the market. Fruits pass through the hands of first-,second-and even third-class wholesalers, and finally reach the farmers' market, and finally enter supermarkets and fruit shops.
But every link will increase the price once, and the planting cost of a catty of ordinary bananas may be only 0.63 yuan. After a series of links, the cost has increased to 1.32 yuan, and the price has doubled directly.
How do fruit farmers increase their income?
Fruit farmers must invest in the "market" if they want to increase their income.
In the current market, consumers like to try fresh fruits, and fruit farmers should collect the fruit market in real time and update the planting varieties in time.
For example, apples can be upgraded from Old Red Fuji to Cream Fuji, to Xue Rui, Venus Golden Apple and so on. Ordinary can be upgraded from giant peak and rose fragrance to sunshine rose, golden finger and romantic beauty. Strawberries can be upgraded from ordinary strawberries to white lovers and Dandong Jiujiu strawberries; Citrus can be upgraded from ordinary orange to rake orange, Ehime orange and so on.
Consumers like high-quality fruits, so we should improve the quality of fruits according to grading standards. Fruit farmers can improve the standards of sugar acidity, tenderness, crispness and safety of fruits by improving planting techniques.
Consumers like fruits with high quality and low price, so it is necessary to minimize intermediate links, such as direct docking between fruit farmers and consumers through some short video platforms on the Internet, and reducing intermediate links such as buyers and traders, so that fruit farmers can make more money and consumers can spend less.