Pinyin name Zhū Shā Gēn
Alias Ardisia, Phoenix Intestine, Rat Tail, Flat Wood, Lycopodium, Umbrella Covered with Golden Beads, Iron Umbrella, Blood Dispelling Pill, Wave Umbrella Root, Golden Chicken Claw, High-legged Umbrella, Small Umbrella, Cortex Moutan, Golden Key, Throat-opening Arrow, Three Roots, Three-two Gold, High Tea Wind, Iron Umbrella, Snow Blossom, Golden Rooster Umbrella, Golden Rooster Umbrella.
source
Source of medicinal materials: Ardisia crenata root or Ardisia crenata root of Ardisia family.
Latin plant and animal mineral name:1.ardisia c renata sims2.ardisia c renata simsvar.bicolpr (walker) c.y.wu et c.chen [a.bicolor walker]
Harvesting and storage: digging, chopping, drying or fresh use in autumn.
Original form
1. Shrub, height 1-2m. There are no branches except lateral special flower branches. Leaves alternate; Petiole length is about1cm; Leaf blade is leathery or papery, elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base deformed, 7-1 15cm long, 2-4cm wide, with corrugated or wavy teeth at the edge, obvious marginal glandular points, and sometimes tiny scales on the back; Lateral veins 12- 18 pairs form irregular marginal veins. Umbellies or cymes, inserted at the top of lateral special flower branches; Flowers often have 2-3 leaves near the top; Pedicel length 7-10 mm; Sepals oblong-ovate, long 1.5mm or slightly shorter, as thin as 2.5mm, with glandular spots; Petals are white, sparsely pinkish, rolled back in full bloom, printed, with acute apex and glandular spots, and sometimes there are * * *-like protrusions near the base inside; Stamens are shorter than petals, anthers are triangular-lanceolate, and there are often glandular spots on the back; The pistil is nearly as long as the petals or slightly longer, and the ovary has glandular points. Fruit spherical, 6-8mm in diameter, bright red, with glandular spots. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is10-1February, sometimes from February to April.
2. The difference between this variety and Ardisia crenata root is that the leaf back, pedicel, calyx and petals are purplish red, and some plants have purplish red leaves on both sides.
Habitat distribution
Eco-environment: 1. Born under trees or bushes at an altitude of 500-2000m.
2. Born under trees or bushes at an altitude of 500-2000m.
Distribution of resources: 1. It is distributed from southeast Tibet to Taiwan Province and from Hubei to Hainan.
2. Distributed in southeastern Tibet to Taiwan Province and Hubei to Hainan.
cultivate
Biological characteristics of subtropical, like warm, shady and humid environment. Avoid drought and require fertile soil with good ventilation and drainage.
Cultivation techniques propagate with seeds or layering. Sowing in the north in spring, sowing in the south1February, suitable germination temperature 18℃, layering in spring, can be divided in autumn. The Yangtze River basin can be cultivated in the open field, and it is advisable to choose a moist and shaded forest or a place where running water splashes fog and is not directly exposed to the sun.
Field management: potted plants are suitable for indoor wintering in the north. Summer and autumn require adequate moisture, good ventilation and semi-shade. Apply liquid fertilizer1~ 2 times a month in April 4- 10/0, and when the new shoots grow to more than 8cm, remove the top and pick the core to promote branching. If the branches are weak, they can be cut off after 8 ~10 cm on the ground in March, and then topdressing, 7 ~10d1time, and the plants can become stout after re-germination.
character
Character identification Roots are clustered on slightly enlarged rhizomes, which are cylindrical, slightly curved, 5-25cm long and 2- 10mm in diameter. The surface is brown or grayish brown, with many longitudinal wrinkles and transverse or annular cracks, and the skin and wood are easy to separate. Hard and brittle, easy to break, uneven broken surface, thick skin, accounting for about half of the cross section, white or light purple, light yellow wood. Slight breath, slightly bitter and pungent taste, with a tingling feeling.
Thick strips and thick skins are preferred.
Microscopic identification of root cross section: the cork layer is more than 10 rows of cork cells, and the inner wall of the inner 1- rows of cells is thickened, lignified and stone-like. Broad cortex; The endodermis is obvious, the cells contain brown substances, and the stele sheath has one or several stone cells arranged in a ring intermittently. Phloem stenosis. The cambium in the bundle is visible, the xylem is developed, and the vessels are arranged radially in a single row, and some contain brownish yellow substances; 2-6 rows of cells with line width. Thin-walled cells contain starch granules.
Powder characteristics: light brown red. 1 starch granules are numerous, which are round-like, irregular oval, helmet-hat-shaped, with a diameter of 8-28-39μm, and the umbilicus is punctate and cracked, and some of them are layered; Compound granules consist of 2-4 fractions. The stone cells are square, irregular rectangle and triangle, with a diameter of about 20μm, different wall thicknesses and obvious pits; The stone cells scattered in the cortex are 4-7μm in diameter, with thick walls and small cavities. Cork cells are polygonal, with slightly thicker walls. In addition, there are vessels with marginal pits, wood fibers and parenchyma cells.
The root of Ardisia crenata contains triterpenoid saponins: Ardisic-renin [1], ardisicrenoside) A and B, Ardisi-a crispin A and B[2], And the secondary monosaccharide glycoside 3-o-α-l-cyclamate A- arabinopyranoside [3], It also contains bergenin and its derivative:11-o-galloyl bergenin (11-o-galloylbergen). 11-o-syringyl bergenin (1-o-syringyl bergenin),11-o-vanillyl bergenin (1/kloc) 11-o-(3', 4'-dimethyl galloyl bergenin) [1 1-O-(3', 4'-dimethyl-galloyl) bergenin] [4], norbergenin. β-sitosterol, Rapa none [5], daucosterol, spinasterol, a series of fatty acids containing18 ~ 30 carbon atoms, sucrose [6] and a novel cyclic depsipeptide FR 90000.
pharmacological action
1. bacteriostatic effect 25% decoction has slight inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in test tubes.
2. Anti-early pregnancy effect 60% ethanol extract has anti-early pregnancy effect.
prepare medical herbs by parching
1. Cleaning: remove impurities and wash.
2. Cutting: washing, chopping and drying.
Bitter, pungent and cool in nature.
Function indication: clearing away heat and toxic materials; Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Indications for sore throat; Rheumatic rheumatism; Jaundice; Dysentery; Injury from falls; Streaming fire; Mastitis; Testitis.
Administration and dosage: decoction, 15-30g. External use: appropriate amount, tamping.
Pay attention to the weak and use with caution.
Various expositions
1. "Compendium": Treating swollen throat, swallowing it with mushroom water or vinegar.
2. "Preparation of raw herbs": cure phlegm-fire, traumatic injury, remove blood stasis and regenerate, widen tendons and continue bones.
3. "Lingnan Herb Collection Record": Treating infantile malnutrition.
4. "Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine": Treating rheumatism and bone pain, crane knee wind.
5. Hunan Pharmacology: Treating hematemesis, blood collapse, heartburn, abdominal distension and abdominal pain.
6. "Zhejiang folk commonly used herbs": clearing heat and detoxifying.
Excerpt from Chinese materia medica