The victory of the anti-smoking struggle in Guangzhou dealt a heavy blow to the British colonial power. In order to maintain its colonialist policy, the British government decided to invade China in October 1839 under the pretext of "protecting commerce", and on June 28, 1840, the British "Oriental Expeditionary Force" blockaded the mouth of the Pearl River, which led to the outbreak of the First Opium War. Lin Zexu, then Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, led the Guangdong army and people to strictly guard the sea defense, so that the British army could not succeed in their plot to invade Guangdong. in July, the British army went north to invade Xiamen was repulsed and captured Dinghai, and in August, scuttled to the estuary of Tianjin, threatening Beijing. The Daoguang Emperor sent Qishan to "persuade" the British troops to return to Guangzhou to wait for negotiations, and then made Qishan as the minister to Guangzhou to negotiate with the British, and Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen dismissed. During the negotiation period, the British colonialists to show force, on January 7, 1841 suddenly attacked Shajiao, Dajiao Fortress, stationed at the fortress of Sanjiangkou Vice Admiral Chen Lian-sheng father and son died in battle, the fortress was lost. 26 January British troops forcibly occupied Hong Kong. 27 January Daoguang Emperor was forced to order the declaration of war against the British. 25 ~ 26 February British attacked the fortress of the fortress Humen all the fortresses in Guangdong, Guangdong Naval Division Governor Guan Tianpei martyrdom, the fall of Humen, March, the British pushed Guangzhou. In March, the British pushed into Guangzhou and shelled the city. in August, the British army captured Xiamen and then Ningbo. in June 1842, the British army captured Wusong and Guangzhou. on August 29th, Jieying, Yiribu and others signed the unequal Treaty of Nanking with Pudingcha on board the British ship Hanwari, which began to turn China into a semi-feudal semi-colonial society. The Opium War was the starting point of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution of the modern Chinese people.