The chemical formula of white sugar is a disaccharide, which is composed of two monosaccharide molecules (glucose and fructose) connected by ester bond. The molecular formulas of glucose and fructose are C6H12O6, respectively. Sucrose is formed by condensation reaction between glucose and fructose, and a molecule of water (H2O) is released at the same time. The chemical reaction formula is as follows: C6H12O6+C6H12O6 → C12H22O11+H2O.