Windows operating system is a windowed operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation of the United States. Last year, I updated to win1, so what system can I choose without Windows? Let's take a look at it with me.

Introduction to the system that you can choose without Windows:

Since July 29th, 215, Windows S1, a brand-new operating system of Microsoft, has been officially released, and it also serves as Microsoft? Windows as a service? An important step in the new strategy is to start a one-year free upgrade activity. As of now, Win1 is official? Promotion? Charging for patents costs $119.99 to upgrade the operating system.

Faced with such a closed-source and paid operating system, many programmers are saying "say no". Someone even suggested: Recently, it was discovered that Windows1 was selling advertisements on the screen lock interface?

nevertheless, as an operating system that has already occupied a large share in the consumer market, Windows is almost monopolized. But for developers, Windows 1 seems to be a niche operating system. In their eyes, operating systems such as Mac OS, Ubuntu, Fedora and CentOS are the real kings! Today, the author will take you to judge the operating system from the perspective of developing the party.

1. Windows 1

Openness index: ★☆

Difficulty coefficient: ☆

Ecological construction: ★★★★★ ★

As the author introduced earlier, Windows 1 operating system has now become the second largest operating system under Windows 7, with a market share of 21.9%. This shows that the free upgrade service adopted by Microsoft Windows1 operating system is really attractive. Microsoft even put down its rhetoric, hoping to let 1 billion devices around the world run Windows 1 within three years.

In addition to the advantages of free upgrade, Windows 1 must have other advantages to attract so many users to upgrade and install. To sum up, there are only two words: simple.

although PCs, pads and mobile phones have become daily necessities, for most people, these devices are just pastimes to fill boring time. In the face of such demand, we can be sure that the simple and easy-to-use characteristics of the operating system will become the focus of most IT equipment users when choosing the operating system.

However, in the view of the Open Party, when Windows decides to face the users with the weakest technical foundation, it is bound to abandon the characteristics of openness, programmability and free. As a result, Windows has suffered from network attacks, payment and users' ignorance of the system. These characteristics are fatal defects in the development.

I have to say that for ordinary consumers, Windows 1 or Windows 7 is indeed a good choice. After all, Microsoft has a good ecosystem, and the advertising and security problems generated by such systems often do not have a fatal impact on users. In short, as a general entertainment need, Windows 1 is enough. But if you have higher requirements for the security and openness of the system, you can learn about the following operating system and fill in the following questionnaire to better understand the needs of most people for the system.

2. macOS

Openness index: ★★☆

Difficulty coefficient: ★★☆

Ecological construction: ★★★☆

According to the latest survey, macOS is the third largest operating system in the world, with a market share of 9.92%. This data shows that Apple's macOS system owners have a good market share, and more importantly, the macOS operating system has been recognized by both IT experts and ordinary users. In this regard, macOS is the best.

if you ask Mac users why you use an apple computer, you will get a variety of answers. Some people say that because the Mac notebook looks beautiful; Some people say that because of the universal Space key of Mac; Some people say that using Multi-Touch gestures on Mac improves my work efficiency; Of course, some people say that because I have money. When the author threw the same question to the developer, the other party only gave me two words: purity.

this will start with the origin of macOS. Compared with the previous Windows 1 operating system, the origin of macOS can be said to be quite expensive, and the macOS operating system was born out of UNIX operating system. Many people may not know about Unix system, but you must have heard of the server while playing games. In fact, Unix was born for servers, and it is a system focused on high efficiency. On the basis of Unix, macOS has been optimized in memory and processor scheduling, and has become an operating system suitable for PC.

so what are the advantages of macOS in use?

first of all, the macOS born out of Unix is more like Linux, which enables users who need to use Linux in research and development to switch to macOS quickly.

secondly, the macOS system runs smoothly. For many Windows users, you always have to have a skill when you go out to walk. Since then, you will use it every card machine? Ctrl+Alt+Delete? Start the task manager to say hello. In many cases, it is no problem to use this trick when a software crashes, but frequent application is not only time-consuming, but also not always unsatisfactory. Undoubtedly, frequent system and software crashes will not only have adverse effects on PC, but also delay time and even cause data loss. Relatively speaking, macOS has a closed ecosystem and a perfect driver, and it rarely appears stuck.

the software is stuck. finally, for developers, there is no system for macOS. Start? Menu. This feature allows developers to concentrate all their attention on research and development, and will not be harassed by all kinds of new information on the lower right.

Of course, for Windows users, it will be difficult to switch to macOS suddenly, but after getting used to it, I find it more efficient. Of course, there are people who question macOS, thinking that macOS only depends on Apple, which may lead to the demise of macOS once Apple declines or goes bankrupt. But I think this is not worth worrying about. Not to mention the possibility of Apple's rapid bankruptcy, we assume that Apple is about to close down, so there must be scientific research institutions in many countries to maintain it now.

3. Ubuntu

Openness index: ★★★★★

Difficulty coefficient: ★★★

Ecological construction: ★★☆

Before talking about Ubuntu, we should talk about Linux. Without Linux, there wouldn't be so many operating systems suitable for various languages and production environments. If you don't know the Linux operating system, you just need to wait until many Android systems used in mobile phones are also born out of Linux. Linux is usually loved by developers, and its market share is only 2%, far less than the previous Windows and macOS.

Ubuntu was first released in September, 24, which was a relatively late Linux distribution. Although the project was not as early as other Linux distributions, its mailing list was quickly filled with users' desire and developers' enthusiastic discussion. Subsequently, Ubuntu grew into the most popular desktop Linux distribution, and it developed towards a? Easy to use and free? Our desktop operating system has made great efforts and contributions, and can compete with any personal operating system in the market.

so, what factors have made Ubuntu so successful? First of all, the founder of the project is very influential (the founder is Mark Shuttleworth, a charming South African millionaire, an early developer of Debian, and the second self-funded space tourist in the world). Secondly, the late release time allows Ubuntu to learn from the failure of other similar Linux distribution plans. Third, Ubuntu distributed free CDs to all interested users on the Internet, thus promoting the rapid expansion of Ubuntu distribution.

Ubuntu graphical interface In terms of technology, Ubuntu is a Debian-based distribution, which contains some famous software packages, such as GNOME, Firefox and OpenOffice.org's latest version update. Although the operating system of Linux is usually known for its command line interface, Ubuntu also has a graphical interface, which helps users with weak development foundation. More intimately, Ubuntu has appeared many versions or styles of Ubuntu to meet the needs of each user.

Other special features of Ubuntu include an installable live CD, artistic creation and desktop theme, Windows user migration assistant, support for the latest and new technologies, such as 3D desktop effects, easy-to-install ATi and NVIDIA graphics drivers and wireless device drivers, and support for non-free or patented media codecs as required. Ubuntu has created an excellent wiki-style document based on the network, and created an error report feedback mechanism for end users in a professional way.

Ubuntu is a good choice for Java, PHP and Python developers. Ubuntu has become the favorite of the development party, whether it is simple installation or excellent hardware recovery ability.

4. Fedora

Openness index: ★★★★★

Difficulty coefficient: ★★★★★

Ecological construction: ★★★★☆

If you are not familiar with Fedora operating system, you must have heard of Red Hat. Generally, Red Hat will be tested and released on Fedora before the official version is released. Even so, the official version of Fedora is very stable. It is somewhat similar to Ubuntu, and its users are also considerable in all Linux systems. If Ubuntu is simple and easy to use, forums and WIKI are rich in support, which is suitable for beginners to get started; Then Fedora's configuration of programming environment is simpler than Ubuntu's, and it is more suitable for beginners to learn programming development and promotion. Fedora and Ubuntu are both open-minded and conservative when the upgraded version of Fedora system is released regularly. Fedora prefers to ensure that the system reaches the standard before release, which may cause the release delay within the acceptable range of users; But Ubuntu prefers to be conservative, and the determined date will basically not change. The origin of Fedora can be traced back to 1995, but the official release date should be close to Ubnutu. However, it is worth noting that Fedora, as the first edition of Red Hat, has absolute advantages in stability, and there are Red Hat companies to control the development direction of Fedora.

On the operation side, Fedora needs to manually configure yum source, install various decoders and common tools, which is difficult for beginners to learn and develop. The installation steps are basically divided into setting partition, setting time zone, selecting software source, setting keyboard, setting network interface, etc. If you use GNOME for the first time, you need to make simple settings. Of course, you can also choose desktop of KDE, LXDE, Openbox and Xfce. In addition to the excellent security features of Fedora, as a test platform of Red Hat, Fedora has a high degree of innovation, a large number of support packages, and strictly abides by the concept of free software. Its disadvantage is that it pays too much attention to enterprise application characteristics, which leads to a weak attention to desktop usability.

for the developers of Java, PHP and other programming languages, Fedora is also a good choice, because it can make the development program closer to the application.

5. CentOS

Openness index: ★★★★★

Difficulty coefficient: ★★★☆

Ecological construction: ★★★★★ ★

Centos was launched at the end of 23. It is compiled from the source code released by Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL) according to the open source code regulations. As far as CentOS platform is concerned, it is not a commercial version in a strict sense, but CentOS has its own suite library and communication support. CentOS can get all the functions of HEL, even better software. However, CentOS does not provide commercial support to users, and certainly does not bear any commercial responsibility.

CentOS still, you will find that many servers deployed in production environment by commercial companies use CentOS system. Therefore, CentOS is often regarded as a reliable server distribution. It inherits and is equipped with a well-tested and stable Linux kernel and software, which is the same as the Linux foundation of Red Hat Enterprise.

CentOS is a desktop solution suitable for enterprises, especially in terms of stability, reliability and long-term support, and it is the first choice for the latest software and functions. Like RHEL, CentOS supports security updates for more than 5 years. In addition, CentOS is simple, the command line is well humanized and stable, and it has strong English documents and the support of the development community. CentOS does not provide commercial support alone, but it can often find a clue from Redhat.

Many webmasters will choose CentOS system, because CentOS can eliminate a lot of server work.