The easiest way to DIY your own filter is to make a bottom filter, which is simple but very effective. Many people abroad use bottom filters. Send you a picture of the finished product. Very easy to make.
Explanation: The function of filter cotton is to filter fish feces and remaining feed.
Biochemical ball: cultivates nitrifying bacteria and plays a biological purification role.
Activated carbon: absorbs odors and harmful elements and clarifies water quality.
Coral stone, ceramic ring: cultivate nitrifying bacteria and biological purification.
The principle of all filters is the same, but the appearance, selection and placement order of filter materials are different.
The filter must have two or more filtration methods: physical filtration, biochemical filtration, and chemical filtration.
Physical filtration: It uses mechanical means to separate larger particles from the water. Such as remaining feed pellets, dead fish bones, fish excrement, secretions, vomitus, body surface mucus, etc. Generally, sponges, spray cotton, fine-mesh nylon nets, palm leaf fibers, etc. are used. It is usually set at the initial end of the filtration system for easy cleaning.
Biological filtration: Cultivate beneficial bacteria and use bacteria to decompose harmful elements, such as ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, etc. Commonly used filter materials include: biochemical balls, ceramic rings, glass rings, coral sand, etc. (the most important filtration method, maintaining the ecosystem)
Chemical filtration: It uses chemical agents to remove impurities from water. Methods, the preparations used include water quality stabilizers, flocculants, algaecides, protein decomposers, deodorants, etc.
Adsorption filtration: It is a substance containing wood, coal, fruit shells, animal bones, etc. Substances with extremely high carbon content can absorb proteins, trace elements, decolorize and remove odors in seawater, and even ozone molecules can be absorbed by it. Fish urine, microalgae and drugs in the water can also be absorbed by it