There are many varieties of figs. According to the performance of the fig flower organ and the relationship between pollination, figs are divided into four categories: ordinary figs, native figs, Smirn figs and intermediate figs. Currently, most of the fig varieties cultivated in my country come from abroad. , the main varieties include Xinjiang Zaohuang, Branrick, Japanese Purple Fruit, Maxi Taofen, etc. Let’s take a look at the varieties of figs!
1. Xinjiang early-yellow fig variety unique to southern Xinjiang. A variety for both summer and autumn fruits, the autumn fruit is oblate, the weight of a single fruit is 50-70 grams, the fruit is yellow when ripe, the top of the fruit is not cracked, the pulp is strawberry color, the soluble solid content is 15%-17% or higher, the flavor is rich and sweet, and the quality is good. superior.
The tree is vigorous, but the tree is open, with a high rate of sprouting and thick branches, especially the summer shoots. In Xinjiang, where it originates, the summer fruit ripening period is in early July and the autumn fruit is in mid-to-late August. Mature.
2. Qingpi This variety has medium-large fruits, good quality, and high yield. It is an excellent variety for fresh food processing. It has good fresh food processing quality and is resistant to cold, barrenness, and salt and alkali. The tree is vigorous, with a round and elongated crown, an obvious main trunk, large opening angles of side branches, and gray-white perennial branches. The leaves are large and rough, dark and bright green in color, hairy on the back, yellow-green, palmately divided, usually with 3-5 shallow lobes, the length of the lobes is less than 1/2 of the leaf length, rarely entire, the base is deeply heart-shaped, and the leaf margin has Obvious wavy serrations, rounded and blunt, leaf shape index 1.12, petiole average length 10.32cm. The fruit is flat and obconical, with a fruit shape index of about 0.86. The fruit is green before ripening, yellow-green after ripening, the flesh is lavender, the fruit eyes are small, open, the fruit surface is smooth and not cracked, the fruit ribs are obvious, the peel is tough, there is more juice, and the sugar content is high. It is a fruit in summer and autumn. This variety has wide adaptability, and when cultivated in the South, attention should be paid to controlling the vigorous growth.
3. Brunswick French variety. The base of annual branches is gray-green and the upper part is green. The growth is average, the tree posture is open, the branching force is weak, the middle and upper parts of the branches bear more fruits, the ability of continuous fruiting is strong, and parthenocarpic fruiting is achieved. Buds sprout in mid-to-late March, bloom from May to July, summer fruits mature from early to mid-July, autumn fruits mature from mid-August to late October, and fall leaves from mid-to-late November. The summer fruit is obovate cone-shaped, yellow-green, and the weight of a single fruit is 100-140g; the autumn fruit is obovate-conical or obovate, the individual fruit weighs 40-60g, and is yellow-green. The fruit top is not cracked, the fruit is hollow, and the flesh is light pink. The sugar content is high, up to 18%-20%, the meat is fine, sweet and of excellent quality.
4. Jin Aofen (A212) has vigorous tree vigor, thick branches, few branches, annual growth of 2.3-2.9 meters, gray-brown and smooth bark, and large leaves. It is a variety used for both summer and autumn fruits. , mainly autumn fruits. The first fruit node is located at node 1-3. The fruit is large, oval and gourd-shaped, with a fruit shape index of 0.95. The peel is golden, shiny, and seems to be coated with wax. The flesh is light and dense, the weight of a single fruit is 60-100 grams, the maximum is 200 grams, and the soluble solids are 18%-20%. Excellent fresh flavor and high quality. Extremely productive and relatively cold tolerant. The cuttings bear fruit in the same year, and the maximum yield per 2-year-old plant is 9 kilograms. The summer fruit development period is about 64 days, and the autumn fruit development period is 62 days. The ripening period is from late July to late October, and can be extended to December if conditions are suitable. This variety is best eaten fresh, and the leaves can also be used for processing.
5. Melia (A134) is a strong tree with strong branching ability and an open crown. The annual growth of new shoots is 1.5-1.8 meters, and the fruit is used in both summer and autumn. It is oval or inverted cone-shaped, with a diameter of 5-6.5 cm and a single fruit weight of 70-110 grams. It begins to mature in Zhengzhou, Henan in early August. When ripe, the skin is golden, thin and shiny. The flesh is brown or light, slightly hollow, juicy, sweet, good in flavor and of good quality. The initial fruiting position is low, and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 5th nodes can bear fruit, which is extremely high yield. The fresh fruit yield of 2-year-old trees is 8.11 kilograms per plant, making it an excellent large-fruited fresh-eating variety in my country.
6. Bojihong (A132) has a moderate and strong tree vigor with strong branching ability. The annual growth of new shoots can reach 2.5 meters. The leaves are larger and the fruits can be used in both summer and autumn, with autumn fruits being the main type. The fruit is oval or long cone-shaped, with a fruit shape index of 1.37, bright skin color, and strips of brownish red or purple. The fruit ribs are more obvious. The average single fruit weight of autumn fruits is 60-90 grams, and the maximum single fruit weight is 110 grams. The flesh is slightly hollow, light red or red, sweet and juicy, with a soluble solid content of 16%-20%, and excellent quality. It is cold-resistant and salt-alkali resistant. There are 2-3 nodes in the initial fruiting part, and the maturity period is from late July to mid-to-late October, with extremely high yield. It is an excellent red variety with large fruit for fresh eating.
7. Japanese purple fig is currently the most expensive and most popular red fig variety in Japan. The tree is vigorous and vigorous, with strong branching ability. One-year-old branches are 1.5-2.5 meters long. The fruits are used in both summer and autumn, mainly autumn fruits. The fruits are oblate and oval, and the first fruit node is located at the 3-6 node or the base of the branch. The mature peel is deep purple-red, and the peel is thin, prone to sugar liquid overflow. The fruit neck is not obvious, the flesh is bright red, dense, juicy, moderately sweet and sour, and the trace element selenium contained in the fruit and leaves is the highest among all fine varieties. The soluble solids content is 18%-23%. It is resistant to storage and transportation and has excellent quality. It is currently the most popular variety at home and abroad and has broad market prospects for both fresh food and processing. This variety is high-yielding, relatively cold-tolerant, and resistant to high temperatures. The ripening period is from late August to late October.
8. Zhongnonghong (B110) has a moderate tree vigor, fewer branches, a more open crown, and an annual growth of 1.3-2.3 meters of new shoots. It is a variety used for both summer and autumn fruits. The fruit is oval in shape with a fruit shape index of 1.16. The first fruit node is located at the 1-5th node. A single fruit of summer fruit weighs 90 grams, and a single fruit of autumn fruit weighs 45-60 grams. The flesh is red, juicy and sweet, with a soluble solids content of 18%-22% and excellent quality. This variety has particularly strong yield performance, is relatively cold-resistant, has large fruits, high yield, small fruit eyes, is not easily eaten by insects, and has certain disease resistance. It is the best variety for fresh eating and dry processing.
9. Masui Dauphine giant fig - Masui Dauphine (Masui Dauphine) Masui Dauphine (also known as Masui Dauphine) is native to California, USA, and was introduced to my country from Japan. Observation after trial planting shows that Mai Si Yi Tao Fen is one of the most promising fine fig varieties and is suitable for cultivation in protected areas in Xinjiang.
The tree size of Mesi Yi Taofen is moderate to strong, with an open crown. The internodes of the branches are 1-6cm, and the tips of the branches tend to droop. The winter buds are purple-red, and the young leaves are yellow-green and oil-stained. The leaves are mainly 5-7 lobed, medium-large, and have petioles. Buds sprout and unfold leaves in early April, grow rapidly from May to mid-July, and almost stop growing during the high temperature period from July to August. Continue to grow from September to October until the leaves fall due to frost. In mid-May, except for the 1-3 nodes at the base, almost all new shoots have a young fruit growing in the leaf axils, and more than 5-30 fruits can be found on a single branch of the current year's new shoots. Spring fruit takes 50-60 days from fruit bearing to maturity. The fruit is oval in shape and weighs 100-150 grams per fruit, with a maximum weight of 200 grams. Summer fruit takes 60-70 days from fruit bearing to maturity, and autumn fruit takes 70-90 days. The fruit neck is short, oblong or oblate, and the weight of a single fruit is 60-120 grams. The peel is thin and tough, purple-red to brown in color, pink flesh, thick and crispy, with high sugar content and medium-to-high quality. About 70% of the fruits of mature trees of this variety mature in the peak fruiting period from August to September. The yield is very good, and the seedlings will bear fruit in the same year. If managed properly, the plant yield will be about 1.5kg that year, and the yield of the mature tree will be stable at 1500-2000kg for 666.7m2.
10. Zhongnong Hanyou (A1213) is a vigorous tree with strong branching ability. The annual growth of new shoots reaches 2.6 meters, the fruits are oval-shaped, and the fruit shape index is 1.2. The peel is thin, the surface is tender, yellow-green or shiny, and the appearance is beautiful. The flesh is bright pink, juicy, sweet, with a soluble solids content of more than 17%. The average fruit weight is 50-70 grams. It is an autumn fruit type, resistant to storage and transportation, and of excellent quality. It can withstand the low temperature of -13.7℃ and the daily cross test of around 30℃ in early spring, and can still grow and bear fruit normally. It is the most cold-tolerant and excellent cold-resistant variety in the commercial production of fresh figs.