Pineapples are cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, and Yunnan, China. Native to tropical areas of America. Commonly known as pineapple, it is one of the famous tropical fruits. So how to cultivate pineapples? The following is the content about the cultivation methods of pineapples compiled by me. I hope you like it!

Pineapple cultivation methods

Building a garden

Choose a southeast or south facing slope with easy transportation to build a garden. If there is no road in the selected plot, a road should be opened first; plots with a slope less than 15° can be planted directly, and terraces of equal height should be built with a slope greater than 20°.

Seedlings

Pineapples are mainly planted in Shaluoyue, and strong growing crown buds or descending buds are selected. This is the key to early fruiting and high-quality cultivation.

Planting

It can be cultivated all year round, and April-May is the best time to plant, with a higher survival rate. Choose a sunny day for planting. First plow the ground to a depth of 30 centimeters. Apply 1,500 kilograms of decomposed chicken manure and 50 kilograms of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers per acre. Then make a border with a border width of 140 centimeters, a border spacing of 100 centimeters, and a plant and row spacing of 35 centimeters per acre. Plant 2,500 plants; when planting, first separate the sprouts according to plant size, then peel off 2-3 leaves at the base, and soak the base of the sprouts with 25% carbendazim 800 times for 10 minutes, dry before planting. The planting depth should be 3-4 cm for crown buds and 6-7 cm for stem buds. If dry, rotten or missing plants are found after planting, they should be replanted in time.

Seedling stage

After the transplantation survives, use 0.3 urea plus 1 potassium chloride leaching solution for 2-3 extra-root top dressings; in the second year, fertilize once in spring and autumn, each time. Apply 15 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer, 1.5 kilograms of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5 kilograms of zinc sulfate per mu.

Fruiting period

When the heart of the plant turns red and the inflorescence differentiates and develops, apply pre-flowering fertilizer in time, including 800 kg of decomposed chicken manure, 15 kg of urea, and 15 kilograms of potassium chloride, 1.5 kilograms of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5 kilograms of zinc sulfate can enlarge the inflorescence, increase the number of florets, enlarge the fruit, and increase the yield. Fertilize in time after harvesting the fruits. Apply 500 kilograms of burned soil, 700 kilograms of decomposed chicken manure, 15 kilograms of urea, and 10 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer per acre to restore the tree vigor and promote the growth of buds, so that the tree can bloom and bear fruit at a suitable time in the next year. . Fertilize as appropriate before the low temperatures in winter, mainly potassium fertilizer, can enhance the cold resistance of plants and reduce freezing damage.

Weeding

Cultivate and weed once in spring and autumn. It can promote loosening and aeration of the soil, so that the position of sucking buds is lower, which not only promotes growth and results, but also lays the foundation for high yield in the following year.

Mulching

In summer and autumn, in order to maintain the soil moisture structure, increase soil organic matter, inhibit the growth of weeds, and reduce soil temperature, straw or wild grass should be used for mulching.

Protection

Fruit protection and sun protection: In summer, bundle 4-5 leaves around the fruit or cover the fruit with straw to prevent sunburn to reduce sunburn and improve quality.

Cold and frost protection: Before low-temperature frosts come, cover the plants with straw to protect the growing points, or smoke the orchard to prevent cold.

Harvesting

When the 1-2 rows of small fruits at the base of the fruit turn yellow, it is the right period for harvesting. During the harvest period, check frequently and harvest in batches in time. The method is to cut off the fruit stems with a knife and pluck them carefully. Be careful not to damage the peel to prevent the fruit from rotting.

The main value of pineapples

Economics

When to harvest depends on whether it is eaten fresh or processed, and whether it is sold nearby or far away. Generally, it is appropriate to harvest when 1/2 of the small fruits turn yellow for those sold nearby, and for those sold far away or used as raw materials for processing, when the small fruits turn green or 1/4 of the small fruits turn yellow.

Pineapples can be eaten fresh or processed into canned pineapples with syrup, pineapple juice, etc. Fresh pineapples can also be quick-frozen: washed, peeled, cored, cut into pieces, and frozen at -35°C Freezing treatment and storing it at a low temperature of -20℃ can make the nutrition the same as that of fresh pineapple. In addition, the by-products of pineapple processing can be used to make sugar, alcohol, MSG, citric acid, etc.

Nutrition

Pineapple is rich in nutrients. Its ingredients include sugar, protein, fat, vitamin A, B1.B2.C, protein decomposing enzymes, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and organic acids. Class, niacin, etc., especially vitamin C content is the highest.

Pineapple tastes sweet, slightly sour, and slightly cold in nature. It has the effects of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, producing body fluids and quenching thirst, and promoting urination. It can be used for treating heat-related injuries, body heat, polydipsia, abdominal distension, indigestion, etc. Symptoms such as difficulty urinating and dizziness. Moreover, fruit juice also contains an enzyme similar to gastric juice, which can break down protein and help digestion. Delicious pineapple, this fruit is not only good for weight loss but also has different effects on your health.

Morphological characteristics of pineapple

Short stem. There are many leaves, arranged in a rosette, sword-shaped, 40-90 cm long, 4-7 cm wide, apex acuminate, entire edge or sharp teeth, ventral green, back pink-green, edges and apex often brownish-red, born in The leaves at the top of the inflorescence become smaller and often red.

The inflorescence is drawn out from the leaves, shaped like a pine cone, 6-8 cm long, and enlarged during fruiting; the base of the bracts is green, the upper part is light red, triangular-ovate; the sepals are broadly ovate. , fleshy, reddish at the top, about 1 cm long; petals are oblong, pointed at the end, about 2 cm long, purple-red in the upper part and white in the lower part.