Classification by biological species

(1) Protozoa: This kind of parasitic organisms is also very extensive, such as malaria protozoa (plasmodium).

Species), Giardia

Lamblia)

② Invertebrates: This kind of parasites has the largest number and types, and even many invertebrates are obligate parasites. Common tapeworm (Taenia) is parasitic in the camp.

Solium), Clonorchis sinensis (Clonorchis sinensis)

Sinensis), and crabs (Phthirus) parasitic arthropods outside the camp.

Pubic bone), head lice (lice

mankind

Culex pipiens.

③ Vertebrates: Such parasites are rare. Myxine is the only parasite in vertebrates. There is a fish called Candiru(Vandellia) in the Amazon basin.

Liver cirrhosis), can drill into the genitals of fishermen working in water, and the body length can reach 13 cm.

Classification by parasitic environment

Internal parasites, all parasites in the host. For example, parasitic in human digestive tract, lung, liver and blood pipeline. Even brain tissue and eyeballs. Parasites in the body are divided into:

(1) digestive tract parasites, such as roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia;

2. Endoluminal parasites, such as trichomonas vaginalis;

③ Intrahepatic parasites, such as clonorchiasis and echinococcosis;

④ Pulmonary parasites, such as Paragonimus westermani (Paragonimus westermani for short);

5 brain tissue parasites, such as cysticercus cellulosae and Toxoplasma gondii;

6 intravascular parasites, such as schistosomiasis;

7 lymphatic parasites, such as filariasis;

8. Muscular tissue parasites, such as Trichinella spiralis larvae;

Pet-name ruby intracellular parasites, such as plasmodium (erythrocyte parasite) and Leishmania (macrophage parasite);

Attending bone tissue parasites, such as echinococcosis; Skin parasites, such as scabies and hair follicle mites; Intraocular parasites, such as sucking nematodes and cysticercosis.

Extracorporeal parasites are all parasites outside the host, such as between human textiles and skin, even under human skin, nostrils, penis and other cavities.

According to the relationship between parasite and host.

1. Forced parasites (parasites

Parasites) life history and various stages of parasitic life, such as filariasis; Or a certain stage of life history must be parasitic, such as hookworm, whose larvae live independently in the soil, but after developing into filamentous larvae, they must invade the host parasitic life to continue to develop into adults.

2. facultative parasites (facultative

Parasites can live independently or parasitically. For example, Angiostrongylus faecalis (adult) can be parasitic in the intestinal tract or soil of the host.

3. Accidental parasites (accidental

Parasite) a parasite that accidentally enters an abnormal host, such as some fly maggots entering the human intestine.

4. Endoparasites and ectoparasites, such as worms or protozoa parasitic in intestines, tissues or cells; The latter, such as mosquitoes, sandflies, fleas, lice, ticks and so on. When sucking blood, they come into contact with the host surface, and most of them leave after eating.

5. Long-term parasites (permanent

Parasites) and temporary parasites (temporary

Parasites) the former, like ascaris lumbricoides, must live a parasitic life in the adult stage; The latter, such as mosquitoes, fleas and ticks, temporarily invade the host when sucking blood.

6. Opportunistic parasites (opportunism

Parasites), such as Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium carinii, etc. , usually in a state of recessive infection in the host, but when it comes to the immune function of the host, abnormal proliferation can occur and efforts can be made to enhance it.