(1) vertical wall cultivation
(1) Non-bag vertical wall cultivation This is a traditional and backward cultivation method, that is, after the bacteria are full, the bacteria bags are directly discharged in the cultivation place, generally 6-7 layers, and the two ends grow mushrooms, and the ground is watered and moisturized.
(2) Single (double) side semi-bag-removed vertical wall cultivation: ridge with a width of 90 ~100 cm should be raised every 50 cm, one end of the fungus bag should be left with a plastic tube of 7 ~ 8 cm, and the rest part should be removed, which should be horizontally arranged on the ridge in two rows, with one end facing outwards, and the surrounding of the fungus block should be filled with nutrient soil, with 6 ~ 7 layers. The top is sealed with 2 ~ 3 cm thick nutrient soil, and the middle is slightly lower, leaving an irrigation tank (Figure 4-5).
Fig. 4-5 Single-sided and semi-bagged vertical wall cultivation (unit: cm)
1. Irrigation tank 2. Keep the part of bacteria bag 3. Take off the bag 4. Nutrient soil.
(2) Covering soil cultivation
In the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, the mulching technology is adopted, and the mushroom grows with large body, short stalk, thick cover, bright color, good taste and flavor, and the yield can be increased by more than 30%, which is beneficial to stable production. It is a measure to increase production without further investment. There are many ways to cover the soil for cultivation, and the introduction is as follows:
① One (two) sides are buried (half), bagged (half) and cultivated in a cultivation shed, and furrows with a width of 80 ~100 cm and a depth of 40 cm are dug every 50 cm to irrigate the soles of feet. All bags are removed and covered with soil, that is, all bacteria bags are removed and discharged vertically.
In the furrow, a gap of1~ 2cm is reserved between the bacterial bags, with 4 ~ 5 rows in each furrow, the bags are filled with nutrient soil, watered, and then covered with 2cm of garden soil. Full-mulched cultivation is beneficial to moisture retention, which can replenish the moisture and nutrients of the fungus bag in time, providing a favorable closed small environment for the nutrition and reproductive growth of the fungus bag. However, because mushrooms grow on the soil layer, it is inconvenient to pick mushrooms, and it is easy to splash on the mushrooms when spraying water. Semi-bagging and semi-covering means that one end of the mushroom bag is kept with a plastic tube of 7-8 cm, and the rest is removed, with one end of the plastic tube facing upwards, and the space between the bags is filled with nutrient soil to be higher than the part where the cylinder is kept, and the covered part is used for water conservation, so it is cleaner than the whole covered soil when picking mushrooms (Figure 4-6).
Figure 4-6 Single-sided Vertical Buried Semi-covered Cultivation (unit: cm)
1. Retain the bacterial bag part 2. Ridge 3. Remove the bag part 4. Nutrient soil.
(2) Double-sided vertical burial, that is, the fungus bag is cut off from the middle, and the end face is discharged upward in the furrow, and other things are the same as above.
(3) lying buried, that is, taking off all the bacterial bags and lying on the bed, and then covering the soil. This method is suitable for long mushroom sticks. If vertical burial is adopted, the bottom nutrition will not be fully utilized (Figure 4-7).
Fig. 4-7 Horizontal Buried, Semi-bagged and Semi-Covered Cultivation (unit: cm)
1. Keep the fungus bag part 2. Remove the fungus bag part 3. Nutrient soil
(3) combination cultivation of vertical wall type and soil covering type
In actual production, if the cultivation bag is full of water and the mycelium is strong, "vertical wall cultivation without bag removal" or "vertical cultivation without bag removal" should be adopted in the early stage (Figure 4-8); After the first1~ 2 tide mushroom emerges, it can be cultivated by standing (lying) burying, half-removing bags and half-covering soil, and after the second1~ 2 tide mushroom emerges, it can be cultivated by standing (lying) burying, completely removing bags and covering soil. The latter can also be used directly after the first two tidal mushrooms are produced, so that water and nutrients can be supplemented in time, and the yield can be increased by more than 30% compared with the single use of "wall cultivation without taking off bags".
Figure 4-8 Vertical cultivation without taking off bags