The incidence of skin disease is high, about 10-20% of the clinical cases are skin problems. (Our hospital accounts for about 40% - 50%) Pine Schnauzer skin disease has many causes, complex symptoms, long course of the disease, diagnosis and treatment are difficult. Here is only a brief introduction to a few common clinical skin problems.

Ectoparasites, fleas, lice, ticks infection

These three parasites are common ectoparasites on the dog's body surface, they bite the skin of the Pine Crested Dog, sucking the blood, causing the Pine Crested Dog's skin to itch, the coat is coarse and disorganized, and the Pine Crested Dog's entire body shedding hair, weak and anemic at the same time, and the saliva of its mouthparts and fecal matter will also cause the Pine Crested Dog's allergic dermatitis. Diagnosis is mainly based on the discovery of live worms on the surface of the body of the Pine Siskin, flea feces and lice eggs at the roots of the hair, sudden itching, licking and biting and barking of the Pine Siskin. Treatment includes topical insecticidal solution to repel fleas, oral flea medication, subcutaneous injection of ivermectin, while

Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory treatments should also be made. Commonly used drugs include Merial's "Foleyon" drops, Novartis' "Crestor"

Oral flea medication, as well as some reliable quality anthelmintic collars and topical baths. Pay attention to environmental cleanliness and sanitation, disinfect and kill worms regularly, and use a vacuum cleaner to suck out the eggs in the cracks and corners of the floor.

Skin mite infection

There are two main types of mites: helminth mites and scabies mites. Crematode mite infection is mainly manifested as hair follicle redness, pustules, hair loss, initially starting from around the eyes, upper and lower jaw, around the lips, at first not itchy, and then spreading to the neck, limbs, lower abdomen, inner femur in severe cases, causing redness of the skin, hair loss, seborrheic overflowing, dandruff shedding, with a small pustule, itchy, thickened skin, hyperpigmentation. Scabies mite infestation is mainly characterized by severe itching and hair loss, thickening and hyperpigmentation of the skin. Diagnosis is mainly based on skin scrapings examined under a microscope, see the body and larvae can be, but it should be noted that there may also be a small amount of helminth mites in the skin of normal Pine Schnauzer, which must be combined with clinical symptoms to confirm the diagnosis. If the dog has severe generalized helminth mite infection, it may be related to its genetic resistance to helminth mites, and the dog should not be bred. Treatment is mainly subcutaneous injection of ivermectin (note that Collie Shepherd Pine Schnauzer is prohibited, easy to cause poisoning), systemic anti-inflammatory, topical anti-inflammatory mite-killing baths and so on. Sharpies, dachshunds, pugs and other short-haired loonies have a breed susceptibility to mites and should be noted.

Skin fungal disease of the Pinehound

This disease is commonly known as ringworm, is the most common skin disease of the Pinehound, the main pathogen is the Pinehound microsporidium and gypsum-like microsporidium. The disease is a contact infection, human and animal ****, young, senile, thin and immunodeficient people are susceptible. The most typical symptom is alopecia with round scaly patches; there is also no alopecia, no dandruff but localized papules, pustules, or erythematous alopecia patches or nodules that appear raised. Because of the diversity of its lesions, it is easily confused with other skin diseases. Diagnosis is made by microscopic examination for fungal spores, Wood's lamp examination or fungal culture. Treatment of dermatomycosis is mainly topical application and systemic medication. Topical drugs are clotrimazole, ketoconazole, ringworm net, etc., systemic drugs are ringworm net oral tablets, Novartis

"health care"

Oral tablets, but also can be used to anti-inflammatory kill ringworm bath; as well as some traditional Chinese medicine bath, and so on. The treatment of fungus is mainly pay attention to: ① to prevent the spread and infection to other animals or people. ② adhere to the medication to prevent recurrence. It is still necessary to use the medicine for 1-2 weeks after the skin surface symptoms are completely recovered. ③ Pay attention to environmental disinfection. The dog's utensils, kennels can be used drugs: such as 0.5%

sulfated lime solution, 0.5% chlorhexidine solution scrubbing, soaking. The metal cages can also be burned with a flame torch and so on.

Bacterial infection of the skin of the pineapple, also known as the pineapple sepsis

Most cases of the pathogen is Staphylococcus intermedius. Clinical manifestations include skin pustules, small pustules, folliculitis, wrinkled skin and dry pyoderma. Diagnosis is mainly based on skin smear, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test. Treatment is based on the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test to choose topical topical antibacterial drugs and systemic antibiotics. Generally can be applied topically erythromycin, metronidazole, gentamicin liquid, Bactroban ointment, etc., at the same time can be systemic injection of antibiotics, such as: lincomycin, Bayli, cephalosporin, etc. or oral cephalosporin, clavulanic acid - amoxicillin, etc.. German shepherd loonie, Dalmatian, Sharpei, Great Dane loonie, Dachshund loonie incidence rate is high.

Skin allergic reactions

Categorized into acute allergic reactions and chronic allergic reactions. Acute allergic reaction often occurs in the oral or injection of drugs or ingested some sensitive protein immediately after the face, limbs, redness, swelling, pimples, itching, and in some serious cases, shortness of breath or even shock death. Chronic allergic reaction, can be manifested as the whole body red blisters, pimples, itching, skin hair loss, and some are accompanied by chronic otitis (redness, swelling, oozing in the ear) and vomiting, diarrhea symptoms. Clinical skin allergies are mainly chronic allergies or localized reactions, the main causes are: ① ectoparasites: fleas, lice, ticks of the mouthparts, saliva, feces allergies. ② skin mite allergy. ③ external contact allergy, such as dust, pollen, plants, chemical fiber fabrics, some even bath allergy. ④ food allergy. Pine Siskin allergy causes are more complex, not easy to diagnose, the general treatment is to stop contact with all the suspected allergens (including suspected food), in addition to insects, mites, the application of anti-allergy, anti-itch medication, such as the appropriate amount of dexamethasone or prednisone and paracetamol, etc., and choose hypoallergenic food, such as the Hills prescription food d/d and so on.

Abnormal endocrine function

There are three clinically common; ① excess estrogen, most often seen in pregnant female Pomeranian before and after the birth of the female Pomeranian with ovarian cysts, manifested as symmetrical hair loss on both sides of the back, occasional pimples and itching, and severe with hyperpigmentation. Pregnant bitch before and after the birth of hair loss generally do not need to be treated, subside on their own; ovarian cysts in the bitch is generally recommended to do ovarian uterine removal. ② hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing's disease. Causes are spontaneous factors, such as tumors (long hair, curly hair dogs with high incidence); medical factors (such as long-term high-dose injection of cortisol). Main manifestations: symmetrical hair loss, abnormal appetite, abdominal enlargement and polydipsia. Hair loss sites include neck, trunk, perineum and abdomen, and in severe cases, most of the hair on the whole body is lost, leaving only the head and limbs, the skin atrophies and folds easily, and the hair follicles become black in color to become blackheads and pimples. In some cases, the skin has abnormal calcium deposits and crusts, making recovery difficult. Diagnosis mainly relies on the determination of plasma cortisol levels, and stimulation and inhibition tests, the actual clinical diagnosis is mainly based on the specific changes in the skin and changes in the state of systemic function. The main treatment is medication and surgical removal if the tumor is diagnosed by X-ray examination. (iii) Hypothyroidism. German Shepherd Pine Schnauzer, Irish Setter Pine Schnauzer, Boxer Pine Schnauzer and Afghan Pine Schnauzer are prevalent, usually occurring at the age of 4-10 years. Diseased loonies are easily fatigued, sleepy, gain weight, have a dry coat, symmetrical massive shedding of the coat, increased pigmentation, seborrhea and itching, and impaired coat regeneration. In severe cases, the skin is thickened by mucous edema, which is most pronounced above the eyes and on the dorsal side of the neck and shoulders. Diagnosis is made primarily by measuring the serum concentration of T4. Treatment is by thyroxine replacement therapy.

Nutritional deficiencies

Mainly deficiencies of protein, minerals, certain vitamins, and trace elements. The main manifestations are increased skin scaling, itching, and hair loss. Mostly seen in the single diet, malnutrition of the Pomeranian. Treatment: change feeding nutritionally balanced food such as Pomeranian food, oral supplement nutritional cream, hair oil, Ba Mibao, etc., and some should be supplemented with additional trace elements of zinc.

Other external factors

If the bath is not reasonable: too many times or bath liquid is not right. In general, under normal circumstances, summer to every 5-7 days, winter every 7-10 days with a shampoo wash is appropriate, and should be washed with a special shampoo for Pine Siskin dogs, it is best to use imported or large manufacturers of the bath, its quality and bath pH can be guaranteed. There are also some are not found by the owner of the skin injury such as: point injury, burns, scalds or contact with irritating substances, should be brought to the hospital for timely treatment.

In short, for the Pine Schnauzer skin disease diagnosis should be exhaustive, the examination should be careful, be sure to use the microscope to check, to avoid arbitrary conclusions. For the diagnosis of fungal disease of the Pomeranian should pay attention to self-protection and prevent infection to other Pomeranian cats. The environment should be frequently disinfected to kill insects, and utensils and equipment should be disinfected and sterilized at any time to avoid indirect transmission.