Sweet potato was introduced into China during the Wanli period.
The first person to introduce sweet potatoes into China was Chen Yi, a native of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, who brought sweet potato seeds from Annan back to Dongguan for planting in the 10th year of the Wanli reign (1582).
The second person to introduce sweet potatoes was Chen Zhenlong, a native of Changle, Fujian Province, who brought back sweet potato seeds from Luzon to Fujian Province for planting in the twenty-first year of the Wanli reign (1593).
Sweet potato planting skills
One, plant sweet potatoes horizontally, plant scallions vertically
The meaning of this saying is very easy to understand, it says that the sweet potato seedling should not be planted vertically like scallions, but horizontally, so that the sweet potato has high yield.
Because every stem node of sweet potato can root and bear sweet potato, the sweet potato seedlings planted horizontally will be obviously longer than those planted vertically or diagonally, so the sweet potato seedlings planted horizontally can obviously increase the number of potatoes, and the yield of sweet potato will be higher.
When planting sweet potato seedlings horizontally, we cut the sweet potato seedlings into 20 to 25 centimeters long, with 4 to 5 stem nodes into the soil (too many stem nodes into the soil will result in a large number of potatoes, but the size of the potatoes will be relatively small; too few stem nodes into the soil will result in a large size of the potatoes but a small number of potatoes), and the depth of the burying is controlled to be 5 to 7 centimeters, with the top three leaves spreading out to show the surface of the ground.
Sweet potato seedlings can be planted vertically, diagonally or horizontally. Sweet potato seedlings using "boat bottom type transplantation method" can not only let the sweet potato knot more, but also can let the sweet potato big head. The "bottom-type transplanting method" is to put the sweet potato seedlings into the soil in the shape of a "U", compared with the sweet potato seedlings planted horizontally, the drought resistance of the sweet potato seedlings will be strengthened, and the "bottom-type transplanting method" can make the sweet potato layered fruiting, and the sweet potato seedlings can also be planted horizontally, so that the sweet potato seedlings can be planted horizontally. The "boat-bottom transplanting method" can make the sweet potato layered, the tuberous roots of sweet potato will show three-dimensional distribution, and the yield per unit area of sweet potato will be greatly improved. The length of sweet potato seedlings cultivated by the "boat-bottom transplanting method" is generally about 25 to 30 centimeters.
Two, high ridges knot large potatoes
Sweet potato is a kind of drought intolerant plants, soil humidity is not only easy to lead to the plant is long (sweet potato plant is long there will be no potatoes, potatoes, the phenomenon of small pieces of small), but also easy to lead to the sweet potato root rot, so sweet potato is easy to use high ridges cultivation.
In addition, the sweet potato high ridge cultivation can also improve the soil temperature difference between day and night (soil warming fast during the day, soil cooling fast at night), the greater the temperature difference between day and night is more conducive to the accumulation of organic matter, on the sweet potato yield and quality improvement is very helpful.
Three, change turn vine for lifting vine
Sweet potato vine in the process of growth will grow a lot of "adventitious roots", these adventitious roots will be from the soil to absorb water and nutrients used to grow stems and leaves, it is easy to lead to the vine of the potato grows exuberantly. Destroying the adventitious roots of sweet potatoes is conducive to the centralized supply of nutrients to the main root, which is conducive to the full expansion of sweet potato tubers.
In order to destroy the adventitious roots on the sweet potato vine, many people will give the sweet potato "turning vine", but the turning vine is easy to cause the sweet potato leaves to turn over, is not conducive to the plant for light cooperation. Each flip vine plant to 4 to 5 days to recover, if the flip vine 2 to 3 times, it is equivalent to let the sweet potato 10 to 15 days in the intermittent state, sweet potato underground tuber expansion is bound to be affected.
So, we can change the "vine" for "vine", vine only need to gently lift the vine and then put it down, not easy to damage the sweet potato stems and leaves, and the operation is simple, more conducive to high yield of sweet potato.
Four, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, avoid the application of "chlorine" fertilizer
Sweet potato is a kind of potash crop, potassium can promote the synthesis of photosynthesis products and transport, can promote the expansion of the potato, so the sweet potato fertilization should be based on potassium fertilizer, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. The partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will lead to exuberant plant growth, will seriously reduce the yield of sweet potato. As the old saying goes, "a handful of sweet potatoes, a handful of ash, sweet potatoes into a big pile", grass ash can not only loosen the soil, but also rich in potassium, so we can use grass ash as a bottom fertilizer, in the soil cracks, you can use grass ash leachate root irrigation, can promote the expansion of the potato.
Additionally, sweet potato avoid applying fertilizer containing "chlorine", chlorine will inhibit the synthesis and transportation of starch, the concentration of chlorine ions in the soil is too high will seriously reduce the yield and taste of sweet potato, so we do not apply potassium chloride to sweet potato, can apply potassium sulfate.
Five, cold dew early, late winter, frost harvesting potato at the right time
Sweet potato is a long growth cycle of crops, if the digging is too early, the potato is not fully expanded, will lead to the yield of sweet potatoes become lower; if the digging is too late, then the sweet potatoes may suffer from frost damage.
The old saying "cold dew early, late winter, frost harvesting potato at the time", said that the frost season is the best time to dig sweet potatoes. Sweet potato is afraid of cold like temperature, when the temperature is lower than 8 ℃ when the plant will be frost dry dead, and frost festival weather in most areas of China's average daily temperature stabilized at 10 to 15 ℃, at this time digging sweet potatoes can ensure that the potatoes are fully inflated, and if to the winter season before digging sweet potatoes, then the underground potatoes are prone to freezing.