1988 In the summer, John searched for investors in Silicon Valley and found Adobe. 1 1 In June, Adobe signed an authorized sales agreement with their brother. Their first commercial success was to hand over Photoshop to a scanner company for matching and selling. The name is Barneyscan XP, and the version is 0.87. Meanwhile, John continued to look for other buyers, including SuperMac and Aldus, but without success. Finally, they found Russell Brown, the artistic director of Adobe. Russell Brown is already studying whether to consider another company Letraset's ColorStudio image editing program. After seeing Photoshop, he felt that the Knoll brothers' program was more promising. 1August, 988, they verbally decided to cooperate, and the real legal contract was not completed until April of the following year. One of the key words in the contract is that Adobe has obtained Photoshop's "distribution license", which means authorizing the distribution rather than buying out all copyrights. This laid the foundation for the Keno brothers to become rich later.
Thanks to the efforts of Thomas and other Adobe engineers, Photoshop version 1.0.7 was officially released in February 1990. John knoll also participated in the development of some plug-ins. The first version only had an 800KB floppy disk (Mac).
In the early 1990s, great changes have taken place in the American printing industry, and prepress computerization began to spread. The CYMK function added by Photoshop in version 2.0 is that the printing factory began to hand over the color separation task to users, and a new industry desktop publishing-DTP came into being.
2.0 Other important new features include support for Adobe's vector editing software Illustrator file, two-color tone and pen tool. The minimum memory requirement is raised from 2MB to 4MB, which has a great influence on improving the stability of the software. Since this version, Adobe has started to use the code name, and the code name of 2.0 is Fast Eddy, which was officially released in June of 199 1. The appearance of 1.0
The next version of Adobe decides to develop and support the Windows version, code-named Brimstone, and the Mac version is Merlin. Strangely, the official version number is 2.5, which is different from the general software release number, because the numbers after the decimal point are usually reserved for modification and upgrade. This version adds support for palettes and 16-bit files. The main feature of version 2.5 is generally recognized support for Windows.
At this time, Photoshop's main competitor in Mac version is fractal design ColorStudio, and Aldus's PhotoStyler is on Windows. Photoshop has far surpassed ColorStudio from the beginning, and it will take some time for the Windows version to catch up with its rivals.
An important new feature of version 3.0 is the layer. The Mac version was released in September 1994, and the Windows version was released in September 10 165438. Although another software, Live Picture, supported the concept of layers at that time, there were also rumors in the industry that Photoshop engineers copied the concept of Live Picture. In fact, Thomas began to study the concept of layer very early.
The main improvement of version 4.0 is the user interface. At this time, Adobe decided to unify the user interface of Photoshop with other Adobe products. In addition, the program usage process has also changed. Some old users are resistant to this, and even some users go to online websites to protest. But after a period of use, they accepted new changes.
Adobe realized the importance of Photoshop at this moment, and they decided to buy out all rights of Photoshop. The details of how much money the Noel brothers earned for this are unknown, but it must be quite a lot.
Version 5.0 introduced the concept of history, which was different from the general revocation and attracted cheers from the industry at that time. Color management is also a new feature of 5.0. Although it caused some controversy at that time, it later proved to be a great progress in Photoshop history. Version 5.0 was officially released in May 1998. A year later, Adobe released version X.5 again, this time version 5.5, which mainly increased support for Web functions and included Image Ready 2.0.
Version 6.0, released in September 2000, mainly improved the fluency of other Adobe tools exchange, but the real major improvement waited until version 7.0, which was an event in March 2002.
Prior to this, most of the pictures processed by Photoshop came from scanning. In fact, most of the functions of Photoshop have nothing to do with digital cameras that became popular in the late 1990s. Version 7.0 adds image modification tools, such as healing brush, and some basic digital camera functions, such as EXIF data and file browser.
After enjoying great commercial success, Photoshop began to feel threatened in the 265,438+0th century, especially the software for processing the original files of digital cameras, including the software provided by various manufacturers and other competitors such as Phase One(Capture One). Thomas Knoll, who has retired, personally led the team to develop the PS RAW(7.0) plug-in.
In the subsequent development process, the official version number of photoshop 8.0 is CS, the version number of 9.0 is CS2, the version number of 10.0 is CS3, and the version number of 1 1.0 is CS4.
CS is the abbreviation of the last two words in a set of Adobe Creative Suite software, which stands for "creative collection" and is a unified design environment. Use Adobe Photoshop CS2, Illustrator CS2, InDesign CS2, GoLive CS2 and Acrobat 7.0 Professional software with Version Cue CS2, Adobe Bridge and Adobe Stock Photos.
The latest version is Adobe Photoshop CS4.
History of important versions of Adobe photoshop:
Version of the operating system to develop the new function of code release date
0.63 Apple Computer19881October
1.0 Macintosh1February 990
2.0 Macintosh Fast Vortex 199 1 June Path
2.5 Macintosh Falcon 1992 65438+ October
Windows sulfur 1992 1 month
Irix/Solaris1993165438+October
3.0 Macintosh Tiger Mountain1September 994 Palette Labels and Layers
Windows/irix/Solaris199411month.
4.0 Macintosh, Windows electric cat 1996 1 1 adjustable layer, editable type (rasterized immediately after adding the previous version).
5.0 Macintosh, Windows Weird Goods 1998 may be revoked many times (history panel), color management.
5.5 Macintosh, Windows 1999 bundled ImageReady in February and stored it as a web page, absorbing and vector image.
6.0 Macintosh, Venus in Windows September 2000 hair update user interface, "dissolve" filter, layer mode/mixed layer.
7.0 Mac Classic /OS X, Windows Flowing Sky March 2002 Text Vectorization, Repair Brush, New Painting Engine.
7.0. 1 MAC Classic/OS X, Windows supported camera RAW 1.x (optional plug-in) in August 2002.
CS (8.0) Mac OS X, Windows Dark Matter supported camera RAW 2.x in June, 5438 +2003 10, highly modified "slicing tool", shadow/highlight command, color matching command, "lens blur" filter, real-time histogram, detecting and recycling the scanned images of various banknotes, using the DRM copy protection technology of Safecast and supporting JavaScript.
CS2 Mac OS X, Windows Space Monkey supports camera RAW 3.x in April, 2008, smart objects, image distortion, point recovery brushes, red-eye tools, lens correction filters, smart sharpening, smart guides, vanishing points, improving memory management when a 64-bit PowerPC G5 Macintosh computer runs Mac OS X 10.4, supporting high dynamic range imaging, and more blooming options, such as "spots".
CS3 All MAC OS X and Windows Red Pill can be used on Intel's Macintosh platform in April 2007 to enhance support for Windows Vista, new user interface, new features of Adobe camera raw and quick tool selection. Curve, vanishing point, channel mixer, brightness and contrast, improvement of printing dialog window, black-and-white conversion adjustment, automatic merging and mixing, intelligent (lossless) filter, image support for mobile devices, improvement of cloning and repair, more complete 32-bit /HDR support (layers, drawings, more filters and adjustments), and quick start.
CS4 Full Mac OS X, Windows Stonehenge On September 23rd, 2008, Adobe CS4 suite had more than 100 innovations, with special emphasis on simplifying workflow and improving design efficiency. Photoshop CS4 supports intelligent content-based scaling, 64-bit operating system and larger memory, and GPGPU general computing acceleration based on OpenGL.
[Edit this paragraph] Similar software
1, varnish
This is a bitmap processing software of corel Company in Canada, and its function is similar to photoshop. I was tied to coreldraw before.
2. Painters
Corel is a professional bitmap drawing tool, which can simulate a variety of painting strokes and their styles.
3. Photography
Is a powerful and easy-to-use image editing software. With multiple image special effects filters, you can easily make various image special effects with them; The text input function is quite distinctive, with a variety of effects to choose from, and the text angle can be adjusted freely; Built-in PhotoMasque editing function.
4, light and shadow magician
Software to improve the image quality and processing effect of digital photos. Simple and easy to use, you can produce the color effect of professional film photography without any professional imaging technology.
[Edit this paragraph] Application field
Most people's understanding of PHOTOSHOP is limited to "a good picture editing software", but they don't know many of its applications. In fact, PHOTOSHOP has a wide range of applications, including images, graphics, text, video and publishing. Please see the following introduction:
1, graphic design
Graphic design is the most widely used field of PHOTOSHOP. Whether it's the cover of the book we are reading, or the posters and posters we see on the street, these rich graphic prints basically need PHOTOSHOP software to process the images.
Step 2 repair photos
PHOTOSHOP has powerful image modification function. Using these functions, you can quickly repair a broken old photo, and you can also repair defects such as spots on people's faces.
3. Advertising photography
Advertising photography is a kind of work with very strict visual requirements, and its final product often needs to be modified by PHOTOSHOP to get satisfactory results.
4. Image creativity
Image creativity is PHOTOSHOP's specialty. Through PHOTOSHOP processing, you can combine unrelated objects, or you can use the method of "changing civet cats for princes" to make the images unrecognizable.
5. Artistic writing
When the text encounters PHOTOSHOP processing, it is doomed to be no longer ordinary. PHOTOSHOP can be used to make various changes to the text, and these artistically processed words can be used to increase the effect of the image.
6. Web page making
The popularity of the Internet is an important reason why more people need to master PHOTOSHOP. Because PHOTOSHOP is an indispensable web page image processing software when making web pages.
7. Late decoration of architectural renderings
When making architectural renderings including many three-dimensional scenes, it is often necessary to add and adjust the colors of people and scenes in PHOTOSHOP.
8. Painting
Because PHOTOSHOP has good painting and color matching functions, many illustrators often draw sketches with pencils, and then use PHOTOSHOP to fill in colors to draw illustrations.
In addition, the most popular pixel paintings in recent years are mostly works created by designers with PHOTOSHOP.
9. Draw or process 3D stickers.
In 3D software, if you can make a good model, you can't put realistic stickers on the model, and you can't get a good rendering effect. In fact, when making materials, it is very important not only to rely on the material function of the software itself, but also to use PHOTOSHOP to make suitable materials that cannot be obtained in three-dimensional software.
10, wedding photo design
At present, more and more wedding photo studios begin to use digital cameras, which makes the processing of wedding photo design become a new industry.
1 1, visual creativity
Visual creativity and design is a branch of design art, which usually has no obvious commercial purpose, but because it provides a broad design space for design lovers, more and more design lovers begin to learn PHOTOSHOP and carry out visual creativity with personal characteristics and styles.
12, icon making
Although using PHOTOSHOP to make icons feels a bit overqualified, the icons made with this software are really beautiful.
13, interface design
Interface design is a new field, which is paid more and more attention by software enterprises and developers. Although it has not yet become a brand-new profession, I believe there will be a professional interface designer profession soon. There is no professional interface design software at present, so most designers use PHOTOSHOP.
The 13 fields of PHOTOSHOP application are listed above, but in fact, its applications are more than these. For example, PHOTOSHOP is also applied to the post-production of film and television and the production of two-dimensional animation.
[Edit this paragraph] function
Functionally, Photoshop can be divided into image editing, image synthesis, color correction and special effects production. PHOTOSHOP interface
Image editing is the basis of image processing, which can perform various transformations on images, such as enlargement, reduction, rotation, tilt, mirror image and perspective. You can also copy, remove spots, repair and modify damaged images. This is very useful in wedding photography and portrait processing. It can remove the dissatisfied parts of portraits and beautify them, and get very satisfactory results.
Image synthesis is to combine several images into a complete image with clear meaning through layer operation and tool application, which is the only way for art design. The drawing tools provided by photoshop make foreign images and ideas blend together well, making it possible to synthesize images seamlessly.
Tone color correction is one of the powerful functions in photoshop, which can adjust and correct the color of images conveniently and quickly, and can also switch between different colors to meet the application of images in different fields such as web design, printing and multimedia.
The production of special effects in photoshop is mainly accomplished through the comprehensive application of filters, channels and tools. Including the creation of image special effects and the production of special effects characters, such as oil painting, relief painting, plaster painting, sketch and other commonly used traditional artistic skills can be completed through photoshop special effects. And the production of various special characters are the reasons why many art designers are keen on photoshop research.
[Edit this paragraph] The latest version
The CS4 version was officially released on September 23rd, 2008. Photoshop CS4 claims to be the biggest product upgrade in Adobe's history.
The two versions of Photoshop CS4 are Adobe Photoshop CS4 and Adobe Photoshop CS4 Extended.
Details of the two versions are as follows:
●Adobe Photoshop CS4
Make full use of unparalleled editing and composition functions, a more intuitive user experience and a significant increase in productivity.
Perfect for:
Professional photographer *
A serious amateur photographer *
Graphic designer *
Web designer *
●Adobe Photoshop CS4 Extended
Get all the features of Adobe Photoshop CS4, as well as tools for editing content based on 3D models and animations and performing advanced image analysis.
Perfect for:
Film, video and multimedia professionals *
Graphic and web designers using 3D and animation *
Manufacturing professionals *
Medical professionals *
Architects and engineers *
Scientific research personnel *
In addition, adobe provides a new version of Lightroom:
●Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 2
Master the workflow of digital photography with Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 2. Import, manage and display a large number of photos or modify a single image.
Perfect for:
Professional photographer
A serious amateur photographer *
Using PHOTOSHOP
In addition to all the functions of Adobe Photoshop CS3, the software also adds some special functions, such as supporting 3D and video streaming, animation, depth image analysis and so on.
The entry interfaces of the two versions are different, but look at the operation interfaces of Photoshop CS3 10.0 and CS4, which are almost the same.
1. Toolbox, which can be long single or short double, becomes scalable.
2. The quick mask mode and screen switching mode on the toolbox have also changed the switching mode.
3. There is a group selection mode in the tool selection options of the toolbox. You can choose a group or a single layer by yourself.
There is a quick selection tool in the toolbox. It should be a quick version of the wand. You can add and select without any shortcut keys. You can select an area like painting by holding it down, which is amazing. Of course, there are three modes to choose from in the Options Bar: New, Plus and Minus. It will be very intuitive and quick to quickly select pictures with large chromatic aberration.
In addition, photoshop cs4 will support GPU acceleration.
In the editing day held in Santa Clara, California in the spring of 2008, NVIDIA and Adobe brought new hope: Adobe Photoshop Creative Suite Next (CS4) code-named "Stonehenge" will increase support for GPU and physical acceleration.
With the support of GPU acceleration, opening a 2GB, 442 million pixel image file with Photoshop will be very simple, just like opening a 5 million pixel file on Intel Skulltrail eight nuclear system, and there will be no delay in zooming and rotating the image. In addition, there is a 3D accelerated Photoshop panoramic demonstration, which is the most time-consuming work today and will no longer be a headache.
Another impressive new function of Photoshop CS4 is that it can not only import 3D models, but also add words and pictures on their surfaces, just like rendering directly on the model surface.
Online version of Adobe Photoshop public beta
On March 28th, 2008, Adobe announced that the online version of PS program "Photoshop Express" had been opened for public testing.
As a rich Internet application (RIA), Photoshop Express provides 2GB of free space. Users can store, manage, edit and share their photos online, upload and download them through social networking sites such as Facebook, or show each other in the gallery provided by Adobe.
In terms of photo editing, Photoshop Express does not pursue professionalism like Photoshop, but provides one-click simple operation. Even if users have no experience in image editing, they can achieve Pop colors, sketches, distortions and other effects.
Photoshop Express adopts Adobe's free and open source framework Flex, supports browsers such as IE, Firefox and Safari, and needs to install Flash Player 9. At present, it is only available in English, and will support multiple languages after it is officially launched.
Photoshop Express website:
/,established Adobe China Company, headquartered in Beijing.
Photoshop's specialty lies in image processing, not graphic creation. It is necessary to distinguish between these two concepts. Image processing is the editing and processing of existing bitmap images and the application of some special effects, with emphasis on image processing; Graphic creation software uses vector graphics to design graphics according to its own ideas. This kind of software mainly includes Illustrator, another famous software of Adobe Company, and Freehand of Macromedia Company.
Now many people are learning photoshop, and there are many tutorials. 2 1 century, photoshop has become an indispensable learning tool for everyone. Generally, they will learn some basic knowledge in the sixth grade of primary school. So it is necessary for everyone to master it.
[Edit this paragraph] The most commonly used PS filter
Xenofex
Xenofex is a filter software of Alien Skin Company. Xenofex 2 contains 14 powerful filters: edge burning, classic mosaic, nebula effect, cracking effect, folding effect, electro-optical effect, flag effect, lightning effect, cloud cluster effect, puzzle effect, paper tearing effect, crushing effect, pollution effect and TV effect.
KPT
KPT filter has a dazzling effect, "I'm afraid I can't do it, I'm afraid I can't think of it."
Topaz filter
Topaz Vicacity filter has excellent processing effect, and the negative effects such as sharpening, noise reduction and scaling are minimized.
Professional mask
MaskPro, the master of filter matting, can be said to be one of the most professional film-returning software at present.
[Edit this paragraph] Mastering PS requires learning.
Use of Common Selection Tools and Fill Color Tools
Use of Path Tools and Rendering Tools
Using Layer and Layer Blending Mode
Skills of using common filters
Adjustment of image color and use of image mode
Skills of using the path tool
Skills of using channels and paths
This paper analyzes and explains the advanced examples of layers, channels and paths, and how to use channels and paths to deduce drawings.
The use of common filters and the skills of using external filters
The application skills of Photoshop in photos, wedding photos and old photos.
Application of Photoshop in Print Advertising Creativity
How to typeset and the application of Photoshop in the production of packaging boxes
The Layout and Application of Photoshop in Web Page Making
Application of Photoshop in post-rendering.
[Edit this paragraph ]PHOTOSHOP basic tool shortcuts:
Toolbox (if multiple tools * * * use a shortcut key, press Shift plus this shortcut key to select).
Rectangular and oval box selection tool m
Cutting tool c
Moving tool v
Lasso, polygonal lasso, magnetic lasso
Magic wand tool w
Spray gun tool j
Brush tool b
Like leather stamps, pattern stamps.
Historical brush tool y
Like eraser tool e
Pencil, linear tool n
Blur, sharpen and smear tool r
Lighting, deepening and sponge tools
Pen, free pen, magnetic pen P
Add anchor tool+
Delete anchor tool-
Select tool a directly.
Text, text mask, plain text, plain text mask t
Measuring tool u
Linear gradient, radial gradient, symmetrical gradient, angular gradient, diamond gradient g.
Paint bucket tool k
Pipette, color sampler I
Grab tool h
Zoom tool z
Default foreground and background color d
Toggles the foreground and background colors.
Switch standard mode and fast mask mode q
Standard screen mode, full screen mode with menu bar, full screen mode f
Temporarily use the mobile tool Ctrl.
Temporary use of color absorption tool Alt
Temporary use of fixture tool space
Open the tools options panel and enter.
Quickly enter tool options (there is at least one adjustable number in the current tool options panel) 0 to 9.
Cycle to select a brush [or]
Select the first brush Shift+[
Select the last brush Shift+]
Create a new gradient (in the gradient editor) Ctrl+N
Document function
New graphics file Ctrl+N
Create a new file with default settings.
Open existing image Ctrl+O
Open mode ... Ctrl+Alt+O
Close the current image Ctrl+W
Save the current image.
Save as ... Ctrl+Shift+S
Save copy Ctrl+Alt+S
Page setup Ctrl+Shift+P
Print Ctrl+P
Open the preset dialog ctrl+k
Show the last preset dialog alt+ctrl+k.
Set the general options (in the preset dialog box) Ctrl+ 1.
Set "Save File" (in the preset dialog box) Ctrl+2.
Set the display and cursor (in the preset dialog box) Ctrl+3.
Set the transparent area and color gamut (in the preset dialog box) Ctrl+4.
Set the unit and ruler (in the Presets dialog box) Ctrl+5.
Set guides and grids (in the Presets dialog box) Ctrl+6.
External glow effect (in the Effects dialog box) Ctrl+3
Internal glow effect (in the Effects dialog box) Ctrl+4
Bevel and Relief Effects (in the Effects dialog box) Ctrl+5
Applies the currently selected effect and makes the parameters adjustable (in the Effects dialog box).
Layer blending mode
Cyclically select mixed mode Alt+- or+
Ordinary Ctrl+Alt+N
Threshold (bitmap mode) Ctrl+Alt+L
Dissolve Ctrl+Alt+I
Ctrl+Alt+Q is in the back.
Clear Ctrl+Alt+R
Positive stack Ctrl+Alt+M
Screen Ctrl+Alt+S
Override Ctrl+Alt+O
Soft light Ctrl+Alt+F
Strong light Ctrl+Alt+H
Color fade Ctrl+Alt+D
Color deepening Ctrl+Alt+B
Darken Ctrl+Alt+K
Brighten Ctrl+Alt+G
Difference Ctrl+Alt+E
Exclude Ctrl+Alt+X
Tone Ctrl+Alt+U
Saturation Ctrl+Alt+T
Color Ctrl+Alt+C
Photometric control +Alt+Y
Decolorization sponge tool +Ctrl+Alt+J
Color sponge tool +Ctrl+Alt+A
Shadow Fading/Deepening Tool +Ctrl+Alt+W
Intermediate fade/deepen tool +Ctrl+Alt+V
Highlight Fade/Deepen Tool +Ctrl+Alt+Z
Selection function
Select Ctrl+A select all.
Deselect Ctrl+D
Select Ctrl+Shift+D again.
Feather selection Ctrl+Alt+D
Reverse Ctrl+Shift+I
Numeric keyboard input with path variable selection area
Load Selection Ctrl+ click the thumbnail in the Layers, Paths, Channels panel.
[Edit this paragraph] Main file format
PSD: The original image file, which contains all Photoshop processing information, such as layers, texts, rendering effects, etc. Photoshop and Image Ready can also open PSD format). PSD format saves layers, channels, paths, and some adjustment layers (related history cannot be saved at present).
. PSB (Photoshop Big): This format is used for files with a file size of more than 2g, and it is a new version of Microsoft. PSD format.
. PDD (PhotoDeluxe Document): This format is only used to support the functions of PhotoDeluxe. Deluxe photos have stopped developing.
Adobe Photoshop CS3 official simplified Chinese version (activation-free)
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Maybe you need this:
Photoshop CS3 series video tutorial (not bad, easy to understand! )
/special/0009 15SN/pscs 3n . html