Introduction: Since the pre-Qin Dynasty, people have paid great attention to the relationship between diet and hygiene, diet and health, and have formed a progressive outlook on diet.

Confucius was very particular about diet.

He put forward the dietary requirement of "never getting tired of fine food and never getting tired of fine food" and advocated more than ten abstentions.

"Spring Night Banquet in the Peach and Plum Garden" "Scholar" is a term used for intellectuals in ancient China.

"Scholars" are also called "Confucian scholars" and "literati".

Some scholars believe that the dietary life of ancient Chinese scholars had its own characteristics compared with other social classes, which is: "the pursuit of dietary art, an elegant and elegant style, not focusing on luxury but on food." From an economic and cultural perspective,

Scholars were well-educated and most of them had enough food and clothing. Therefore, they had the energy and time to study the art of life and were able to pay attention to food and drink.

The eating style of ancient scholars was mostly dominated by their dietary concepts - since the pre-Qin Dynasty, people have paid great attention to the relationship between diet and hygiene, diet and health, and formed a progressive concept of diet.

Confucius was very particular about diet.

He put forward the dietary requirement of "never getting tired of fine food and never getting tired of fine food" and advocated more than ten abstentions.

The article says: After eating, the fish will be exhausted and the meat will be rotten, so he will not eat.

If you look evil, you won’t eat.

Foul smell, do not eat.

Loss of cooking, no eating.

From time to time, do not eat.

If the cut is not correct, it will not be eaten.

If you don't get the sauce, you won't eat it.

Although there is a lot of meat, it does not make Shengshi Qi.

Only unlimited wine is not as good as chaos.

If you sell wine in the market, you won’t eat the preserved meat.

Don’t take away ginger food, don’t eat too much…don’t sacrifice meat for three days.

I haven't eaten for three days.

Judging from what Confucius said about "not eating", most of them meet the hygiene standards and are still the dietary principles that should be followed today.

For example, """" refers to food that is spoiled and smelly due to heat, fish is rotten and spoiled, and meat is rotten and spoiled. These spoiled foods are extremely harmful to the human body.

"Don't eat without cooking" means not eating improperly cooked food.

"Selling wine and selling preserved fruits but not eating them" means that some of the bulk foods and drinks bought on the street are unclean and cannot be eaten casually.

"Although there is a lot of meat, it should not make you lose your appetite." This means that the diet should be mainly based on grains and not too much meat.

"Don't eat too much" means eating in moderation and not overeating.

In short, it is commendable that more than 2,000 years ago, Confucius put forward so many ideas about not eating food that did not meet hygienic standards.

In the dietary outlook of ancient Chinese scholars, they paid great attention to a reasonable dietary structure.

During the Han and Tang Dynasties, people advocated the use of mixed foods such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and livestock to ensure a reasonable combination of food nutrients.

Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, pointed out in "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions? Daolin Nourishing Nature" that "you must always eat less meat and more rice" every time you eat.

This food matching principle of using grains as the main component and meat as the supplement meets the requirements of nutritional health.

Ancient scholars also generally believed that diet should be restrained and opposed to eating large amounts of delicious food. Doing so would increase the burden on the stomach and affect digestion.

"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" says: "Fat meat and rich wine are for self-strengthening. This is called food for rotten intestines." Sun Simiao also believed that eating too much would shorten one's life.

He said in "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions for Nurturing Nature": "If you don't use up your food, and it's not overdue for a month, you will suffer from all kinds of diseases..." Li Yu, a famous playwright in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was versatile and very particular about his diet.

In his book "Xian Qing Ou Ji", he made a special comment on the way of eating in "The Ministry of Health and Care".

Li Yu's view on diet is different from the traditional theory of diet and health preservation. For example, he believes that "food and color are the nature of food. If you want to maintain health through diet, the one that is not deviated from the nature will be the closest thing."

That is to say, the diet should be arranged according to each person's "nature".

"Xing" means temperament and habits.

Since "sex" varies from person to person, the dietary taboos specified in books such as "Food and Materia Medica" may not be suitable for everyone.

Based on the principle of arranging diet based on "nature", Li Yu proposed six specific dietary methods: First, those who love food should eat more; Li Yu believed: "What you love to eat throughout your life can maintain your health, and there is no need to look up "Compendium of Materia Medica".

"The second is that those who are afraid of eating eat less; if they forcefully eat food that they do not like to eat by nature, it will not only be detrimental to health, but will also lead to disease.

The third is to be too hungry but not too full; that is, to control your diet and not to overeat due to hunger.

The fourth is not to be hungry when you are too full; Li Yu said: "The amount of hunger and drink should not be more than 70%." The fifth is not to eat when you are angry and sad; because "when you are angry, food is easy to drink but difficult to go away, and when you are sad, food is difficult to eat.

Difficult to get off”.

Sixth, do not eat when you are tired and bored; because if you eat when you are tired, "the food will stop in the middle and cannot be eaten down." If you eat when you are bored, "you will not be able to eat unless you are very tired, and vomiting will follow."

Yuan Mei, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, was also very particular about diet.

"Suiyuan Food List" is a cooking monograph written by him in his later years. It is an important work that systematically discusses cooking techniques and dishes from the north and south.

Yuan Mei believes that cooking is like learning, and one should "predict before proceeding".

In "Jie Dan", Yuan Mei proposed that bad habits should be eliminated in diet.

For example, he proposed to "abstain from the ear meal".

What is "ear meal"?

"Those who eat with their ears are called by their names."

He criticized those who blindly show off their food and one-sidedly pursue luxurious food: "They are greedy for the reputation of expensive things and praise the guests, so eating with ears is not a meal with mouth. I don't know that tofu tastes far better than bird's nest, and sea vegetables are not as good as bamboo shoots."

"Yuan Mei also advocated "Beware of eating without sight", "Those who eat without sight are said to be greedy for too much."

Yuan Mei said: "Putting multiple plates and stacking bowls means eating with the eyes rather than with the mouth."

If an unknown hand writes too much, it will be a failure; if a famous person writes a poem, if it is troublesome, it will lead to tired sentences.